Exam 17: Thermodynamics: Entropy, free Energy, and Equilibrium
Exam 1: Chemical Tools: Experimentation and Measurement154 Questions
Exam 2: Atoms, molecules, and Ions275 Questions
Exam 3: Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions159 Questions
Exam 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solutions211 Questions
Exam 5: Periodicity and the Electronic Structure of Atoms168 Questions
Exam 6: Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding138 Questions
Exam 7: Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures92 Questions
Exam 8: Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure205 Questions
Exam 9: Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy170 Questions
Exam 10: Gases: Their Properties and Behavior188 Questions
Exam 11: Liquids, solids, and Phase Changes141 Questions
Exam 12: Solutions and Their Properties198 Questions
Exam 13: Chemical Kinetics190 Questions
Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium171 Questions
Exam 15: Aqueous Equilibria: Acids and Bases231 Questions
Exam 16: Applications of Aqueous Equilibria201 Questions
Exam 17: Thermodynamics: Entropy, free Energy, and Equilibrium150 Questions
Exam 18: Electrochemistry212 Questions
Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry176 Questions
Exam 20: Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry190 Questions
Exam 21: Metals and Solid-State Materials154 Questions
Exam 22: The Main-Group Elements294 Questions
Exam 23: Connections to Organic and Biological Chemistry290 Questions
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For the reaction N2(g)+2 O2(g)→ 2 NO2(g),ΔH° = 66.4 kJ/mol and ΔS° = -121.5 J/K.ΔStotal for this reaction is ________ J/K,and the reaction is ________ (spontaneous,nonspontaneous)at 25°C.
(Short Answer)
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Consider the reaction: N2(g)+ 3 F2(g)→ 2 NF3(g) ΔH° = -249 kJ and ΔS° = -278 J/K at 25°C
Calculate ΔG° and state whether the equilibrium composition should favor reactants or products at standard conditions.
(Multiple Choice)
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The entropy change associated with the expansion of one mole of an ideal gas from an initial volume of Vi to a final volume of Vf at constant temperature is given by the equation,ΔS = R ln (Vf/Vi).What is the entropy change associated with the expansion of three moles of an ideal gas from an initial volume of Vi to a final volume of Vf at constant temperature?
(Multiple Choice)
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What is the entropy of 50 molecules in a system of 1000 boxes?
(Short Answer)
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The figure below represents the spontaneous reaction of H2 (shaded spheres)with O2 (unshaded spheres)to produce gaseous H2O.
-How will the spontaneity of this reaction vary with temperature? This reaction is
(Multiple Choice)
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Assume a heteronuclear diatomic molecule,AB,forms a one-dimensional crystal by lining up along the x-axis.Also assume that each molecule can only have one of six possible orientations,corresponding to atom A facing in either the positive or negative direction along the x-,y-,or z-axis.If the molecules are arranged randomly in the six directions,the molar entropy at absolute zero should be
(Multiple Choice)
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The most common white pigment until the 1880s was lead white,sometimes called basic lead carbonate: (PbCO3)2Pb(OH)2.Paintings containing lead white turned black in the presence of moist H2S from natural sources and polluted air due to the formation of PbS.The PbCO3 portion of this reaction is shown below.
PbCO3(s)+ H2S(aq)→ PbS(s)+ H2CO3(aq)
If ΔH° = -60.9 kJ/mol and ΔS° = 26.6 J/K,what are ΔSsurr and ΔStotal for this reaction at 25°C?
(Short Answer)
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The entropy of water at 30° is ________ than the entropy of water at 37°C.
(Short Answer)
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When equilibrium is reached at constant temperature and pressure,
(Multiple Choice)
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The signs of ΔG,ΔH,and ΔS at 25°C are shown below for three reactions. reaction ΔG ΔH ΔS
I.- + +
II.- - +
III.- - -
Which reaction could go in the reverse direction at high temperature?
(Multiple Choice)
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Calculate the standard free energy change at 25°C for the reaction 2 NO(g)+ O2(g)→ 2 NO2(g). 
(Multiple Choice)
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The chemical system shown below is at equilibrium.Which change in conditions will not result in a spontaneous forward reaction? N2(g)+ 3 H2(g)⇌ 2 NH3(g)Kp = 4 × 105
(Multiple Choice)
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Water can be made from elemental hydrogen and oxygen.Which equation can be used to determine ΔGform from its elemental parts?
(Multiple Choice)
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A reaction for which ΔH° = + 98.8 kJ and ΔS° = + 141.5 J/K is ________ (spontaneous or nonspontaneous)at low temperatures and ________ (spontaneous or nonspontaneous)at high temperatures.
(Short Answer)
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According to the second law of thermodynamics,all reactions proceed spontaneously in the direction that increases the entropy of the
(Multiple Choice)
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What is the entropy of 12 molecules in a system of 100 boxes?
(Short Answer)
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