Question 1

The defense mechanism of bolstering one's self esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  compensation. 
B)  displacement. 
C)  regression. 
D)  identification. 
A)  compensation. 
B)  displacement. 
C)  regression. 
D)  identification.

Question 2

The Freudian period in which the child's sexuality is largely suppressed and the child focuses on expanding social contacts is

Accepted Answer

A)  anal stage. 
B)  genital stage. 
C)  phallic stage. 
D)  latency stage. 
A)  anal stage. 
B)  genital stage. 
C)  phallic stage. 
D)  latency stage.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of psychodynamic personality theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are characterized as having a sexist bias 
B)  they are often too vague to permit scientific evaluation 
C)  they suggest that people do not use defense mechanisms to reduce unpleasant emotions 
D)  scientific or empirical support for the theories is limited 
A)  they are characterized as having a sexist bias 
B)  they are often too vague to permit scientific evaluation 
C)  they suggest that people do not use defense mechanisms to reduce unpleasant emotions 
D)  scientific or empirical support for the theories is limited

Question 4

Which personality traits have been found to reduce the probability of divorce?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness and openness to experience 
B)  extraversion and agreeableness 
C)  agreeableness and conscientiousness 
D)  extraversion and openness to experience 
A)  agreeableness and openness to experience 
B)  extraversion and agreeableness 
C)  agreeableness and conscientiousness 
D)  extraversion and openness to experience

Question 5

Behavioral personality theories focus on

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual's freedom and potential for growth. 
B)  genetic factors. 
C)  unconscious mental forces. 
D)  learning. 
A)  an individual's freedom and potential for growth. 
B)  genetic factors. 
C)  unconscious mental forces. 
D)  learning.

Question 6

Joan is an unfailingly polite person who always considers the feelings of others. This tendency to act in a similar manner across situations is indicative of which of the following qualities of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  consistency 
B)  distinctiveness 
C)  reflexivity 
D)  social desirability 
A)  consistency 
B)  distinctiveness 
C)  reflexivity 
D)  social desirability

Question 7

Adler is to individual psychology as Jung is to

Accepted Answer

A)  depth psychology. 
B)  existential psychology. 
C)  analytical psychology. 
D)  Gestalt psychology. 
A)  depth psychology. 
B)  existential psychology. 
C)  analytical psychology. 
D)  Gestalt psychology.

Question 8

While cleaning up after her party last night, Angela forgot to put the leftover crab dip in the refrigerator. When she discovered the now spoiled dip in the morning, Angela said she didn't mind having to throw it out because it wasn't that good anyway. MOST likely, Angela is using

Accepted Answer

A)  reaction formation. 
B)  repression. 
C)  rationalization. 
D)  regression. 
A)  reaction formation. 
B)  repression. 
C)  rationalization. 
D)  regression.

Question 9

Julio is extremely dependable and productive, and his friends think he is great at organizing events. Based on the five-factor model of personality, Julio would probably score

Accepted Answer

A)  high in agreeableness. 
B)  low in neuroticism. 
C)  high in conscientiousness. 
D)  high in openness. 
A)  high in agreeableness. 
B)  low in neuroticism. 
C)  high in conscientiousness. 
D)  high in openness.

Question 10

Both Carl Jung and Alfred Adler were especially critical of Freud's emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  the influence of childhood experiences. 
B)  sexuality. 
C)  the unconscious. 
D)  defense mechanisms. 
A)  the influence of childhood experiences. 
B)  sexuality. 
C)  the unconscious. 
D)  defense mechanisms.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of psychodynamic theories of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of testability 
B)  sex bias against women 
C)  inadequate supportive evidence 
D)  over-emphasis on the importance of early childhood experiences 
A)  lack of testability 
B)  sex bias against women 
C)  inadequate supportive evidence 
D)  over-emphasis on the importance of early childhood experiences

Question 12

Which theorist argues that people have a strong need for affection, love and acceptance from others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Adler 
B)  Carl Rogers 
C)  Walter Mischel 
D)  Gordon Allport 
A)  Alfred Adler 
B)  Carl Rogers 
C)  Walter Mischel 
D)  Gordon Allport

Question 13

Graham lost over $10,000 on some bad investments in the stock market. Consequently he had to trade the Cadillac he had been leasing for a smaller, more economical car. He has been telling all his coworkers that he made the switch to do his part to stop pollution. According to Freud, Graham may be unconsciously dealing with his guilt and anxiety over his stock market losses using the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)  identification. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  projection. 
D)  reaction formation. 
A)  identification. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  projection. 
D)  reaction formation.

