Exam 1: D: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

Imagine that you see the textbook authors on television talking with Larry King about popular psychology.What point are you most likely to hear them make?

Because people are open to exploring and understanding the mysteries of the world,people are likely to

What logical fallacy involves confusing the correctness of a belief with its origins?

Canadian researcher Dr.Turnkey wants to examine personality traits associated with helping behaviour across different cultures outside of North America.He designs a survey and then has it translated into different languages and administers it to persons from other cultures.Dr.Turnkey is using a(n)__________ approach to cross-cultural psychology.

Scientific skepticism encourages us to accept claims on the basis of __________ and not on __________.

When attempting to differentiate between useful and useless information from popular psychology,what is a good rule of thumb to follow?

Suppose Dr.Fish has a theory that says you cannot live without two working eyes.To demonstrate this is true,Dr.Fish brings to you hundreds of living people,each of whom has two working eyes.This demonstrates

In the natural world,there often are many different factors associated with the occurrence of a particular outcome.Therefore it is important that we,as critical thinkers,__________ whenever possible.

The belief that much of our everyday psychological life is filled with symbols is associated with what theoretical framework?

Research shows that milk consumption is related to the incidence of cancer,so more milk means a greater risk.Based on these findings,you might not wish to drink milk,but what is the more reasonable conclusion?

Assuming that something is so simply because a teacher or religious figure said it is so,is an example of

The phenomenon of __________ was one criticism of structuralism because it demonstrated that some important aspects of human psychology lie outside conscious awareness.

According to the authors,__________ is the "mother of all biases."

Which of the following statements would the authors find the most worrisome?

Trying to explain complex human behaviours,like violence,in terms of one causal factor,such as genes or video games,fails to acknowledge that

You could tell one friend that "haste makes waste" and tell another friend that they should "strike while the iron is hot." That both claims sound reasonable would appear to violate the critical thinking principle of

Psychological research applied to police settings has demonstrated that what type of lineup promotes eyewitness identification accuracy?

What influence did psychology need to break away from in order to establish itself as a discipline and be free of associations with studying the spirit or soul?

A psychologist is often skeptical of claims suggesting

Brandon is an industrial organizational psychologist who has been hired by a large hotel chain to determine why their turnover rate is so high for their maids.This is an example of __________ research.