Question 1

What is the name given to a sequence of three bases on mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  anticodon 
B)  codon 
C)  recognition site 
D)  synthesis site 
A)  anticodon 
B)  codon 
C)  recognition site 
D)  synthesis site

Question 2

How many initiation codons are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20

Question 3

Which of the following must occur so that the pre-initiation complex can be converted to the open complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
B)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
C)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
D)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
A)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
B)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
C)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
D)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated.

Question 4

Which of the following is suggestive that mitochondria may have been an ancient entity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria produce energy 
B)  Some exceptions to the genetic code are found in mitochondrial DNA. 
C)  Mitochondrial DNA is passed only through the female line. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  Mitochondria produce energy 
B)  Some exceptions to the genetic code are found in mitochondrial DNA. 
C)  Mitochondrial DNA is passed only through the female line. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Question 5

Which base will be added to the growing mRNA if the base on the DNA template is adenine?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosine 
B)  guanine 
C)  thymine 
D)  uracil 
A)  cytosine 
B)  guanine 
C)  thymine 
D)  uracil

Question 6

How does a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognize its tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  by the anticodon loop of tRNA 
B)  by the residue at the 3' end of the tRNA 
C)  by the residue at the 5' end of the tRNA 
D)  By a nucleotide sequence on the tRNA which may or may not include the anticodon loop. 
A)  by the anticodon loop of tRNA 
B)  by the residue at the 3' end of the tRNA 
C)  by the residue at the 5' end of the tRNA 
D)  By a nucleotide sequence on the tRNA which may or may not include the anticodon loop.

Question 7

During elongation how many of the general transcription factors are totally released?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
A)  0 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6

Question 8

What happens to the mRNA when it binds to the two ribosomal bodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing, it retains its original three-dimensional shape. 
B)  It forms a double helix. 
C)  It is stretched out. 
D)  It splits into two parts, each of which is associated with a ribosomal unit. 
A)  Nothing, it retains its original three-dimensional shape. 
B)  It forms a double helix. 
C)  It is stretched out. 
D)  It splits into two parts, each of which is associated with a ribosomal unit.

Question 9

The term "second genetic code" refers to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability of the codon and anticodon to recognize each other. 
B)  The ability of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to correctly pair an amino acid with its correct tRNA. 
C)  The ability of DNA to transfer genetic information to RNA. 
D)  None of these is correct. 
A)  The ability of the codon and anticodon to recognize each other. 
B)  The ability of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to correctly pair an amino acid with its correct tRNA. 
C)  The ability of DNA to transfer genetic information to RNA. 
D)  None of these is correct.

Question 10

Consider the following image.   Which of the following substances has this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA

Question 11

Which of the following is involved in the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP 
A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP

Question 12

Which of the following is true at the time introns are spliced out of mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither end of the mRNA has been processed. 
B)  Both ends of the mRNA have been processed. 
C)  Only the 3' end of mRNA has been processed. 
D)  Only the 5' end of the mRNA is has been processed. 
A)  Neither end of the mRNA has been processed. 
B)  Both ends of the mRNA have been processed. 
C)  Only the 3' end of mRNA has been processed. 
D)  Only the 5' end of the mRNA is has been processed.

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Every organism has its own genetic code. 
B)  All prokaryotes have a common genetic code, but each eukaryotic organism has its own genetic code. 
C)  All prokaryotes have a common genetic code and all eukaryotes have a common genetic code, but these codes are different. 
D)  The genetic code is virtually universal, and is shared by all organisms. 
A)  Every organism has its own genetic code. 
B)  All prokaryotes have a common genetic code, but each eukaryotic organism has its own genetic code. 
C)  All prokaryotes have a common genetic code and all eukaryotes have a common genetic code, but these codes are different. 
D)  The genetic code is virtually universal, and is shared by all organisms.

Question 14

How many general transcription factors are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6

Question 15

Which of the following is true of pol II?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must be in its phosphorylated form to cause both the initiation and elongation. 
B)  It must be in its dephosphorylated form to cause both the initiation and elongation. 
C)  It must be in its phosphorylated form to initiate transcription but must be in its dephosphorylated form to cause elongation. 
D)  It must be in its dephosphorylated form to initiate transcription but must be in its phosphorylated form to cause elongation. 
A)  It must be in its phosphorylated form to cause both the initiation and elongation. 
B)  It must be in its dephosphorylated form to cause both the initiation and elongation. 
C)  It must be in its phosphorylated form to initiate transcription but must be in its dephosphorylated form to cause elongation. 
D)  It must be in its dephosphorylated form to initiate transcription but must be in its phosphorylated form to cause elongation.

Question 16

Examine the following diagram.  
-Which of the following is an accepted designation for the strand of DNA that is transcribed into RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  template strand 
B)  (-) strand 
C)  antisense strand 
D)  all of these 
A)  template strand 
B)  (-) strand 
C)  antisense strand 
D)  all of these

Question 17

In eukaryotes which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription always occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Transcription never occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Translation always occurs in the nucleus. 
D)  Translation never occurs in the nucleus. 
A)  Transcription always occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Transcription never occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Translation always occurs in the nucleus. 
D)  Translation never occurs in the nucleus.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for the enzymes which bind an amino acid to its matching tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  acyl-tRNA synthetases 
B)  aminyl-tRNA synthetases 
C)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases 
D)  aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetases 
A)  acyl-tRNA synthetases 
B)  aminyl-tRNA synthetases 
C)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases 
D)  aminoacetyl-tRNA synthetases

Question 19

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibiotics are effective treatments for viral diseases. 
B)  All viral diseases can be cured. 
C)  Most viral diseases cannot be cured. 
D)  No viral diseases can be cured. 
A)  Antibiotics are effective treatments for viral diseases. 
B)  All viral diseases can be cured. 
C)  Most viral diseases cannot be cured. 
D)  No viral diseases can be cured.

Question 20

What is the relationship between the bases of the codon on mRNA and the anticodon on tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have complementary base sequences. 
B)  They have identical base sequences. 
C)  They have similar base sequences. 
D)  They have palindromic base sequences. 
A)  They have complementary base sequences. 
B)  They have identical base sequences. 
C)  They have similar base sequences. 
D)  They have palindromic base sequences.

Exam 26: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

What is the name given to a sequence of three bases on mRNA?

How many initiation codons are there?

Which of the following must occur so that the pre-initiation complex can be converted to the open complex?

Which of the following is suggestive that mitochondria may have been an ancient entity?

Which base will be added to the growing mRNA if the base on the DNA template is adenine?

How does a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognize its tRNA?

During elongation how many of the general transcription factors are totally released?

What happens to the mRNA when it binds to the two ribosomal bodies?

The term "second genetic code" refers to which of the following?

Consider the following image. Which of the following substances has this structure?

Which of the following is involved in the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Which of the following is true at the time introns are spliced out of mRNA?

Which of the following is true?

How many general transcription factors are there?

Which of the following is true of pol II?

Examine the following diagram. -Which of the following is an accepted designation for the strand of DNA that is transcribed into RNA?

In eukaryotes which of the following is true?

Which of the following is the correct name for the enzymes which bind an amino acid to its matching tRNA?

Which of the following is true?

What is the relationship between the bases of the codon on mRNA and the anticodon on tRNA?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes and Alkynes

Benzene and Its Derivatives

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters