Question 1

Which enzyme is responsible for assembly of palmitate from activated acetyl-CoA fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)  acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 
B)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
D)  fatty acid synthase 
A)  acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 
B)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
D)  fatty acid synthase

Question 2

The sterol regulatory element (SRE)is a(n)__________ and the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)is a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

A)  allosteric activator; enzyme 
B)  transport activator; transport protein 
C)  receptor; hormone 
D)  DNA promoter; transcription activator 
A)  allosteric activator; enzyme 
B)  transport activator; transport protein 
C)  receptor; hormone 
D)  DNA promoter; transcription activator

Question 3

What are the different roles played the acyl carrier protein (ACP)and the ketoacyl synthase (KS)domain during fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ACP carries the growing fatty acid chain more than the KS domain. 
B)  The KS domain holds the growing fatty acid chain, whereas the ACP delivers two carbon fragments. 
C)  The KS domain associates with the fatty acid synthase enzyme, whereas the ACP does not. 
D)  The ACP delivers two carbon fragments one at a time, whereas the KS domain passes them on to the fatty acid. 
A)  The ACP carries the growing fatty acid chain more than the KS domain. 
B)  The KS domain holds the growing fatty acid chain, whereas the ACP delivers two carbon fragments. 
C)  The KS domain associates with the fatty acid synthase enzyme, whereas the ACP does not. 
D)  The ACP delivers two carbon fragments one at a time, whereas the KS domain passes them on to the fatty acid.

Question 4

Start with the following molecule.(A)Write the balanced equation for the products formed from its complete oxidation in the   
-oxidation pathway and (B)show how many ATPs would be obtained from the complete metabolism of those products.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Start with the following molecule.(A)Write the balanced...

Question 5

LDLs are referred to as "bad cholesterol" because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are the blood serum particle with the highest concentration of cholesterol. 
B)  they contain cholesterol that is not as easily degraded. 
C)  their cholesterol has no specific cellular purpose other than to form plaques. 
D)  LDL levels surge after meals high in fat. 
A)  they are the blood serum particle with the highest concentration of cholesterol. 
B)  they contain cholesterol that is not as easily degraded. 
C)  their cholesterol has no specific cellular purpose other than to form plaques. 
D)  LDL levels surge after meals high in fat.

Question 6

Which molecule is used to transport fatty-acyl groups into the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  CoA-SH 
B)  ATP 
C)  biotin 
D)  carnitine 
A)  CoA-SH 
B)  ATP 
C)  biotin 
D)  carnitine

Question 7

What enzyme is activated by HDL to release cholesterol from the cell membranes of peripheral tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylcholine esterase 
B)  HDL apolipase 
C)  cholesterol esterase 
D)  lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase 
A)  phosphatidylcholine esterase 
B)  HDL apolipase 
C)  cholesterol esterase 
D)  lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase

Question 8

What is the name of the enzyme that adds another carbon atom to propionyl-CoA in the degradation of odd-chain fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Propionyl-

Question 9

Carnitine is

Accepted Answer

A)  used for transporting fatty acids into the cell. 
B)  attached to the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid synthesis. 
C)  attached to fatty acid groups that are moved into the mitochondria for degradation. 
D)  attached to acetyl groups to activate them for addition to the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid synthesis. 
A)  used for transporting fatty acids into the cell. 
B)  attached to the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid synthesis. 
C)  attached to fatty acid groups that are moved into the mitochondria for degradation. 
D)  attached to acetyl groups to activate them for addition to the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid synthesis.

Question 10

Which of the following stimulate fatty acid synthesis when their concentrations are high?

Accepted Answer

A)  citrate and insulin 
B)  glucagon and citrate 
C)  insulin and acyl-CoA 
D)  citrate, insulin, and palmitoyl-CoA 
A)  citrate and insulin 
B)  glucagon and citrate 
C)  insulin and acyl-CoA 
D)  citrate, insulin, and palmitoyl-CoA

Question 11

The uptake of LDLs by cells is triggered by the

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption of the LDL triacylglycerol and phospholipid core. 
B)  hydrolysis of LDL phospholipids by phospholipase enzymes. 
C)  binding of the apoB-100 lipoprotein on LDL to the LDL receptor. 
D)  formation of cholesterol plaques. 
A)  absorption of the LDL triacylglycerol and phospholipid core. 
B)  hydrolysis of LDL phospholipids by phospholipase enzymes. 
C)  binding of the apoB-100 lipoprotein on LDL to the LDL receptor. 
D)  formation of cholesterol plaques.

