Question 1

Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in testcrosses when dealing with two gene pairs for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability?

Accepted Answer

A) 2:3,1:2 
B) 1:1:1:1 
C) 1:2:1,3:1 
D) 9:3:3:1,27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1 
E) 12:3:1,9:7 
A) 2:3,1:2 
B) 1:1:1:1 
C) 1:2:1,3:1 
D) 9:3:3:1,27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1 
E) 12:3:1,9:7

Question 2

Which of the following describes the product law?

Accepted Answer

A) The probability of two or more independent events occurring simultaneously is equal to the product of their individual probabilities. 
B) The probabilities of two events occurring in a specific sequence are the product of their individual probabilities squared. 
C) The probably of two linked events occurring simultaneously is equal to the probabilities of each individual event. 
D) The probability of two or more independent events occurring simultaneously is equal to the sum of their individual probabilities. 
E) The product of the sum of the probabilities of two simultaneous events describes the ability of those two events to occur together. 
A) The probability of two or more independent events occurring simultaneously is equal to the product of their individual probabilities. 
B) The probabilities of two events occurring in a specific sequence are the product of their individual probabilities squared. 
C) The probably of two linked events occurring simultaneously is equal to the probabilities of each individual event. 
D) The probability of two or more independent events occurring simultaneously is equal to the sum of their individual probabilities. 
E) The product of the sum of the probabilities of two simultaneous events describes the ability of those two events to occur together.

Question 3

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a rare,autosomal,dominantly inherited disease of the teeth that occurs in about one in 8000 people Witkop 1957 .The teeth are somewhat brown in color,and the crowns wear down rapidly.Assume that a male with dentinogenesis imperfecta and no family history of the disease marries a woman with normal teeth.What is the probability that their first two children will have dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 100% 
C) 1/2 
D) 3/4 
E) 1/8 
A) 1/4 
B) 100% 
C) 1/2 
D) 3/4 
E) 1/8

Question 4

The Chi- square test involves a statistical comparison between measured observed and predicted expected)values.One generally determines degrees of freedom as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) ten minus the sum of the two categories 
B) the sum of the two categories 
C) the number of categories being compared 
D) one more than the number of classes being compared 
E) one less than the number of classes being compared 
A) ten minus the sum of the two categories 
B) the sum of the two categories 
C) the number of categories being compared 
D) one more than the number of classes being compared 
E) one less than the number of classes being compared

Question 5

What is segregation?

Accepted Answer

A) Genes lie on chromosomes. 
B) During gamete formation,allele pairs are separated to form haploid gametes. 
C) Fertilization is random. 
D) During gamete formation,segregating pairs of unit factors assort independently of each other. 
E) Chromosomes can swap information during meiosis. 
A) Genes lie on chromosomes. 
B) During gamete formation,allele pairs are separated to form haploid gametes. 
C) Fertilization is random. 
D) During gamete formation,segregating pairs of unit factors assort independently of each other. 
E) Chromosomes can swap information during meiosis.

Question 6

What is independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

A) Chromosomes can swap information during meiosis. 
B) Genes lie on chromosomes. 
C) During gamete formation,segregating pairs of unit factors assort independently of each other. 
D) Fertilization is random. 
E) During gamete formation,allele pairs are separated to form haploid gametes. 
A) Chromosomes can swap information during meiosis. 
B) Genes lie on chromosomes. 
C) During gamete formation,segregating pairs of unit factors assort independently of each other. 
D) Fertilization is random. 
E) During gamete formation,allele pairs are separated to form haploid gametes.

Question 7

Albinism,lack of pigmentation in humans,results from an autosomal recessive gene.Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child.What is the probability that their next three children will be wild type?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/32 
B) 0% 
C) 3/64 
D) 1/4 
E) 3/8 
A) 1/32 
B) 0% 
C) 3/64 
D) 1/4 
E) 3/8

Question 8

What conditions are likely to apply if the progeny from the cross AaBb × AaBb appear in the 9:3:3:1 ratio?

