Exam 2: Economic Environment
Some of the greatest challenges in trade in the next century will come in the areas of information technology and intellectual property.Describe these challenges,the mechanisms that are in place to protect one's intellectual property,and how trade in general will be affected.
With the advent of the information age,firms are faced with new situations.Not only is it easy for individuals to make duplicates of many works or to re-use their content in new works,but the physical manifestation of content is almost irrelevant.The United States,in an attempt to protect intellectual property rights,has insisted that intellectual property rights be dealt with in GATT and the WTO.Technology based protection of electronic information through hardware,software,or a combination thereof in the form of encryption and digital signatures have been suggested as a means of circumventing the problem of unauthorized copying.
Controlling copying is a difficult problem.The solution may be in not controlling the copies but instead controlling the relationship with the customers through subscriptions or membership.There are other larger questions or hurdles to be overcome.One is the rise of a truly efficient market for information.Second,is the role of and attempts by governments to regulate international commerce.
Which of the following is an example of an international trading bloc?
D
An example of portfolio investment (or indirect investment)in foreign markets is:
C
Doha's Development Agenda (Doha Round)includes new trade talks-an actions program to resolve developing countries' complaints about the implementation of
Uruguay Round agreements,and an accord on ____________________________.
The main operating principle of the General Agreements of Tariffs and Trade (GATT)was the concept of normal trade relations (NTR)status,formerly known as:
____________________ are highly interested in putting strong international intellectual property laws in place:
The Triad Regions of the world (North America,Western Europe,and Japan)collectively produce more than 80 percent of world GDP.
The World Trade Organization (WTO)was created in the _____________ of GATT talks---called the Uruguay Round.
Currently,Britain and France remain the principal opponents of ceding any part of the
sovereignty of the nation-state to any future political union in Europe.
One difference between a customs union and a free trade area is that the customs union:
Doha Round paved the way for China and Singapore to get full membership in the
WTO.
The U.S.government defines the multinational corporation for statistical purposes as
a company that owns or controls 60 percent or more of the voting securities,or the
equivalent of at least one foreign business enterprise.
As of February 28,2009,the World Trade Organization (WTO)has _________ member countries.
Which of the top 10 countries in competitiveness does NOT suffer from a lack of natural resources?
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