Question 12

What enzyme class catalyzes the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  ligase 
B)  hydratase 
C)  transferase 
D)  oxidoreductase 
A)  ligase 
B)  hydratase 
C)  transferase 
D)  oxidoreductase

Question 13

Both the synthesis and   -oxidation of saturated fatty acids

Accepted Answer

A)  require FAD. 
B)  require NADPH. 
C)  occur in the cytosol. 
D)  involve acetyl-CoA. 
A)  require FAD. 
B)  require NADPH. 
C)  occur in the cytosol. 
D)  involve acetyl-CoA.

Question 14

Name the steps involved in converting glycerol into triacylglycerol.

Accepted Answer

(1)Glycerol is first phosphorylated to m

Question 15

All of the following genes are activated by the interaction of the SREBP with the SRE,EXCEPT for

Accepted Answer

A)  HMG-CoA reductase. 
B)  LDL receptor. 
C)  HMG-CoA synthase. 
D)  cholesterol esterase. 
A)  HMG-CoA reductase. 
B)  LDL receptor. 
C)  HMG-CoA synthase. 
D)  cholesterol esterase.

Question 16

Membrane phospholipids are synthesized in which cellular location?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm 
B)  mitochondrial intermembrane space 
C)  mitochondrial matrix 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  cytoplasm 
B)  mitochondrial intermembrane space 
C)  mitochondrial matrix 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

What is the primary difference in the oxidation of stearic acid (18:0)and oleic acid (18:1)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stearic acid requires one more pass through the fatty acid oxidation pathway. 
B)  Oleic acid will yield one less FADH2 product molecule. 
C)  Oleic acid cannot be fully metabolized. 
D)  Stearic acid yields less ATP. 
A)  Stearic acid requires one more pass through the fatty acid oxidation pathway. 
B)  Oleic acid will yield one less FADH2 product molecule. 
C)  Oleic acid cannot be fully metabolized. 
D)  Stearic acid yields less ATP.

Question 18

What enzyme catalyzes the following reaction in the first step of fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
B)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  fatty acid synthase 
D)  fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 
A)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
B)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  fatty acid synthase 
D)  fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Question 19

The following fatty acid __________ be metabolized by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  will; being run through the  -oxidation pathway until the double bond is isomerized for the pathway to continue 
B)  will not; not being recognized by  -oxidation pathway enzymes 
C)  will not; entering the pathway as normal but eventually inhibiting the enzymes 
D)  will; being run through the  -oxidation pathway as normal 
A)  will; being run through the  -oxidation pathway until the double bond is isomerized for the pathway to continue 
B)  will not; not being recognized by  -oxidation pathway enzymes 
C)  will not; entering the pathway as normal but eventually inhibiting the enzymes 
D)  will; being run through the  -oxidation pathway as normal

Question 20

What is the key enzyme involved in priming fatty acids for degradation?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
B)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
C)  carnitine acyltransferase I 
D)  fatty acyl hydrolase 
A)  acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
B)  fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 
C)  carnitine acyltransferase I 
D)  fatty acyl hydrolase

Exam 16: Lipid Metabolism

Which enzyme is responsible for assembly of palmitate from activated acetyl-CoA fragments?

The sterol regulatory element (SRE)is a(n)__________ and the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)is a(n)__________.

What are the different roles played the acyl carrier protein (ACP)and the ketoacyl synthase (KS)domain during fatty acid synthesis?

Start with the following molecule.(A)Write the balanced equation for the products formed from its complete oxidation in the -oxidation pathway and (B)show how many ATPs would be obtained from the complete metabolism of those products.

LDLs are referred to as "bad cholesterol" because

Which molecule is used to transport fatty-acyl groups into the mitochondria?

What enzyme is activated by HDL to release cholesterol from the cell membranes of peripheral tissues?

What is the name of the enzyme that adds another carbon atom to propionyl-CoA in the degradation of odd-chain fatty acids?

Carnitine is

Which of the following stimulate fatty acid synthesis when their concentrations are high?

The uptake of LDLs by cells is triggered by the

What enzyme class catalyzes the following reaction?

Both the synthesis and -oxidation of saturated fatty acids

Name the steps involved in converting glycerol into triacylglycerol.

All of the following genes are activated by the interaction of the SREBP with the SRE,EXCEPT for

Membrane phospholipids are synthesized in which cellular location?

What is the primary difference in the oxidation of stearic acid (18:0)and oleic acid (18:1)?

What enzyme catalyzes the following reaction in the first step of fatty acid synthesis?

The following fatty acid __________ be metabolized by __________.

What is the key enzyme involved in priming fatty acids for degradation?

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

The sterol regulatory element (SRE)is a(n) and the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)is a(n).

The following fatty acid be metabolized by .