Question 1

Findings from recent studies suggest that people adjust their tactics of attraction as a function of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  their own physical attractiveness 
B)  the number of previous relationships they've had 
C)  the quantity of financial resources at their disposal 
D)  whether they are pursuing a short-term or long-term relationship 
A)  their own physical attractiveness 
B)  the number of previous relationships they've had 
C)  the quantity of financial resources at their disposal 
D)  whether they are pursuing a short-term or long-term relationship D

Question 2

Imagine that you recently obtained a job that you applied for. According to Weiner's attributional model, if you state: "I knew I would get the job because I just seemed to do everything right on the day of the interview," you have made an

Accepted Answer

A)  external-unstable attribution. 
B)  internal-unstable attribution. 
C)  external-stable attribution. 
D)  internal-stable attribution. 
A)  external-unstable attribution. 
B)  internal-unstable attribution. 
C)  external-stable attribution. 
D)  internal-stable attribution. B

Question 3

According to the ____ we tend to date people who are similar to ourselves in physical attractiveness.

Accepted Answer

A)  foot-in-the-door techniques 
B)  primacy effect 
C)  matching hypothesis 
D)  reciprocity 
A)  foot-in-the-door techniques 
B)  primacy effect 
C)  matching hypothesis 
D)  reciprocity C

Question 4

When asked about the consequences of a specific event, such as a robbery, Asian subjects

Accepted Answer

A)  estimate far more people will be effected than Western participants do. 
B)  estimate far fewer people will be effected than Western participants do. 
C)  are less likely to experience cognitive dissonance. 
D)  are more likely to experience cognitive dissonance. 
A)  estimate far more people will be effected than Western participants do. 
B)  estimate far fewer people will be effected than Western participants do. 
C)  are less likely to experience cognitive dissonance. 
D)  are more likely to experience cognitive dissonance.

Question 5

According to the self-serving bias, when people experience success, they tend to make ____ attributions and when they experience failure, they tend to make ____ attributions.

Accepted Answer

A)  external; external 
B)  internal; internal 
C)  external; internal 
D)  internal; external 
A)  external; external 
B)  internal; internal 
C)  external; internal 
D)  internal; external

Question 6

Edith is making a class presentation in which she is trying to convince the other students that a proposed change in the requirements for an Education degree will be beneficial in the long run. Based on the research into factors which influence persuasion, Edith will be MOST persuasive if she

Accepted Answer

A)  presents only the advantages associated with the proposed change. 
B)  presents only the disadvantages associated with the proposed change. 
C)  is able to arouse cognitive dissonance among her classmates. 
D)  presents both the advantages and disadvantages associated with the proposed change. 
A)  presents only the advantages associated with the proposed change. 
B)  presents only the disadvantages associated with the proposed change. 
C)  is able to arouse cognitive dissonance among her classmates. 
D)  presents both the advantages and disadvantages associated with the proposed change.

Question 7

Cognitive dissonance refers to the state one is in when

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs are contrary to one's peer group. 
B)  cognitions are inconsistent. 
C)  behaviors are socially undesirable. 
D)  interpersonal relationships are unbalanced. 
A)  beliefs are contrary to one's peer group. 
B)  cognitions are inconsistent. 
C)  behaviors are socially undesirable. 
D)  interpersonal relationships are unbalanced.

Question 8

According to evolutionary psychologists, which of the following characteristics in a prospective mate would be the LEAST important consideration for a woman seeking a mate?

Accepted Answer

A)  ambition 
B)  social status 
C)  financial potential 
D)  physical attractiveness 
A)  ambition 
B)  social status 
C)  financial potential 
D)  physical attractiveness

Question 9

Joel and Kirk both work with a stock brokerage firm. Joel is considered to be extremely attractive, and Kirk is considered to be average in appearance. Based on research that has investigated the effects of physical appearance in person perception, you should predict that

Accepted Answer

A)  Joel will tend to receive better performance evaluations than Kirk, for equivalent work. 
B)  Kirk will tend to receive better performance evaluations than Joel, for equivalent work. 
C)  Joel will be perceived as having greater integrity and being more honest. 
D)  Kirk will be perceived as being more submissive and naïve. 
A)  Joel will tend to receive better performance evaluations than Kirk, for equivalent work. 
B)  Kirk will tend to receive better performance evaluations than Joel, for equivalent work. 
C)  Joel will be perceived as having greater integrity and being more honest. 
D)  Kirk will be perceived as being more submissive and naïve.

Question 10

A recent anti-smoking campaign on television showed graphic images of the internal effects of smoking. Twelve-year-old Kandice has seen a number of these ads, and they made her feel nauseated. Now she finds that she has developed an unfavorable attitude toward smoking. In this case, Kandice's attitude appears to have developed as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  classical conditioning. 
A)  observational learning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  cognitive dissonance. 
D)  classical conditioning.

Question 11

Laura is planning to buy a new car, and she is trying to decide between a Ford and a Honda. Based on the research into factors which influence persuasion, Laura should be MOST persuaded by statements made by

Accepted Answer

A)  a Ford salesperson who recommends buying a Honda rather than a Ford. 
B)  a Honda salesperson who recommends buying a Honda. 
C)  her mother, because family members are more persuasive than strangers. 
D)  her boyfriend, because males are more persuasive than females. 
A)  a Ford salesperson who recommends buying a Honda rather than a Ford. 
B)  a Honda salesperson who recommends buying a Honda. 
C)  her mother, because family members are more persuasive than strangers. 
D)  her boyfriend, because males are more persuasive than females.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a major characteristic of successful persuasive communications that involve fear appeals? The negative consequences described

Accepted Answer

A)  are very unpleasant 
B)  are associated with one's physical health 
C)  are likely to occur if one does not follow the advice 
D)  are avoidable if one follows the advice 
A)  are very unpleasant 
B)  are associated with one's physical health 
C)  are likely to occur if one does not follow the advice 
D)  are avoidable if one follows the advice

Question 13

According to evolutionary theorists, which of the following factors is likely to be the MOST important for a female seeking a prospective mate?

