Question 1

Whenever possible, managers should try to use negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What are the pros and cons of using punishment as a way to eliminate dysfunctional behaviors? How can managers avoid the unintended side effects of punishment?

Accepted Answer

Administering an undesired or negative consequence when dysfunctional behavior occurs is referred to as punishment. Punishments used by organizations range from verbal reprimands to pay cuts, temporary suspensions, demotions, and firings. However, it can have some unintended side effects-resentment, loss of self-respect, a desire for retaliation-and should be used only when necessary. To avoid negative side effects, managers should: (1) downplay the emotional element involved in punishment; (2) try to punish dysfunctional behaviors as soon as possible, and that people know why they are being punished; (3) do not punish in front of others, but do let people know that offenders are punished.

Question 3

By linking positive reinforcers to the performance of functional behaviors, managers motivate people to perform the desired behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is true of Michael, a manager of stellar performance, who is driven by intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The source of his motivation lies with the bonus paycheck he receives with each accomplishment. 
B)  The source of his motivation lies with performing his role well and achieving organizational goals. 
C)  He is motivated by the societal recognition and fame his achievements bring him. 
D)  The source of his motivation lies with the censure that failure would bring him. 
E)  He is motivated by the promotion his performance will necessitate. 
A)  The source of his motivation lies with the bonus paycheck he receives with each accomplishment. 
B)  The source of his motivation lies with performing his role well and achieving organizational goals. 
C)  He is motivated by the societal recognition and fame his achievements bring him. 
D)  The source of his motivation lies with the censure that failure would bring him. 
E)  He is motivated by the promotion his performance will necessitate.

Question 5

According to McClelland, the need for _____ is the extent to which an individual desires to control or influence others.

Accepted Answer

A)  power 
B)  affiliation 
C)  belongingness 
D)  self-awareness 
E)  equity 
A)  power 
B)  affiliation 
C)  belongingness 
D)  self-awareness 
E)  equity

Question 6

According to _____ employees will be motivated to perform at a high level and attain their work goals to the extent that high performance and goal attainment allow them to obtain outcomes they desire.

Accepted Answer

A)  Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory 
B)  McClelland's three-needs theory 
C)  Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory 
D)  Victor H. Vroom's expectancy theory 
E)  B.F. Skinner's operant condition theory 
A)  Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory 
B)  McClelland's three-needs theory 
C)  Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory 
D)  Victor H. Vroom's expectancy theory 
E)  B.F. Skinner's operant condition theory

Question 7

According Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as countries become wealthier and have higher standards of living, _____ needs are likely to be the prime motivators of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological 
B)  safety 
C)  self-actualization 
D)  operational 
E)  experiential 
A)  physiological 
B)  safety 
C)  self-actualization 
D)  operational 
E)  experiential

Question 8

Which of the following managers is driven by intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Manuela, who works hard because of the sense of satisfaction that doing so gives her 
B)  Derek, who works hard because of the incentives he receives each quarter 
C)  Jolie, who works hard because she knows that by doing so, she will be promoted 
D)  Luca, who works hard because of the recognition his achievements bring him 
E)  Diane, who works hard because she knows that if she doesn't do so, she will be fired 
A)  Manuela, who works hard because of the sense of satisfaction that doing so gives her 
B)  Derek, who works hard because of the incentives he receives each quarter 
C)  Jolie, who works hard because she knows that by doing so, she will be promoted 
D)  Luca, who works hard because of the recognition his achievements bring him 
E)  Diane, who works hard because she knows that if she doesn't do so, she will be fired

Question 9

Both easy and moderate goals have less motivational power than difficult goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Define motivation and describe the psychological factors that contribute to motivation.

Accepted Answer

Motivation may be defined as psychologic

Question 11

Managers who derive a sense of accomplishment and achievement from helping the organization achieve its goals and gain competitive advantages are extrinsically motivated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to Alderfer's ERG theory, as lower-level needs become satisfied, a person seeks to satisfy higher-level needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When _____ reinforcement is used, people are motivated to perform behaviors because they want to stop receiving or avoid undesired outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  absolute 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  negative 
E)  extrinsic 
A)  positive 
B)  absolute 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  negative 
E)  extrinsic

Question 14

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs does a company satisfy when it organizes a picnic or holiday party for its employees?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physiological needs 
B)  Safety needs 
C)  Self-awareness needs 
D)  Belongingness needs 
E)  Self-actualization needs 
A)  Physiological needs 
B)  Safety needs 
C)  Self-awareness needs 
D)  Belongingness needs 
E)  Self-actualization needs

Question 15

Equity exists when a person perceives his or her own outcome-input ratio to be equal to a referent's outcome-input ratio.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Identifying the right behavior for positive reinforcement is a straightforward and easy task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Needs hierarchy theory 
B)  ERG theory 
C)  Equity theory 
D)  Operant conditioning theory 
E)  Social learning theory 
A)  Needs hierarchy theory 
B)  ERG theory 
C)  Equity theory 
D)  Operant conditioning theory 
E)  Social learning theory

Question 18

From a motivation standpoint, stock options are used not so much to motivate employees to work in the future for the good of the company but to reward them for past performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The source of extrinsic motivation lies with actually performing the behavior and not with its consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to McClelland, the need for affiliation is the extent to which an individual is concerned about having the people around him or her get along with each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Whenever possible, managers should try to use negative reinforcement.

