Question 1

Which of the following activates the receptor sites for acetylcholine?

Accepted Answer

A)  curare 
B)  nicotine 
C)  opiates 
D)  none of these 
A)  curare 
B)  nicotine 
C)  opiates 
D)  none of these

Question 2

Which portion of an enkephalin is believed to fit the receptor site?

Accepted Answer

A)  the C-terminus 
B)  the entire molecule 
C)  the middle amino acid 
D)  the N-terminus 
A)  the C-terminus 
B)  the entire molecule 
C)  the middle amino acid 
D)  the N-terminus

Question 3

By which of the following mechanisms do steroid hormones cross plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  active transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 4

Which of the following carry messages from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary messengers 
B)  secondary messengers. 
C)  both (a) and (b) 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). 
A)  primary messengers 
B)  secondary messengers. 
C)  both (a) and (b) 
D)  neither (a) nor (b).

Question 5

Which of the following is a secondary messenger associated with acetylcholine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Mg2+ 
D)  H+ 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Mg2+ 
D)  H+

Question 6

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)  aspartic acid 
B)  cysteine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these 
A)  aspartic acid 
B)  cysteine 
C)  taurine 
D)  none of these

Question 7

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is a receptor for which of the following amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  aspartic acid 
B)  asparagine 
C)  glutamic acid. 
D)  glutamine. 
A)  aspartic acid 
B)  asparagine 
C)  glutamic acid. 
D)  glutamine.

Question 8

Which of the following blocks the receptor sites for enkephalins?

Accepted Answer

A)  curare 
B)  morphine 
C)  opiates 
D)  none of these 
A)  curare 
B)  morphine 
C)  opiates 
D)  none of these

Question 9

Which of the following diseases is associated with the overproduction of cAMP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's 
B)  cholera 
C)  Parkinson's 
D)  none of these 
A)  Alzheimer's 
B)  cholera 
C)  Parkinson's 
D)  none of these

Question 10

Which of the following is the most universal signaling agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  K+ 
D)  Cl- 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  K+ 
D)  Cl-

Question 11

Where are neurotransmitters stored in a nerve cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  the axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  the synapse 
D)  the vesicle 
A)  the axon 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  the synapse 
D)  the vesicle

Question 12

Which of the following is true of nicotine?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an agonist at all doses. 
B)  It is an antagonist at all doses. 
C)  It is an agonist at low doses but an antagonist at high doses. 
D)  It is an agonist at high doses but an antagonist at low doses. 
A)  It is an agonist at all doses. 
B)  It is an antagonist at all doses. 
C)  It is an agonist at low doses but an antagonist at high doses. 
D)  It is an agonist at high doses but an antagonist at low doses.

Question 13

Which of the following won a Nobel Prize for studies of signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  K. Mullis 
B)  M. Nirenberg 
C)  M. Rodbell 
D)  R. Roberts 
A)  K. Mullis 
B)  M. Nirenberg 
C)  M. Rodbell 
D)  R. Roberts

Question 14

Which of the following is true of a hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is produced at the site of its action. 
B)  It is produced at one location and then transported to its site of action. 
C)  Either a or b is true, depending on the hormone. 
D)  Neither a nor b is true. 
A)  It is produced at the site of its action. 
B)  It is produced at one location and then transported to its site of action. 
C)  Either a or b is true, depending on the hormone. 
D)  Neither a nor b is true.

Question 15

What name is used from the gap between the tip of a nerve cell and its target?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  synapse 
D)  vesicle 
A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  synapse 
D)  vesicle

Question 16

Which of the following blocks a receptor and prevents its stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  an agonist 
B)  an antagonist 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  an agonist 
B)  an antagonist 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 17

Which of the following is the time frame for amplification of a signal by cAMP?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 10 milliseconds 
B)  10 to 100 milliseconds 
C)  0.1 second to a few minutes 
D)  more than 5 minutes 
A)  1 to 10 milliseconds 
B)  10 to 100 milliseconds 
C)  0.1 second to a few minutes 
D)  more than 5 minutes

Question 18

Which of the following diseases is associated with insufficient dopamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's 
B)  cholera 
C)  Parkinson's 
D)  none of these 
A)  Alzheimer's 
B)  cholera 
C)  Parkinson's 
D)  none of these

Question 19

The reaction which deactivates monoamines by converting them to aldehydes is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  reduction 
A)  condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  reduction

Question 20

Consider the following diagram of a neuron.  
-If the nerve impulse travels from the top of the diagram downward, which number represents the location of the receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Exam 24: Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Which of the following activates the receptor sites for acetylcholine?

Which portion of an enkephalin is believed to fit the receptor site?

By which of the following mechanisms do steroid hormones cross plasma membranes?

Which of the following carry messages from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

Which of the following is a secondary messenger associated with acetylcholine?

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is a receptor for which of the following amino acids?

Which of the following blocks the receptor sites for enkephalins?

Which of the following diseases is associated with the overproduction of cAMP?

Which of the following is the most universal signaling agent?

Where are neurotransmitters stored in a nerve cell?

Which of the following is true of nicotine?

Which of the following won a Nobel Prize for studies of signal transduction?

Which of the following is true of a hormone?

What name is used from the gap between the tip of a nerve cell and its target?

Which of the following blocks a receptor and prevents its stimulation?

Which of the following is the time frame for amplification of a signal by cAMP?

Which of the following diseases is associated with insufficient dopamine?

The reaction which deactivates monoamines by converting them to aldehydes is which of the following?

Consider the following diagram of a neuron. -If the nerve impulse travels from the top of the diagram downward, which number represents the location of the receptors?

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