Accepted Answer

A) gene interaction and independent assortment 
B) incomplete segregation and complete dominance 
C) dihybrid cross with incomplete dominance 
D) complete dominance,independent assortment,and no gene interaction 
E) dihybrid test cross 
A) gene interaction and independent assortment 
B) incomplete segregation and complete dominance 
C) dihybrid cross with incomplete dominance 
D) complete dominance,independent assortment,and no gene interaction 
E) dihybrid test cross

Question 9

Which of the following groups of scientists were influential around the year 1900 in setting the stage for our present understanding of transmission genetics?

Accepted Answer

A) de Vries,Correns,Tschermak,Sutton,and Boveri 
B) Watson,Crick,Wilkins,and Franklin 
C) Beadle,Tatum,and Lederberg 
D) Hippocrates,Aristotle,and Kölreuter 
E) Darwin,Mendel,and Lamarck 
A) de Vries,Correns,Tschermak,Sutton,and Boveri 
B) Watson,Crick,Wilkins,and Franklin 
C) Beadle,Tatum,and Lederberg 
D) Hippocrates,Aristotle,and Kölreuter 
E) Darwin,Mendel,and Lamarck

Question 10

A certain type of congenital deafness in humans is caused by a rare autosomal dominant gene.In a mating involving a deaf man and a deaf woman,could all the children have normal hearing?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes,assuming that the parents are heterozygotes because the gene is rare ,it is possible that all of the children could have normal hearing. 
B) No,because it is dominant.Children always get the dominant alleles. 
C) Yes,because it must be recessive if it's rare. 
D) Yes,because traits assort independently. 
E) No,because children favor their parents. 
A) Yes,assuming that the parents are heterozygotes because the gene is rare ,it is possible that all of the children could have normal hearing. 
B) No,because it is dominant.Children always get the dominant alleles. 
C) Yes,because it must be recessive if it's rare. 
D) Yes,because traits assort independently. 
E) No,because children favor their parents.

Question 11

In what ways is sample size related to statistical testing?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no correlation. 
B) By increasing sample size,one increases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
C) By increasing sample size,one increases the reliability of the statistical test and decreases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
D) By increasing sample size,one decreases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
E) The larger the sample size is,the more likely you are to introduce errors into your data. 
A) There is no correlation. 
B) By increasing sample size,one increases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
C) By increasing sample size,one increases the reliability of the statistical test and decreases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
D) By increasing sample size,one decreases the reliability of the statistical test and increases the likelihood of erroneous conclusions from chance fluctuations in the data. 
E) The larger the sample size is,the more likely you are to introduce errors into your data.

Question 12

Albinism,lack of pigmentation in humans,results from an autosomal recessive gene a .Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child.What is the probability that their next three children will be albino?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/64 
B) 0% 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/8 
E) 3/4 
A) 1/64 
B) 0% 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/8 
E) 3/4

Question 13

Mendel indicated that traits were made up of unit factors.Today,we call unit factors __________.

Accepted Answer

A) genotypes 
B) alleles 
C) characters 
D) phenotypes 
E) genes 
A) genotypes 
B) alleles 
C) characters 
D) phenotypes 
E) genes

Question 14

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a rare,autosomal,dominantly inherited disease of the teeth that occurs in about one in 8000 people Witkop 1957).The teeth are somewhat brown in color,and the crowns wear down rapidly.Assume that a male with dentinogenesis imperfecta and no family history of the disease marries a woman with normal teeth.What is the probability that their first child will be a girl with dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Accepted Answer

A) 3/4 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/2 
D) 100% 
E) 1/8 
A) 3/4 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/2 
D) 100% 
E) 1/8

Question 15

Which phenotypic ratio is likely to occur in crosses of two completely dominant,independently segregating gene pairs when both parents are fully heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

A) 2:4:6:8 
B) 3:2:3:1 
C) 3:1 
D) 1:1:1:1 
E) 9:3:3:1 
A) 2:4:6:8 
B) 3:2:3:1 
C) 3:1 
D) 1:1:1:1 
E) 9:3:3:1

Question 16

Assuming a typical monohybrid cross in which one allele is completely dominant to the other,what ratio is expected if the F1s are crossed?

