Exam 17: Thermodynamics: Entropy, free Energy, and Equilibrium

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For the reaction N2(g)+2 O2(g)→ 2 NO2(g),ΔH° = 66.4 kJ/mol and ΔS° = -121.5 J/K.ΔStotal for this reaction is ________ J/K,and the reaction is ________ (spontaneous,nonspontaneous)at 25°C.

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Consider the reaction: N2(g)+ 3 F2(g)→ 2 NF3(g) ΔH° = -249 kJ and ΔS° = -278 J/K at 25°C Calculate ΔG° and state whether the equilibrium composition should favor reactants or products at standard conditions.

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For a particular process ΔG is less than ΔH.Therefore

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The entropy change associated with the expansion of one mole of an ideal gas from an initial volume of Vi to a final volume of Vf at constant temperature is given by the equation,ΔS = R ln (Vf/Vi).What is the entropy change associated with the expansion of three moles of an ideal gas from an initial volume of Vi to a final volume of Vf at constant temperature?

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What is the entropy of 105 molecules in 1010 boxes?

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What is the entropy of 50 molecules in a system of 1000 boxes?

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The figure below represents the spontaneous reaction of H2 (shaded spheres)with O2 (unshaded spheres)to produce gaseous H2O. The figure below represents the spontaneous reaction of H<sub>2</sub> (shaded spheres)with O<sub>2</sub> (unshaded spheres)to produce gaseous H<sub>2</sub>O.   -How will the spontaneity of this reaction vary with temperature? This reaction is -How will the spontaneity of this reaction vary with temperature? This reaction is

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Assume a heteronuclear diatomic molecule,AB,forms a one-dimensional crystal by lining up along the x-axis.Also assume that each molecule can only have one of six possible orientations,corresponding to atom A facing in either the positive or negative direction along the x-,y-,or z-axis.If the molecules are arranged randomly in the six directions,the molar entropy at absolute zero should be

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Which has the highest standard molar entropy at 25°C?

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During perspiration,

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The most common white pigment until the 1880s was lead white,sometimes called basic lead carbonate: (PbCO3)2Pb(OH)2.Paintings containing lead white turned black in the presence of moist H2S from natural sources and polluted air due to the formation of PbS.The PbCO3 portion of this reaction is shown below. PbCO3(s)+ H2S(aq)→ PbS(s)+ H2CO3(aq) If ΔH° = -60.9 kJ/mol and ΔS° = 26.6 J/K,what are ΔSsurr and ΔStotal for this reaction at 25°C?

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The entropy of water at 30° is ________ than the entropy of water at 37°C.

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When equilibrium is reached at constant temperature and pressure,

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The signs of ΔG,ΔH,and ΔS at 25°C are shown below for three reactions. reaction ΔG ΔH ΔS I.- + + II.- - + III.- - - Which reaction could go in the reverse direction at high temperature?

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Calculate the standard free energy change at 25°C for the reaction 2 NO(g)+ O2(g)→ 2 NO2(g). Calculate the standard free energy change at 25°C for the reaction 2 NO(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)→ 2 NO<sub>2</sub>(g).

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The chemical system shown below is at equilibrium.Which change in conditions will not result in a spontaneous forward reaction? N2(g)+ 3 H2(g)⇌ 2 NH3(g)Kp = 4 × 105

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Water can be made from elemental hydrogen and oxygen.Which equation can be used to determine ΔGform from its elemental parts?

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A reaction for which ΔH° = + 98.8 kJ and ΔS° = + 141.5 J/K is ________ (spontaneous or nonspontaneous)at low temperatures and ________ (spontaneous or nonspontaneous)at high temperatures.

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According to the second law of thermodynamics,all reactions proceed spontaneously in the direction that increases the entropy of the

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What is the entropy of 12 molecules in a system of 100 boxes?

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