Question 1

Your text cited the finding that high self-esteem improves academic performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Brett's mom keeps a chart on his bedroom wall and adds a gold star for each day that his room is clean.His mom is using _______________ to strengthen the response.

Accepted Answer

A) latent learning 
B) classical conditioning 
C) secondary reinforcers 
D) an unconditioned stimulus 
A) latent learning 
B) classical conditioning 
C) secondary reinforcers 
D) an unconditioned stimulus C

Question 3

When a response is first acquired,learning is usually most rapid if the response is reinforced

Accepted Answer

A) on a fixed schedule for a certain number of responses. 
B) on a continuous reinforcement schedule. 
C) on a fixed schedule after a certain amount of time. 
D) on a schedule that varies around an average number of responses. 
A) on a fixed schedule for a certain number of responses. 
B) on a continuous reinforcement schedule. 
C) on a fixed schedule after a certain amount of time. 
D) on a schedule that varies around an average number of responses. B

Question 4

Initially,when John Watson and his colleague,Rosalie Rayner,showed Little Albert a live white rat.Albert

Accepted Answer

A) began to whimper and tremble. 
B) liked the rat and seemed delighted. 
C) tried to crawl away and escape. 
D) didn't react to the rat,one way or another. 
A) began to whimper and tremble. 
B) liked the rat and seemed delighted. 
C) tried to crawl away and escape. 
D) didn't react to the rat,one way or another.

Question 5

Many people confuse negative reinforcement with positive punishment.What is the best way to keep these terms straight?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement,whether positive or negati

Question 6

Having a gold star placed on one's spelling quiz would be a secondary reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called

Accepted Answer

A) extinction. 
B) inhibition. 
C) stimulus generalization. 
D) discrimination. 
A) extinction. 
B) inhibition. 
C) stimulus generalization. 
D) discrimination.

Question 8

When someone uses negative reinforcement to change a behavior the behavior is likely to

Accepted Answer

A) occur less frequently. 
B) occur more frequently. 
C) occur at the same rate. 
D) completely stop. 
A) occur less frequently. 
B) occur more frequently. 
C) occur at the same rate. 
D) completely stop.

Question 9

When a stimulus similar to the CS also elicits the CR,the phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus discrimination. 
B) stimulus generalization. 
C) spontaneous recovery. 
D) 2nd order conditioning. 
A) stimulus discrimination. 
B) stimulus generalization. 
C) spontaneous recovery. 
D) 2nd order conditioning.

Question 10

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and thus ________ the probability of a response.

Accepted Answer

A) removed;increases 
B) presented;decreases 
C) removed;decreases 
D) presented;increases 
A) removed;increases 
B) presented;decreases 
C) removed;decreases 
D) presented;increases

Question 11

Contemporary psychologists have suggested that what an animal or person actually learns in classical conditioning is

Accepted Answer

A) an association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. 
B) a temporal association between one stimulus and another. 
C) successive approximations of the desired conditioned response. 
D) information conveyed by one stimulus about another. 
A) an association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. 
B) a temporal association between one stimulus and another. 
C) successive approximations of the desired conditioned response. 
D) information conveyed by one stimulus about another.

Question 12

Humans are biologically primed to be especially susceptible to certain kinds of acquired fears.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Taste aversions seem to be specific examples of what type of learning?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) insight learning 
C) vicarious learning 
D) operant conditioning 
A) classical conditioning 
B) insight learning 
C) vicarious learning 
D) operant conditioning

Question 14

An electric shock would be an example of a primary punisher.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

During half time at his high school's homecoming game,Rory has to go to the bathroom.The words Women and Men act as _______________ for entering one door or the other.

Accepted Answer

A) discriminative stimuli 
B) unconditioned stimuli 
C) extrinsic reinforcers 
D) intrinsic reinforcers 
A) discriminative stimuli 
B) unconditioned stimuli 
C) extrinsic reinforcers 
D) intrinsic reinforcers

Question 16

What has research on managing patient's pain and anxiety over medical treatments shown regarding placebos?

Accepted Answer

A) Placebos are not useful in reducing pain and anxiety. 
B) Placebos can be powerful when they take the form of a large pill or have a brand name. 
C) Placebos in the form of injections are ineffective. 
D) Placebos in the form of large pills with a brand name increase pain and anxiety. 
A) Placebos are not useful in reducing pain and anxiety. 
B) Placebos can be powerful when they take the form of a large pill or have a brand name. 
C) Placebos in the form of injections are ineffective. 
D) Placebos in the form of large pills with a brand name increase pain and anxiety.