Accepted Answer

A) 1:1 
B) 3:1 
C) 4:3 
D) 2:1 
E) 3:2 
A) 1:1 
B) 3:1 
C) 4:3 
D) 2:1 
E) 3:2

Question 17

According to Mendel's model,because of the__________ of chromosomes during meiosis,all possible combinations of gametes will be formed in equal frequency.

Accepted Answer

A) the product rule 
B) chromosomal theory of inheritance 
C) law of segregation 
D) law of unit factors 
E) independent assortment 
A) the product rule 
B) chromosomal theory of inheritance 
C) law of segregation 
D) law of unit factors 
E) independent assortment

Question 18

If one is testing a goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio,how many degrees of freedom would be associated with the Chi- square analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 19

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Assume that a Chi- square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio and a Chi- square value of 10.62 was obtained.The null hypothesis should be accepted. 
B) With the test of a 3:1 ratio,there are three degrees of freedom. 
C) The large the Chi- square value,the more likely your results are real. 
D) Assume that a Chi- square test provided a probability value of 0.02.The null hypothesis should be accepted. 
E) Assume that a Chi- square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 3:1 ratio and that a Chi- square value of 2.62 was obtained.The null hypothesis should be accepted. 
A) Assume that a Chi- square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio and a Chi- square value of 10.62 was obtained.The null hypothesis should be accepted. 
B) With the test of a 3:1 ratio,there are three degrees of freedom. 
C) The large the Chi- square value,the more likely your results are real. 
D) Assume that a Chi- square test provided a probability value of 0.02.The null hypothesis should be accepted. 
E) Assume that a Chi- square test was conducted to test the goodness of fit to a 3:1 ratio and that a Chi- square value of 2.62 was obtained.The null hypothesis should be accepted.

Question 20

What are two typical testcross ratios?

Accepted Answer

A) 3:1 and 9:3:3:1 
B) 1:1 and 9:3:3:1 
C) 3:1 and 1:1:1:1 
D) 1:1 and 1:1:1:1 
A) 3:1 and 9:3:3:1 
B) 1:1 and 9:3:3:1 
C) 3:1 and 1:1:1:1 
D) 1:1 and 1:1:1:1

Exam 3: Mendelian Genetics

Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in testcrosses when dealing with two gene pairs for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability?

Which of the following describes the product law?

The Chi- square test involves a statistical comparison between measured observed and predicted expected)values.One generally determines degrees of freedom as __________.

What is segregation?

What is independent assortment?

Albinism,lack of pigmentation in humans,results from an autosomal recessive gene.Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child.What is the probability that their next three children will be wild type?

What conditions are likely to apply if the progeny from the cross AaBb × AaBb appear in the 9:3:3:1 ratio?

Which of the following groups of scientists were influential around the year 1900 in setting the stage for our present understanding of transmission genetics?

A certain type of congenital deafness in humans is caused by a rare autosomal dominant gene.In a mating involving a deaf man and a deaf woman,could all the children have normal hearing?

In what ways is sample size related to statistical testing?

Albinism,lack of pigmentation in humans,results from an autosomal recessive gene a .Two parents with normal pigmentation have an albino child.What is the probability that their next three children will be albino?

Mendel indicated that traits were made up of unit factors.Today,we call unit factors __________.

Which phenotypic ratio is likely to occur in crosses of two completely dominant,independently segregating gene pairs when both parents are fully heterozygous?

Assuming a typical monohybrid cross in which one allele is completely dominant to the other,what ratio is expected if the F1s are crossed?

According to Mendel's model,because of the__________ of chromosomes during meiosis,all possible combinations of gametes will be formed in equal frequency.

If one is testing a goodness of fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio,how many degrees of freedom would be associated with the Chi- square analysis?

Which of the following is true?

What are two typical testcross ratios?

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Extensions of Mendelian Genetics

Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Extranuclear Inheritance

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

DNA Organization in Chromosomes

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation,dna Repair,and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Epigenetic Regulation in Eukaryotes

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomic Analysis

Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

CRISPR and Genomic Editing

DNA Forensics

Genomics and Precision Medicine

Genetically Modified Foods

Gene Therapy

Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease

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