Question 1

The tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way, defines

Accepted Answer

A)  defensive attributions. 
B)  offensive attributions. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  the fundamental attribution error. 
A)  defensive attributions. 
B)  offensive attributions. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  the fundamental attribution error.

Question 2

Cognitive dissonance theory accounts for Festinger and Carlsmith's (1959) results by proposing that subjects paid

Accepted Answer

A)  $1 to lie felt little cognitive dissonance. 
B)  $1 to lie had sufficient justification for their counterattitudinal behavior. 
C)  $20 to lie felt high cognitive dissonance. 
D)  $20 to lie had sufficient justification for their counterattitudinal behavior and experienced little dissonance. 
A)  $1 to lie felt little cognitive dissonance. 
B)  $1 to lie had sufficient justification for their counterattitudinal behavior. 
C)  $20 to lie felt high cognitive dissonance. 
D)  $20 to lie had sufficient justification for their counterattitudinal behavior and experienced little dissonance.

Question 3

A psychologist with which of the following orientations is most likely to analyze romantic relationships in terms of the adaptive problems they have presented over the course of human history?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  humanistic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  behavioral 
B)  humanistic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  psychodynamic

Question 4

Cross-cultural studies on mate preferences find that people all over the world value all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  kindness. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  good health. 
D)  passion. 
A)  kindness. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  good health. 
D)  passion.

Question 5

Research on physical attractiveness has shown that

Accepted Answer

A)  most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of people. 
B)  judgments of women's personalities are affected by their physical attractiveness, but judgments of men's personalities are not. 
C)  we tend to ascribe desirable personality characteristics to good-looking people. 
D)  men are more likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance. 
A)  most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of people. 
B)  judgments of women's personalities are affected by their physical attractiveness, but judgments of men's personalities are not. 
C)  we tend to ascribe desirable personality characteristics to good-looking people. 
D)  men are more likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance.

Question 6

Celine just heard that her neighbor, Rodney, was involved in an automobile accident. If Celine concludes that Rodney's children distracted him for a few seconds, and that was the reason for the accident, she has

Accepted Answer

A)  made an external attribution. 
B)  made an internal attribution. 
C)  made the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  been influenced by an illusory correlation. 
A)  made an external attribution. 
B)  made an internal attribution. 
C)  made the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  been influenced by an illusory correlation.

Question 7

Zhou was born and raised in China; Myron was born and raised in the United States. When asked about the consequences of a specific event, such as a robber, Zhou is

Accepted Answer

A)  likely to estimate that many people will be effected by the event than Myron. 
B)  likely to estimate that fewer people will be effected by the event than Myron. 
C)  less likely to experience cognitive dissonance than Myron. 
D)  more likely to experience cognitive dissonance than Myron. 
A)  likely to estimate that many people will be effected by the event than Myron. 
B)  likely to estimate that fewer people will be effected by the event than Myron. 
C)  less likely to experience cognitive dissonance than Myron. 
D)  more likely to experience cognitive dissonance than Myron.

Question 8

When an individual has a tendency to attribute her success to personal factors and her failure to situational factors, the individual is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution bias. 
B)  the self-effacing bias. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  defensive attribution. 
A)  the fundamental attribution bias. 
B)  the self-effacing bias. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  defensive attribution.

Question 9

According to Hazan and Shaver's model of infant attachment and romantic love, adults with which of the following attachment styles are most likely to have satisfying, interdependent, and long-lasting relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  secure 
B)  insecure 
C)  avoidant 
D)  anxious-ambivalent 
A)  secure 
B)  insecure 
C)  avoidant 
D)  anxious-ambivalent

Question 10

Simply repeating a message causes it to be perceived as more true. This finding is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  validity effect. 
B)  contrast effect. 
C)  exposure effect. 
D)  reiteration effect. 
A)  validity effect. 
B)  contrast effect. 
C)  exposure effect. 
D)  reiteration effect.

Question 11

The degree to which people worry their partners will not be available when needed, is

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment anxiety. 
B)  attachment avoidance. 
C)  attachment immaturity. 
D)  attachment dismissal. 
A)  attachment anxiety. 
B)  attachment avoidance. 
C)  attachment immaturity. 
D)  attachment dismissal.

Question 12

The "Ask Elsa" advice columnist is reading a letter from "Concerned" describing a friend who is failing at school. "Concerned" writes that most of the friend's problems result from a lack of personal responsibility and maturity. The "Ask Elsa" columnist realizes that many times people invent "friends" in order to ask for advice about their own problems. In this case the columnist should conclude that, because "Concerned" has made

Accepted Answer

A)  external attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter really is about a friend and not about "Concerned." 
B)  internal attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter is really about "Concerned," and not about a friend. 
C)  external attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter is really about "Concerned," and not about a friend. 
D)  internal attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter really is about a friend and not about "Concerned." 
A)  external attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter really is about a friend and not about "Concerned." 
B)  internal attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter is really about "Concerned," and not about a friend. 
C)  external attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter is really about "Concerned," and not about a friend. 
D)  internal attributions for the friend's behavior, the letter really is about a friend and not about "Concerned."

Question 13

Love as the basis for marriage is

Accepted Answer

A)  unique to the United States 
B)  a product of Asian collectivism 
C)  virtually universal across all cultures 
D)  an 18th-century invention of Western culture 
A)  unique to the United States 
B)  a product of Asian collectivism 
C)  virtually universal across all cultures 
D)  an 18th-century invention of Western culture

Question 14

According to the romantic love as an attachment perspective, one's intimate relationships in adulthood follow the same form as one's attachments first formed

Accepted Answer

A)  to caregivers in infancy. 
B)  to peers in childhood. 
C)  to one's adult role models in childhood. 
D)  to one's first romantic partners in adolescence. 
A)  to caregivers in infancy. 
B)  to peers in childhood. 
C)  to one's adult role models in childhood. 
D)  to one's first romantic partners in adolescence.

Question 15

Eric has joined a new fraternity. Based on the research conducted by Krebs and Denton, if the other fraternity members now consider Eric as part of their ingroup, they are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  view him in somewhat negative terms. 
B)  pay less attention to his actions and ideas. 
C)  remember things that he does with greater accuracy. 
D)  view him in a generally positive light. 
A)  view him in somewhat negative terms. 
B)  pay less attention to his actions and ideas. 
C)  remember things that he does with greater accuracy. 
D)  view him in a generally positive light.

Question 16

Cross-cultural studies on gender differences in mate preferences find that males place a higher priority on

Accepted Answer

A)  physical attractiveness. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  good health. 
D)  social status. 
A)  physical attractiveness. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  good health. 
D)  social status.

Question 17

People who are physically attractive are viewed as ____ than less attractive people.

Accepted Answer

A)  more conceited and insecure and less competent 
B)  more sociable and poised and less competent 
C)  more friendly, well adjusted, and competent 
D)  more arrogant, insecure, and competent 
A)  more conceited and insecure and less competent 
B)  more sociable and poised and less competent 
C)  more friendly, well adjusted, and competent 
D)  more arrogant, insecure, and competent

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning interpersonal attraction is NOT accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals tend to like others who like them 
B)  couples tend to be similar in many respects 
C)  physical attractiveness has a small to moderate influence on romantic attraction 
D)  individuals who perceive their partner as matching their ideal standards are more satisfied with their relationships 
A)  individuals tend to like others who like them 
B)  couples tend to be similar in many respects 
C)  physical attractiveness has a small to moderate influence on romantic attraction 
D)  individuals who perceive their partner as matching their ideal standards are more satisfied with their relationships

Question 19

Research has shown that initial attraction

Accepted Answer

A)  to someone is minimally influenced by that person's physical attractiveness. 
B)  is greatly influenced by that person's physical attractiveness. 
C)  is more influenced by personality similarity than by physical attractiveness. 
D)  is greatly influenced by perceived intellectual similarity. 
A)  to someone is minimally influenced by that person's physical attractiveness. 
B)  is greatly influenced by that person's physical attractiveness. 
C)  is more influenced by personality similarity than by physical attractiveness. 
D)  is greatly influenced by perceived intellectual similarity.

Question 20

Which of the following theories proposes that we often infer our attitudes from observations of our own behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance theory 
B)  learning theory 
C)  balance theory 
D)  self-perception theory 
A)  cognitive dissonance theory 
B)  learning theory 
C)  balance theory 
D)  self-perception theory

Exam 31: Social Behavior Part 1

The tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way, defines

Cognitive dissonance theory accounts for Festinger and Carlsmith's (1959) results by proposing that subjects paid

A psychologist with which of the following orientations is most likely to analyze romantic relationships in terms of the adaptive problems they have presented over the course of human history?

Cross-cultural studies on mate preferences find that people all over the world value all of the following EXCEPT

Research on physical attractiveness has shown that

Celine just heard that her neighbor, Rodney, was involved in an automobile accident. If Celine concludes that Rodney's children distracted him for a few seconds, and that was the reason for the accident, she has

Zhou was born and raised in China; Myron was born and raised in the United States. When asked about the consequences of a specific event, such as a robber, Zhou is

When an individual has a tendency to attribute her success to personal factors and her failure to situational factors, the individual is demonstrating

According to Hazan and Shaver's model of infant attachment and romantic love, adults with which of the following attachment styles are most likely to have satisfying, interdependent, and long-lasting relationships?

Simply repeating a message causes it to be perceived as more true. This finding is known as the

The degree to which people worry their partners will not be available when needed, is

Love as the basis for marriage is

According to the romantic love as an attachment perspective, one's intimate relationships in adulthood follow the same form as one's attachments first formed

Eric has joined a new fraternity. Based on the research conducted by Krebs and Denton, if the other fraternity members now consider Eric as part of their ingroup, they are more likely to

Cross-cultural studies on gender differences in mate preferences find that males place a higher priority on

People who are physically attractive are viewed as ____ than less attractive people.

Which of the following statements concerning interpersonal attraction is NOT accurate?

Research has shown that initial attraction

Which of the following theories proposes that we often infer our attitudes from observations of our own behavior?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

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