Question 17

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a learned response reoccurs after its apparent extinction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

_______________ is defined as a procedure in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through association with an already established conditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) Higher-order conditioning 
B) Intermittent reinforcement 
C) Stimulus discrimination 
D) Spontaneous recovery 
A) Higher-order conditioning 
B) Intermittent reinforcement 
C) Stimulus discrimination 
D) Spontaneous recovery

Question 19

What was Pavlov's contribution to the study of conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Pavlov's study showed that man

Question 20

B.F.Skinner rigged the cages of eight pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds.Within a short time most of the pigeons were practicing some sort of consistent ritual,even though the ritual did not have the least effect on the delivery of the reinforcer.The birds were

Accepted Answer

A) demonstrating spontaneous recovery. 
B) developing phobias. 
C) trained by vicarious learning. 
D) behaving superstitiously. 
A) demonstrating spontaneous recovery. 
B) developing phobias. 
C) trained by vicarious learning. 
D) behaving superstitiously.

Your text cited the finding that high self-esteem improves academic performance.

Brett's mom keeps a chart on his bedroom wall and adds a gold star for each day that his room is clean.His mom is using _______________ to strengthen the response.

When a response is first acquired,learning is usually most rapid if the response is reinforced

Initially,when John Watson and his colleague,Rosalie Rayner,showed Little Albert a live white rat.Albert

Many people confuse negative reinforcement with positive punishment.What is the best way to keep these terms straight?

Having a gold star placed on one's spelling quiz would be a secondary reinforcer.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called

When someone uses negative reinforcement to change a behavior the behavior is likely to

When a stimulus similar to the CS also elicits the CR,the phenomenon is called

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is and thus the probability of a response.

Contemporary psychologists have suggested that what an animal or person actually learns in classical conditioning is

Humans are biologically primed to be especially susceptible to certain kinds of acquired fears.

Taste aversions seem to be specific examples of what type of learning?

An electric shock would be an example of a primary punisher.

During half time at his high school's homecoming game,Rory has to go to the bathroom.The words Women and Men act as _______________ for entering one door or the other.

What has research on managing patient's pain and anxiety over medical treatments shown regarding placebos?

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a learned response reoccurs after its apparent extinction.

_______________ is defined as a procedure in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through association with an already established conditioned stimulus.

What was Pavlov's contribution to the study of conditioning?

B.F.Skinner rigged the cages of eight pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds.Within a short time most of the pigeons were practicing some sort of consistent ritual,even though the ritual did not have the least effect on the delivery of the reinforcer.The birds were

What Is Psychology

Theories of Personality

Development Over the Life Span

Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Emotion, Stress, and Health

The Major Motives of Life: Food, Love, Sex, and Work

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Exam 9: Learning and Conditioning

Your text cited the finding that high self-esteem improves academic performance.

Brett's mom keeps a chart on his bedroom wall and adds a gold star for each day that his room is clean.His mom is using _______________ to strengthen the response.

When a response is first acquired,learning is usually most rapid if the response is reinforced

Initially,when John Watson and his colleague,Rosalie Rayner,showed Little Albert a live white rat.Albert

Many people confuse negative reinforcement with positive punishment.What is the best way to keep these terms straight?

Having a gold star placed on one's spelling quiz would be a secondary reinforcer.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called

When someone uses negative reinforcement to change a behavior the behavior is likely to

When a stimulus similar to the CS also elicits the CR,the phenomenon is called

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and thus ________ the probability of a response.

Contemporary psychologists have suggested that what an animal or person actually learns in classical conditioning is

Humans are biologically primed to be especially susceptible to certain kinds of acquired fears.

Taste aversions seem to be specific examples of what type of learning?

An electric shock would be an example of a primary punisher.

During half time at his high school's homecoming game,Rory has to go to the bathroom.The words Women and Men act as _______________ for entering one door or the other.

What has research on managing patient's pain and anxiety over medical treatments shown regarding placebos?

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a learned response reoccurs after its apparent extinction.

_______________ is defined as a procedure in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through association with an already established conditioned stimulus.

What was Pavlov's contribution to the study of conditioning?

B.F.Skinner rigged the cages of eight pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds.Within a short time most of the pigeons were practicing some sort of consistent ritual,even though the ritual did not have the least effect on the delivery of the reinforcer.The birds were

What Is Psychology

Theories of Personality

Development Over the Life Span

Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Emotion, Stress, and Health

The Major Motives of Life: Food, Love, Sex, and Work

Filters

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is and thus the probability of a response.