Question 1

Which of the following is used to characterize a material as either a neurotransmitter or a hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  its chemical composition 
B)  its physiological behavior 
C)  both a and b 
D)  either a or b 
A)  its chemical composition 
B)  its physiological behavior 
C)  both a and b 
D)  either a or b

Question 2

Adenylate cyclase produces cAMP by acting on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenosine 
B)  ADP 
C)  AMP 
D)  ATP 
A)  adenosine 
B)  ADP 
C)  AMP 
D)  ATP

Question 3

Which of the following messengers acts directly?

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine 
B)  estradiol 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these 
A)  epinephrine 
B)  estradiol 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these

Question 4

Which of the following is associated with signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  amplification of a signal 
B)  modification of a signal 
C)  modulation of a signal 
D)  none of these 
A)  amplification of a signal 
B)  modification of a signal 
C)  modulation of a signal 
D)  none of these

Question 5

Substance P does which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate appetite 
B)  suppress appetite 
C)  suppress pain 
D)  transmit pain signals 
A)  stimulate appetite 
B)  suppress appetite 
C)  suppress pain 
D)  transmit pain signals

Question 6

Consider the following diagram of a neuron.  
-A neurotransmitter carries the electric signal between which of the following sets of points indicated by letters?

Accepted Answer

A)  A to B 
B)  A to C 
C)  B to C 
A)  A to B 
B)  A to C 
C)  B to C

Question 7

Which of the following is the hair-like part of a nerve cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  the axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  the synapse 
D)  the vesicle 
A)  the axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  the synapse 
D)  the vesicle

Question 8

Which of the following activates the receptor sites for enkephalins?

Accepted Answer

A)  curare 
B)  opiates 
C)  nicotine 
D)  none of these 
A)  curare 
B)  opiates 
C)  nicotine 
D)  none of these

Question 9

Which of the following is associated with Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  improper functioning of the acetylcholine receptor 
B)  improper release of the acetylcholine messenger 
C)  improper synthesis of acetylcholine 
D)  improper synthesis of the acetylcholine messenger 
A)  improper functioning of the acetylcholine receptor 
B)  improper release of the acetylcholine messenger 
C)  improper synthesis of acetylcholine 
D)  improper synthesis of the acetylcholine messenger

Question 10

Which of the following is true of the G-protein−adenylate cyclase cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is only associated with monoamine messengers. 
B)  It is only associated with peptidergic messengers. 
C)  It is associated with both monoamine and peptidergic messengers. 
D)  It is associated with neither monoamine nor peptidergic messengers. 
A)  It is only associated with monoamine messengers. 
B)  It is only associated with peptidergic messengers. 
C)  It is associated with both monoamine and peptidergic messengers. 
D)  It is associated with neither monoamine nor peptidergic messengers.

Question 11

The anti-ulcer drug cimetidine blocks which of the following receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  only H1 
B)  only H2 
C)  both H1 and H2 
D)  neither H1 nor H2 
A)  only H1 
B)  only H2 
C)  both H1 and H2 
D)  neither H1 nor H2

Question 12

Which of the following is a secondary messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP 
B)  estradiol 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these 
A)  cAMP 
B)  estradiol 
C)  vasopressin 
D)  none of these

Question 13

Which of the following gaseous molecules functions as a secondary messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  NH3 
B)  N2O 
C)  NO 
D)  NO2 
A)  NH3 
B)  N2O 
C)  NO 
D)  NO2

Question 14

Which of the following competes with a natural messenger and stimulates a receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  an agonist 
B)  an antagonist 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  an agonist 
B)  an antagonist 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 15

Secondary messengers perform which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmission of a message from one cell to another 
B)  transmission of a message from the cell surface to its interior 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  transmission of a message from one cell to another 
B)  transmission of a message from the cell surface to its interior 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 16

Which of the following is true of the receptors for steroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are hydrophobic. 
B)  They are proteins. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  They are hydrophobic. 
B)  They are proteins. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 17

Which of the following is true of peptidergic messengers?

Accepted Answer

A)  None act directly, they all require a secondary messenger. 
B)  They all utilize G-protein-adenylate cyclase in a second messenger system. 
C)  They all use derivatives of phosphatidylinositol in a second messenger system. 
D)  None of the above is true. 
A)  None act directly, they all require a secondary messenger. 
B)  They all utilize G-protein-adenylate cyclase in a second messenger system. 
C)  They all use derivatives of phosphatidylinositol in a second messenger system. 
D)  None of the above is true.

Question 18

Which of the following ions can pass through the open channel of the acetylcholine receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 19

Which small molecule is produced when histamine is synthesized from histidine?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  HCl 
C)  H2O 
D)  NO 
A)  CO2 
B)  HCl 
C)  H2O 
D)  NO

Question 20

Consider the following diagram of a neuron.  
-Which of the following distinguishes a neurotransmitter from a hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  the diversity of compounds in the classification 
B)  the chemical structure of the compounds 
C)  the source of the compound 
D)  the distance over which it acts 
E)  all of the above 
A)  the diversity of compounds in the classification 
B)  the chemical structure of the compounds 
C)  the source of the compound 
D)  the distance over which it acts 
E)  all of the above

Exam 24: Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Which of the following is used to characterize a material as either a neurotransmitter or a hormone?

Adenylate cyclase produces cAMP by acting on which of the following?

Which of the following messengers acts directly?

Which of the following is associated with signal transduction?

Substance P does which of the following?

Consider the following diagram of a neuron. -A neurotransmitter carries the electric signal between which of the following sets of points indicated by letters?

Which of the following is the hair-like part of a nerve cell?

Which of the following activates the receptor sites for enkephalins?

Which of the following is associated with Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following is true of the G-protein−adenylate cyclase cascade?

The anti-ulcer drug cimetidine blocks which of the following receptors?

Which of the following is a secondary messenger?

Which of the following gaseous molecules functions as a secondary messenger?

Which of the following competes with a natural messenger and stimulates a receptor?

Secondary messengers perform which of the following functions?

Which of the following is true of the receptors for steroid hormones?

Which of the following is true of peptidergic messengers?

Which of the following ions can pass through the open channel of the acetylcholine receptor?

Which small molecule is produced when histamine is synthesized from histidine?

Consider the following diagram of a neuron. -Which of the following distinguishes a neurotransmitter from a hormone?

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