Exam 16: Lipid Metabolism

Starting from the 6C fatty acyl-CoA molecule shown below,draw the reactants and products,including all cofactors used for one round of the -oxidation pathway and list the enzyme types involved in each step.

Identify the molecular components of the following lipoprotein.

How do we deal with the double bonds during the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids?

Describe the metabolic conditions under which ketone bodies are produced.

Why is the fatty acid oxidation pathway also referred to as the -oxidation pathway?

Draw the overall balanced reaction for the breakdown of palmitic acid (16:0)to give all acetyl-CoA products.Please include all cofactors involved in the process.

What is the cellular location of the fatty acid oxidation pathway?

The introduction of ¹⁴CO₂ into a cell actively synthesizing fatty acids results in ¹⁴C labeled

Which correctly describes the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine?

How many high-energy FADH₂ and NADH molecules,respectively,are made from each pass through the -oxidation pathway?

Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis?

Describe the roles of the citrate shuttle with regards to the fat synthesis pathway.

Which lipid is thought to give rise to the plaques that can clog arteries?

The synthesis of fatty acids requires which cofactor?

What enzyme class catalyzes the following reaction? (Note that there may be some missing reactants and products.)

All of the following are metabolic fates of cholesterol EXCEPT

Which is found in the ketone body pathway?

The rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis involves controlling the fate of HMG-CoA.What other pathways is HMG-CoA involved in?

What class of enzyme is the human desaturase enzyme?

What molecule is the odd chain fatty acid product propionyl-CoA converted into?