Question 1

Which of the following is true if an amino acid is incorrectly paired with a tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is not important since the complex will be very unstable. 
B)  This is not important since the anticodon will not match up with its codon. 
C)  This is not important since the incorrectly placed amino acid can be removed later. 
D)  This can be a serious problem since the anticodon will match up with its codon even if the tRNA is carrying the wrong amino acid. 
A)  This is not important since the complex will be very unstable. 
B)  This is not important since the anticodon will not match up with its codon. 
C)  This is not important since the incorrectly placed amino acid can be removed later. 
D)  This can be a serious problem since the anticodon will match up with its codon even if the tRNA is carrying the wrong amino acid.

Question 2

The TATA box is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a consensus initiation signal 
B)  a promoter 
C)  a termination sequence 
D)  a transcription factor 
A)  a consensus initiation signal 
B)  a promoter 
C)  a termination sequence 
D)  a transcription factor

Question 3

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with deciphering the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. Avery 
B)  E. Chargaff 
C)  M. Nirenberg 
D)  J. Watson 
A)  O. Avery 
B)  E. Chargaff 
C)  M. Nirenberg 
D)  J. Watson

Question 4

How many fundamental types of transcription factors are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6

Question 5

How does mRNA bind to the ribosomal units?

Accepted Answer

A)  It doesn't bind to either ribosomal unit. 
B)  It binds to the smaller unit first and then to the larger unit. 
C)  It binds to the larger unit first and then to the smaller unit. 
D)  It binds to both units simultaneously. 
A)  It doesn't bind to either ribosomal unit. 
B)  It binds to the smaller unit first and then to the larger unit. 
C)  It binds to the larger unit first and then to the smaller unit. 
D)  It binds to both units simultaneously.

Question 6

Which of the following is involved in the termination of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  TTP 
A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  TTP

Question 7

What is the size of the full prokaryotic ribosomal complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  30S 
B)  50S 
C)  70S 
D)  80S 
A)  30S 
B)  50S 
C)  70S 
D)  80S

Question 8

The size of ribosomal subunits is given in "S" units. "S" stands for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  selectivity 
B)  size 
C)  Svedberg units 
D)  synthesizing ability 
A)  selectivity 
B)  size 
C)  Svedberg units 
D)  synthesizing ability

Question 9

The genetic code is well described and all 64 possible codons are accounted for. How do cells insert the 'twenty first' amino acid selenocysteine?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is encoded by one of the extra serine codons. 
B)  It is encoded by one of the extra leucine codons. 
C)  It is encoded by one of the extra arginine codons. 
D)  It is encoded by one of the stop codons. 
A)  It is encoded by one of the extra serine codons. 
B)  It is encoded by one of the extra leucine codons. 
C)  It is encoded by one of the extra arginine codons. 
D)  It is encoded by one of the stop codons.

Question 10

Which of the following is the vector commonly used in ex vivo gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenovirus 
B)  Maloney murine leukemia virus 
C)  weakened flu virus 
D)  vaccinia virus 
A)  adenovirus 
B)  Maloney murine leukemia virus 
C)  weakened flu virus 
D)  vaccinia virus

Question 11

During elongation what kind of bond is formed as the RNA is synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A)  a diphosphate 
B)  a phosphate ester 
C)  phosphate ether 
D)  none of these 
A)  a diphosphate 
B)  a phosphate ester 
C)  phosphate ether 
D)  none of these

Question 12

Which of the following diseases is not associated with incorrect protein folding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's disease 
B)  Jakob-Creutzfeld disease 
C)  Mad Cow disease 
D)  None, they are all associated with incorrect protein folding. 
A)  Alzheimer's disease 
B)  Jakob-Creutzfeld disease 
C)  Mad Cow disease 
D)  None, they are all associated with incorrect protein folding.

Question 13

In eukaryotes which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription never occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Translation always occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Translation sometimes occurs in the nucleus. 
D)  Translation never occurs in the nucleus. 
A)  Transcription never occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Translation always occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Translation sometimes occurs in the nucleus. 
D)  Translation never occurs in the nucleus.

Question 14

Which of the following is found in excess in patients with severe combined immune deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  dATP 
B)  dCTP 
C)  dGTP 
D)  dTTP 
A)  dATP 
B)  dCTP 
C)  dGTP 
D)  dTTP

Question 15

How many stop codons are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  20

Question 16

When gene regulation occurs at the transcriptional level where are the control sites for gene regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the 3' end of the transcribed mRNA 
B)  at the 5' end of the transcribed mRNA 
C)  in front of the 3' end the structural gene 
D)  in front of the 5' end of the structural gene 
A)  at the 3' end of the transcribed mRNA 
B)  at the 5' end of the transcribed mRNA 
C)  in front of the 3' end the structural gene 
D)  in front of the 5' end of the structural gene

Question 17

What are the sizes of the ribosomal units in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S 
A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S

Question 18

For which of the following types of cells is gene therapy currently permitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  gamete cells 
B)  somatic cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  gamete cells 
B)  somatic cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 19

To which of the following does the pre-initiation complex migrate during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  the entire ribosome 
B)  the larger ribosomal subunit 
C)  small ribosomal subunit 
D)  the mRNA 
A)  the entire ribosome 
B)  the larger ribosomal subunit 
C)  small ribosomal subunit 
D)  the mRNA

Question 20

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
B)  There are four different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, one for each different type of amino acid side chain. 
C)  A different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is required for each amino acid. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  There is a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
B)  There are four different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, one for each different type of amino acid side chain. 
C)  A different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is required for each amino acid. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Exam 26: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following is true if an amino acid is incorrectly paired with a tRNA?

The TATA box is an example of which of the following?

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with deciphering the genetic code?

How many fundamental types of transcription factors are there?

How does mRNA bind to the ribosomal units?

Which of the following is involved in the termination of protein synthesis?

What is the size of the full prokaryotic ribosomal complex?

The size of ribosomal subunits is given in "S" units. "S" stands for which of the following?

The genetic code is well described and all 64 possible codons are accounted for. How do cells insert the 'twenty first' amino acid selenocysteine?

Which of the following is the vector commonly used in ex vivo gene therapy?

During elongation what kind of bond is formed as the RNA is synthesized?

Which of the following diseases is not associated with incorrect protein folding?

In eukaryotes which of the following is true?

Which of the following is found in excess in patients with severe combined immune deficiency?

How many stop codons are there?

When gene regulation occurs at the transcriptional level where are the control sites for gene regulation?

What are the sizes of the ribosomal units in prokaryotes?

For which of the following types of cells is gene therapy currently permitted?

To which of the following does the pre-initiation complex migrate during protein synthesis?

Which of the following is true?

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