Accepted Answer

A)  social status 
B)  youthfulness 
C)  physical strength 
D)  physical attractiveness 
A)  social status 
B)  youthfulness 
C)  physical strength 
D)  physical attractiveness

Question 14

Eric has a favorable attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards" rock band. He buys every CD they release, as soon as it is available. He also has both of the band's music videos, and he has been to six of the band's live concerts. These actions form part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  affective component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
B)  behavioral component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
C)  cognitive component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
D)  physiological component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
A)  affective component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
B)  behavioral component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
C)  cognitive component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards." 
D)  physiological component of Eric's attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards."

Question 15

Putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to is called

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivism. 
B)  functionalism. 
C)  individualism. 
D)  attributionism. 
A)  collectivism. 
B)  functionalism. 
C)  individualism. 
D)  attributionism.

Question 16

Martha wins three games of backgammon in a row, even though she has never played before. If Martha assumes she has "beginner's luck," she is making an ____ attribution about her success; if she decides backgammon is an easy game, she is making an ____ attribution about her success.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal-stable; internal-unstable 
B)  internal-unstable; external-unstable 
C)  external-unstable; internal-stable 
D)  external-unstable; external-stable 
A)  internal-stable; internal-unstable 
B)  internal-unstable; external-unstable 
C)  external-unstable; internal-stable 
D)  external-unstable; external-stable

Question 17

According to the notion of defensive attribution, we tend to explain the setbacks that befall other people in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  internal causes. 
B)  external causes. 
C)  stable causes. 
D)  defensive causes. 
A)  internal causes. 
B)  external causes. 
C)  stable causes. 
D)  defensive causes.

Question 18

Recent research has shown that if an observer has experienced the same situation as the actor

Accepted Answer

A)  defensive attributions are reduced. 
B)  defensive attributions increase. 
C)  the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error is reduced. 
D)  the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error increases. 
A)  defensive attributions are reduced. 
B)  defensive attributions increase. 
C)  the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error is reduced. 
D)  the tendency to make the fundamental attribution error increases.

Question 19

Evolutionary psychologists ascribe much of the bias in person perception to cognitive mechanisms that have been shaped by

Accepted Answer

A)  parental attitudes. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  childhood experiences. 
D)  relationships with others. 
A)  parental attitudes. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  childhood experiences. 
D)  relationships with others.

Question 20

What is the main reason we tend to make attributions about the causes of events, others' behavior, and our own behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  We have a strong need to understand our experiences. 
B)  Attribution making was selected for at some point in our ancestral past. 
C)  We have an unconscious urge to psychoanalyze the behavior of others. 
D)  Having access to information about others tends to fulfill our need for power. 
A)  We have a strong need to understand our experiences. 
B)  Attribution making was selected for at some point in our ancestral past. 
C)  We have an unconscious urge to psychoanalyze the behavior of others. 
D)  Having access to information about others tends to fulfill our need for power.

Exam 31: Social Behavior Part 1

Findings from recent studies suggest that people adjust their tactics of attraction as a function of which of the following?

Imagine that you recently obtained a job that you applied for. According to Weiner's attributional model, if you state: "I knew I would get the job because I just seemed to do everything right on the day of the interview," you have made an

According to the ____ we tend to date people who are similar to ourselves in physical attractiveness.

When asked about the consequences of a specific event, such as a robbery, Asian subjects

According to the self-serving bias, when people experience success, they tend to make ____ attributions and when they experience failure, they tend to make ____ attributions.

Edith is making a class presentation in which she is trying to convince the other students that a proposed change in the requirements for an Education degree will be beneficial in the long run. Based on the research into factors which influence persuasion, Edith will be MOST persuasive if she

Cognitive dissonance refers to the state one is in when

According to evolutionary psychologists, which of the following characteristics in a prospective mate would be the LEAST important consideration for a woman seeking a mate?

Joel and Kirk both work with a stock brokerage firm. Joel is considered to be extremely attractive, and Kirk is considered to be average in appearance. Based on research that has investigated the effects of physical appearance in person perception, you should predict that

Laura is planning to buy a new car, and she is trying to decide between a Ford and a Honda. Based on the research into factors which influence persuasion, Laura should be MOST persuaded by statements made by

Which of the following is NOT a major characteristic of successful persuasive communications that involve fear appeals? The negative consequences described

According to evolutionary theorists, which of the following factors is likely to be the MOST important for a female seeking a prospective mate?

Eric has a favorable attitude toward the "Twisted Lizards" rock band. He buys every CD they release, as soon as it is available. He also has both of the band's music videos, and he has been to six of the band's live concerts. These actions form part of the

Putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to is called

Martha wins three games of backgammon in a row, even though she has never played before. If Martha assumes she has "beginner's luck," she is making an ____ attribution about her success; if she decides backgammon is an easy game, she is making an ____ attribution about her success.

According to the notion of defensive attribution, we tend to explain the setbacks that befall other people in terms of

Recent research has shown that if an observer has experienced the same situation as the actor

Evolutionary psychologists ascribe much of the bias in person perception to cognitive mechanisms that have been shaped by

What is the main reason we tend to make attributions about the causes of events, others' behavior, and our own behavior?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

Filters

According to the self-serving bias, when people experience success, they tend to make attributions and when they experience failure, they tend to make attributions.

Martha wins three games of backgammon in a row, even though she has never played before. If Martha assumes she has "beginner's luck," she is making an attribution about her success; if she decides backgammon is an easy game, she is making an attribution about her success.