Question 14

In explaining why Cole is deceitful and has a tendency to lie, a psychologist who held a strong behavioral view toward personality development would consider Cole's

Accepted Answer

A)  role models. 
B)  previous learning experiences and his history of reinforcement. 
C)  self-concept and his interactions with others. 
D)  unconsciously repressed feelings of anger and hostility. 
A)  role models. 
B)  previous learning experiences and his history of reinforcement. 
C)  self-concept and his interactions with others. 
D)  unconsciously repressed feelings of anger and hostility.

Question 15

The stage of psychosexual development that runs from approximately ages three to six is

Accepted Answer

A)  latency. 
B)  phallic. 
C)  genital. 
D)  oral. 
A)  latency. 
B)  phallic. 
C)  genital. 
D)  oral.

Question 16

Sigmund Freud would have been LEAST likely to make which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most behavior is rooted in the unconscious. 
B)  Most of our behavior is rationally directed. 
C)  A great deal of our behavior and thoughts are symbolic of hidden motives. 
D)  Behavior is the outcome of an interaction among several components of personality. 
A)  Most behavior is rooted in the unconscious. 
B)  Most of our behavior is rationally directed. 
C)  A great deal of our behavior and thoughts are symbolic of hidden motives. 
D)  Behavior is the outcome of an interaction among several components of personality.

Question 17

The portion of the personality that mediates between instinctual demands and the world of reality is the

Accepted Answer

A)  ego. 
B)  superego. 
C)  id. 
D)  ego ideal. 
A)  ego. 
B)  superego. 
C)  id. 
D)  ego ideal.

Question 18

According to Rogers, the degree of disparity between one's self-concept and one's actual experience is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  inconsistency. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  incongruence. 
D)  congruence. 
A)  inconsistency. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  incongruence. 
D)  congruence.

Question 19

Ego is to reality principle as

Accepted Answer

A)  superego is to desire. 
B)  superego is to moral compass. 
C)  id is to executive principle. 
D)  id is to moral compass. 
A)  superego is to desire. 
B)  superego is to moral compass. 
C)  id is to executive principle. 
D)  id is to moral compass.

Question 20

The superego is Freud's term for

Accepted Answer

A)  the moral component of personality. 
B)  the biological impulses that drive our behavior. 
C)  the mediating agent between the other two components of personality. 
D)  the unconscious aspect of personality. 
A)  the moral component of personality. 
B)  the biological impulses that drive our behavior. 
C)  the mediating agent between the other two components of personality. 
D)  the unconscious aspect of personality.

Exam 23: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

The defense mechanism of bolstering one's self esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group is referred to as

The Freudian period in which the child's sexuality is largely suppressed and the child focuses on expanding social contacts is

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of psychodynamic personality theories?

Which personality traits have been found to reduce the probability of divorce?

Behavioral personality theories focus on

Joan is an unfailingly polite person who always considers the feelings of others. This tendency to act in a similar manner across situations is indicative of which of the following qualities of personality?

Adler is to individual psychology as Jung is to

While cleaning up after her party last night, Angela forgot to put the leftover crab dip in the refrigerator. When she discovered the now spoiled dip in the morning, Angela said she didn't mind having to throw it out because it wasn't that good anyway. MOST likely, Angela is using

Julio is extremely dependable and productive, and his friends think he is great at organizing events. Based on the five-factor model of personality, Julio would probably score

Both Carl Jung and Alfred Adler were especially critical of Freud's emphasis on

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of psychodynamic theories of personality?

Which theorist argues that people have a strong need for affection, love and acceptance from others?

In explaining why Cole is deceitful and has a tendency to lie, a psychologist who held a strong behavioral view toward personality development would consider Cole's

The stage of psychosexual development that runs from approximately ages three to six is

Sigmund Freud would have been LEAST likely to make which of the following statements?

The portion of the personality that mediates between instinctual demands and the world of reality is the

According to Rogers, the degree of disparity between one's self-concept and one's actual experience is termed

Ego is to reality principle as

The superego is Freud's term for

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

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The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

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