Exam 1: D: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

The dramatic increase in the number of claims of repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse and satanic ritual abuse in the late 1980s and 1990s are most closely linked to which logical fallacy?

Which of the following logical fallacies is like a self-serving bias because we assume they apply to other people's information processing more often than our own?

When a correlation between two variables can be just as easily explained by another variable,we refer to this problem as

A great amount of evidence is needed to support a claim that is

Pseudoscience lacks safeguards against __________ and __________ that characterize science.

Which theoretical framework posited that our interpretation of rewards and punishments is a crucial determinant of our behaviour?

Milo and Shirley are taking a trip on a cruise ship for their twentieth wedding anniversary.They believe they made it to this milestone because they know each other so well.During the trip,they take part in a game show where they find out they don't know each other as well as they thought.However,they still maintain they are very much in tune with the other's needs and thoughts.This is an example of

Suppose a theorist decides not to revise his theory despite a large amount of nonsupportive evidence.If this continues,it's very likely that this theory

Framing questions so they can be answered in only one of two extreme ways highlights the __________ fallacy.

Dr.Wolpe designs an experimental test of his theory of aggression against a competing theory.After conducting the appropriate statistical tests,he finds that the data are better explained by the competing theory.His willingness to accept the evidence that another theory is superior is a characteristic of

Research shows that male experimenters smile more at female participants,which can influence the results.Although researchers know this effect is possible,some may doubt that it happens in their research,a fallacy known as the

With its concern on the adaptive functions provided by the various psychological systems,evolutionary psychology is most like what early psychological school of thought?

According to the authors,a skeptic is someone who

In Alice in Wonderland,the Cheshire Cat tells Alice that "most everyone's mad here.I'm mad,you're mad." And Alice protests,"But how do you know I'm mad?!" "Because," says the Cat,"if you weren't,you wouldn't have come here." So Alice begins to look for other examples of madness in the strange world,demonstrating

Scientific investigation has identified that "The Hot Hand" in basketball is

In research reports,we often see the terms "suggests," "appears," or "raises the possibility that" a finding is correct but also acknowledges that we might be incorrect.The authors refer to this as

The key to understanding human behaviour,according to Sigmund Freud,was to focus on __________ and the __________ level of the human mind.

Evolutionary psychology

In science,a scientific theory is defined as a(n)

A scientific theory is considered __________ if it explains a __________ number of observations.