Question 1

Which of the following describes the specificity of NK and Tc cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are highly specific. 
B)  Neither is specific. 
C)  NK cells are nonspecific, but Tc cells are specific. 
D)  NK cells are specific, but Tc cells are nonspecific. 
A)  Both are highly specific. 
B)  Neither is specific. 
C)  NK cells are nonspecific, but Tc cells are specific. 
D)  NK cells are specific, but Tc cells are nonspecific.

Question 2

The polypeptide chains of immunoglobulins have a shape similar to which letter?

Accepted Answer

A)  L 
B)  M 
C)  X 
D)  Y 
A)  L 
B)  M 
C)  X 
D)  Y

Question 3

Which of the following is true of immunoglobulins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the heavy chains have constant regions. 
B)  Only the light chains have constant regions. 
C)  Both the light and the heavy chains have constant regions. 
D)  Neither the light chains nor the heavy chains have constant regions. 
A)  Only the heavy chains have constant regions. 
B)  Only the light chains have constant regions. 
C)  Both the light and the heavy chains have constant regions. 
D)  Neither the light chains nor the heavy chains have constant regions.

Question 4

Which of the following happens to T cells which, during their maturation, have not met and interacted with MHCs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of them circulate in the blood. 
B)  They are converted to other types of cells. 
C)  They die of neglect. 
D)  They are held in reserve. 
A)  Most of them circulate in the blood. 
B)  They are converted to other types of cells. 
C)  They die of neglect. 
D)  They are held in reserve.

Question 5

T cell receptors can recognize which of the following antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acids 
B)  polysaccharide 
C)  proteins 
D)  all of these 
A)  nucleic acids 
B)  polysaccharide 
C)  proteins 
D)  all of these

Question 6

Which of the following recognizes sugars which are unique to HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  b12 
B)  2G12 
C)  p7 
D)  p17 
A)  b12 
B)  2G12 
C)  p7 
D)  p17

Question 7

Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  goiter 
B)  multiple sclerosis 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  None, they are all autoimmune diseases. 
A)  goiter 
B)  multiple sclerosis 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  None, they are all autoimmune diseases.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of cytokines?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are highly specific antibodies. 
B)  They are long lived. 
C)  They transmit intercellular communications. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  They are highly specific antibodies. 
B)  They are long lived. 
C)  They transmit intercellular communications. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 9

Dendritic cells transport protein fragments of invading viruses or bacteria to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  an MHC 
B)  Th cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  an MHC 
B)  Th cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 10

Which of the following does not affect the variable regions of immunoglobulins?

Accepted Answer

A)  class switch recombination 
B)  gene conversion 
C)  somatic hypermutation 
D)  None, they all affect the variable region. 
A)  class switch recombination 
B)  gene conversion 
C)  somatic hypermutation 
D)  None, they all affect the variable region.

Question 11

How was the role of MHC molecules first discovered?

Accepted Answer

A)  during the study of AIDS 
B)  during studies of blood types 
C)  during organ transplants 
D)  none of the above 
A)  during the study of AIDS 
B)  during studies of blood types 
C)  during organ transplants 
D)  none of the above

Question 12

The following is a representation which shows a glycoprotein molecule, HA, found on the surface of a strain of the influenza A virus.   Which of the following correctly portrays the issues involved in the development of a vaccine for such a virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Much past research has developed vaccines that target the stem region epitopes. 
B)  The head region epitopes tend to show relatively constant composition among viruses. 
C)  Universal vaccines will most likely target the stem region epitopes. 
D)  Antibodies that attack the head region maybe an alternative to fight the disease. 
A)  Much past research has developed vaccines that target the stem region epitopes. 
B)  The head region epitopes tend to show relatively constant composition among viruses. 
C)  Universal vaccines will most likely target the stem region epitopes. 
D)  Antibodies that attack the head region maybe an alternative to fight the disease.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly describes the interactions between antigens, class I MHC molecules and T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigens bound to class I MHC molecules and interact with helper T cells 
B)  Antigens bound to class I MHC molecules and interact with killer T cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  Antigens bound to class I MHC molecules and interact with helper T cells 
B)  Antigens bound to class I MHC molecules and interact with killer T cells 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 14

Which of the following happens when a B cell antibody interacts with its antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The B cell is stimulated to divide. 
B)  The B cell is stimulated to differentiate into plasma cells. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  The B cell is stimulated to divide. 
B)  The B cell is stimulated to differentiate into plasma cells. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 15

Which of the following target and perforate the surfaces of abnormal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  T cells 
A)  B cells 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  T cells

Question 16

Which of the following is true of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is associated with both external and internal components 
B)  It is highly specific 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  It is associated with both external and internal components 
B)  It is highly specific 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 17

Somatic hypermutation does which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  creates a change at a single nucleotide 
B)  copies nucleotide sequences from a pseudogene V into the V(J)D 
C)  swaps exons of the constant region between highly repetitive regions 
D)  all of these 
A)  creates a change at a single nucleotide 
B)  copies nucleotide sequences from a pseudogene V into the V(J)D 
C)  swaps exons of the constant region between highly repetitive regions 
D)  all of these

Question 18

In a protein antigen, how many amino acids are necessary to interact with an antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 or 2 
B)  3 to 5 
C)  5 to 7 
D)  10 to 15 
A)  1 or 2 
B)  3 to 5 
C)  5 to 7 
D)  10 to 15

Question 19

How many different types of immunoglobulin antibodies can a single B cell synthesize?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  A variable number, it depends on the B cells. 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  A variable number, it depends on the B cells.

Question 20

The smallest unit of an antigen capable eliciting an immune response is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  antitope 
B)  epitope 
C)  essitope 
D)  minitope 
A)  antitope 
B)  epitope 
C)  essitope 
D)  minitope

Exam 31: Immunochemistry

Which of the following describes the specificity of NK and Tc cells?

The polypeptide chains of immunoglobulins have a shape similar to which letter?

Which of the following is true of immunoglobulins?

Which of the following happens to T cells which, during their maturation, have not met and interacted with MHCs.

T cell receptors can recognize which of the following antigens?

Which of the following recognizes sugars which are unique to HIV?

Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?

Which of the following is true of cytokines?

Dendritic cells transport protein fragments of invading viruses or bacteria to which of the following?

Which of the following does not affect the variable regions of immunoglobulins?

How was the role of MHC molecules first discovered?

The following is a representation which shows a glycoprotein molecule, HA, found on the surface of a strain of the influenza A virus. Which of the following correctly portrays the issues involved in the development of a vaccine for such a virus?

Which of the following correctly describes the interactions between antigens, class I MHC molecules and T cells?

Which of the following happens when a B cell antibody interacts with its antigen?

Which of the following target and perforate the surfaces of abnormal cells?

Which of the following is true of innate immunity?

Somatic hypermutation does which of the following?

In a protein antigen, how many amino acids are necessary to interact with an antibody?

How many different types of immunoglobulin antibodies can a single B cell synthesize?

The smallest unit of an antigen capable eliciting an immune response is called which of the following?

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Which of the following describes the specificity of NK and T_c cells?