Question 1

Collecting the data in a research study is the ____________________ step in any scientific investigation.

Accepted Answer

third

Question 2

In psychology, MOST journal articles are

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptions of newly developed theories. 
B)  reports that describe original empirical studies. 
C)  criticisms of previously published research. 
D)  reviews that summarize and reconcile the findings from a large number of studies. 
A)  descriptions of newly developed theories. 
B)  reports that describe original empirical studies. 
C)  criticisms of previously published research. 
D)  reviews that summarize and reconcile the findings from a large number of studies. B

Question 3

Individuals who think critically do not rely on anecdotal evidence because this type of evidence

Accepted Answer

A)  is too general and can be applied to too many unrelated situations. 
B)  is based on inferential statistical analysis, which is generally unreliable. 
C)  can be distorted by reporting biases. 
D)  involves only negative instances, and cannot be used to make an unbiased decision. 
A)  is too general and can be applied to too many unrelated situations. 
B)  is based on inferential statistical analysis, which is generally unreliable. 
C)  can be distorted by reporting biases. 
D)  involves only negative instances, and cannot be used to make an unbiased decision. C

Question 4

Self-report methods are useful in psychology, but can be problematic due to the tendency for people to give socially appropriate answers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Most psychological journal articles include an abstract, an introduction, methods, results and discussion section and a list of bibliographic references.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The experimental procedure in which both the experimenter and subject are unaware of who is in the experimental and who is in the control group is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  placebo control procedure. 
B)  stereotaxic procedure. 
C)  single-blind procedure. 
D)  double-blind procedure. 
A)  placebo control procedure. 
B)  stereotaxic procedure. 
C)  single-blind procedure. 
D)  double-blind procedure.

Question 7

Melvin and Leigh are interviewing students at their campus to determine if the students agree or disagree with a proposed policy change. Melvin believes the proposed policy change is a good idea, but Leigh believes the change will be bad for students. Nearly all the students who Melvin interviewed supported the policy change, but nearly all the students who Leigh interviewed disapproved of the change. The differences in the results illustrate the potential impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect. 
B)  double-blind research studies. 
C)  confounded dependent variables. 
D)  experimenter bias. 
A)  the placebo effect. 
B)  double-blind research studies. 
C)  confounded dependent variables. 
D)  experimenter bias.

Question 8

Studies that have investigated the influence of anecdotal information have found that

Accepted Answer

A)  people are not influenced by anecdotal information, and tend to view it as non-representative and biased. 
B)  people tend to be influenced by anecdotal information, even when they are forewarned that the information is not representative. 
C)  people are only influenced by anecdotal evidence when they have not been forewarned that it may be misleading. 
D)  people are only influenced by anecdotal evidence when it is provided by someone they know and trust. 
A)  people are not influenced by anecdotal information, and tend to view it as non-representative and biased. 
B)  people tend to be influenced by anecdotal information, even when they are forewarned that the information is not representative. 
C)  people are only influenced by anecdotal evidence when they have not been forewarned that it may be misleading. 
D)  people are only influenced by anecdotal evidence when it is provided by someone they know and trust.

Question 9

A summary of research literature in psychology can be obtained by looking in

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychological Review. 
B)  PsychINFO. 
C)  Psychology Today. 
D)  the American Psychological Association home page. 
A)  Psychological Review. 
B)  PsychINFO. 
C)  Psychology Today. 
D)  the American Psychological Association home page.

Question 10

The organization or standard format of journal articles describing psychological research reflects or follows the

Accepted Answer

A)  preferences of the specific researcher. 
B)  goals of science. 
C)  steps involved in conducting scientific research. 
D)  unifying themes of psychology. 
A)  preferences of the specific researcher. 
B)  goals of science. 
C)  steps involved in conducting scientific research. 
D)  unifying themes of psychology.

Question 11

Briefly describe the steps involved in scientific psychological research.

Accepted Answer

All scienctific rese

Question 12

PsychINFO contains

Accepted Answer

A)  an alphabetical listing of the titles of all the psychological research studies published in a year. 
B)  the full text of articles published in 100 major psychological journals. 
C)  a descriptive listing of all the current web resources related to the field of psychology. 
D)  brief abstracts of psychological research published in journal articles, books, and chapters in edited books. 
A)  an alphabetical listing of the titles of all the psychological research studies published in a year. 
B)  the full text of articles published in 100 major psychological journals. 
C)  a descriptive listing of all the current web resources related to the field of psychology. 
D)  brief abstracts of psychological research published in journal articles, books, and chapters in edited books.

Question 13

Because additional statistical manipulations can be performed on it, in general, the most useful measure of central tendency is the mean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The American Psychological Association has developed a set of ethical guidelines for research that apply to both animal and human research participants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the concerns that has been raised regarding psychological research conducted over the Internet?

Accepted Answer

A)  The data are collected under less controlled conditions. 
B)  It is difficult or impossible to collect data from special populations. 
C)  The sample may be biased toward participants who are relatively young and affluent. 
D)  The participation rate tend to be lower than for a comparable non-Internet study. 
A)  The data are collected under less controlled conditions. 
B)  It is difficult or impossible to collect data from special populations. 
C)  The sample may be biased toward participants who are relatively young and affluent. 
D)  The participation rate tend to be lower than for a comparable non-Internet study.

Question 16

Reinhold is filling out the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and as he reads each question he thinks about the way most other people would probably respond. When he answers, he selects the alternative that he thinks will present the most favorable impression. Reinhold's answers reflect

Accepted Answer

A)  a social desirability bias. 
B)  a negative response set. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  non-representative sampling. 
A)  a social desirability bias. 
B)  a negative response set. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  non-representative sampling.

Question 17

Placebo effects and experimenter bias both show that personal experience can be ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Placebo effects and experimenter bias both show...

Question 18

Experimenter bias typically results in

Accepted Answer

A)  the effects of the bias disconfirming the experimenter's expectations. 
B)  the effects of the bias confirming the experimenter's expectations. 
C)  results that are not statistically significant. 
D)  the placebo effect. 
A)  the effects of the bias disconfirming the experimenter's expectations. 
B)  the effects of the bias confirming the experimenter's expectations. 
C)  results that are not statistically significant. 
D)  the placebo effect.

Question 19

The fact that research results can be affected by experimenter bias illustrates which of your text's unifying themes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
B)  Psychology is theoretically diverse. 
C)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
D)  Behavior is determined by multiple causes. 
A)  Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
B)  Psychology is theoretically diverse. 
C)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
D)  Behavior is determined by multiple causes.

Question 20

The fact that researchers focus their attention on findings that are unlikely to have occurred by chance illustrates which of your text's unifying themes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)  Psychology is empirical. 
C)  Behavior is determined by multiple causes. 
D)  Psychology is theoretically diverse. 
A)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)  Psychology is empirical. 
C)  Behavior is determined by multiple causes. 
D)  Psychology is theoretically diverse.

Exam 4: The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

Collecting the data in a research study is the ____________________ step in any scientific investigation.

In psychology, MOST journal articles are

Individuals who think critically do not rely on anecdotal evidence because this type of evidence

Self-report methods are useful in psychology, but can be problematic due to the tendency for people to give socially appropriate answers.

Most psychological journal articles include an abstract, an introduction, methods, results and discussion section and a list of bibliographic references.

The experimental procedure in which both the experimenter and subject are unaware of who is in the experimental and who is in the control group is referred to as the

Studies that have investigated the influence of anecdotal information have found that

A summary of research literature in psychology can be obtained by looking in

The organization or standard format of journal articles describing psychological research reflects or follows the

Briefly describe the steps involved in scientific psychological research.

PsychINFO contains

Because additional statistical manipulations can be performed on it, in general, the most useful measure of central tendency is the mean.

The American Psychological Association has developed a set of ethical guidelines for research that apply to both animal and human research participants.

Which of the following is NOT one of the concerns that has been raised regarding psychological research conducted over the Internet?

Placebo effects and experimenter bias both show that personal experience can be ____________________.

Experimenter bias typically results in

The fact that research results can be affected by experimenter bias illustrates which of your text's unifying themes?

The fact that researchers focus their attention on findings that are unlikely to have occurred by chance illustrates which of your text's unifying themes?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

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