What are the pros and cons of using punishment as a way to eliminate dysfunctional behaviors? How can managers avoid the unintended side effects of punishment?

By linking positive reinforcers to the performance of functional behaviors, managers motivate people to perform the desired behaviors.

Which of the following is true of Michael, a manager of stellar performance, who is driven by intrinsic motivation?

According to McClelland, the need for _____ is the extent to which an individual desires to control or influence others.

According to _____ employees will be motivated to perform at a high level and attain their work goals to the extent that high performance and goal attainment allow them to obtain outcomes they desire.

According Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as countries become wealthier and have higher standards of living, _____ needs are likely to be the prime motivators of behavior.

Which of the following managers is driven by intrinsic motivation?

Both easy and moderate goals have less motivational power than difficult goals.

Define motivation and describe the psychological factors that contribute to motivation.

Managers who derive a sense of accomplishment and achievement from helping the organization achieve its goals and gain competitive advantages are extrinsically motivated.

According to Alderfer's ERG theory, as lower-level needs become satisfied, a person seeks to satisfy higher-level needs.

When _____ reinforcement is used, people are motivated to perform behaviors because they want to stop receiving or avoid undesired outcomes.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs does a company satisfy when it organizes a picnic or holiday party for its employees?

Equity exists when a person perceives his or her own outcome-input ratio to be equal to a referent's outcome-input ratio.

Identifying the right behavior for positive reinforcement is a straightforward and easy task.

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

From a motivation standpoint, stock options are used not so much to motivate employees to work in the future for the good of the company but to reward them for past performance.

The source of extrinsic motivation lies with actually performing the behavior and not with its consequences.

According to McClelland, the need for affiliation is the extent to which an individual is concerned about having the people around him or her get along with each other.

Managers and Managing

The Evolution of Management

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: the Manager As a Person

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Managing Diverse Employees in a Multicultural Environment

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

The Manager As a Planner and a Strategist

Value Chain Management: Functional Strategies for Competitive Advantage

Managing Organizational Structure and Culture

Organizational Control and Change

Human Resource Management

Leadership

Effective Groups and Teams

Promoting Effective Communication

Managing Conflict, Politics, and Negotiation

Used Advanced Information Technology to Increase Performance

Filters

Exam 13: Motivation Performance

Whenever possible, managers should try to use negative reinforcement.

What are the pros and cons of using punishment as a way to eliminate dysfunctional behaviors? How can managers avoid the unintended side effects of punishment?

By linking positive reinforcers to the performance of functional behaviors, managers motivate people to perform the desired behaviors.

Which of the following is true of Michael, a manager of stellar performance, who is driven by intrinsic motivation?

According to McClelland, the need for _____ is the extent to which an individual desires to control or influence others.

According to _____ employees will be motivated to perform at a high level and attain their work goals to the extent that high performance and goal attainment allow them to obtain outcomes they desire.

According Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as countries become wealthier and have higher standards of living, _____ needs are likely to be the prime motivators of behavior.

Which of the following managers is driven by intrinsic motivation?

Both easy and moderate goals have less motivational power than difficult goals.

Define motivation and describe the psychological factors that contribute to motivation.

Managers who derive a sense of accomplishment and achievement from helping the organization achieve its goals and gain competitive advantages are extrinsically motivated.

According to Alderfer's ERG theory, as lower-level needs become satisfied, a person seeks to satisfy higher-level needs.

When _____ reinforcement is used, people are motivated to perform behaviors because they want to stop receiving or avoid undesired outcomes.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs does a company satisfy when it organizes a picnic or holiday party for its employees?

Equity exists when a person perceives his or her own outcome-input ratio to be equal to a referent's outcome-input ratio.

Identifying the right behavior for positive reinforcement is a straightforward and easy task.

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

From a motivation standpoint, stock options are used not so much to motivate employees to work in the future for the good of the company but to reward them for past performance.

The source of extrinsic motivation lies with actually performing the behavior and not with its consequences.

According to McClelland, the need for affiliation is the extent to which an individual is concerned about having the people around him or her get along with each other.

Managers and Managing

The Evolution of Management

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: the Manager As a Person

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Managing Diverse Employees in a Multicultural Environment

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

The Manager As a Planner and a Strategist

Value Chain Management: Functional Strategies for Competitive Advantage

Managing Organizational Structure and Culture

Organizational Control and Change

Human Resource Management

Leadership

Effective Groups and Teams

Promoting Effective Communication

Managing Conflict, Politics, and Negotiation

Used Advanced Information Technology to Increase Performance

Filters