Question 1

The energy equivalent of a mass defect of - 0.1620 amu is which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)  - 1.458 x 1016 J 
B)  - 2.421 x 10-8 J 
C)  - 2.421 x 10-11 J 
D)  - 2.421 x 1013 J 
E)  - 1.458 x 10-11 J 
A)  - 1.458 x 1016 J 
B)  - 2.421 x 10-8 J 
C)  - 2.421 x 10-11 J 
D)  - 2.421 x 1013 J 
E)  - 1.458 x 10-11 J

Question 2

If 24% of a certain radioisotope decays in 6.5 years, what is the half-life of this isotope

Accepted Answer

A)  3.9 yr 
B)  16 yr 
C)  0.22 yr 
D)  2.2 yr 
E)  3.2 yr 
A)  3.9 yr 
B)  16 yr 
C)  0.22 yr 
D)  2.2 yr 
E)  3.2 yr

Question 3

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

Accepted Answer

A)  ions and free radicals. 
B)  isotopes. 
C)  daughter products. 
D)  oxidation. 
E)  reduction. 
A)  ions and free radicals. 
B)  isotopes. 
C)  daughter products. 
D)  oxidation. 
E)  reduction.

Question 4

What is the nuclear binding energy per nucleon, in joules, for ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Mg}$ (atomic mass 24.985839 amu)
[Data: ${ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}$ (atomic mass) = 1.007825 amu; ${ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}$ (mass) = 1.008665 amu; 1 kg = 6.022 * 1026 amu; c = 3.00 * 108 m/s]

Accepted Answer

A)  0.22076 J/nucleon 
B)  3.30 * 10-11 J/nucleon 
C)  1.32 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
D)  0.999 J/nucleon 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  0.22076 J/nucleon 
B)  3.30 * 10-11 J/nucleon 
C)  1.32 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
D)  0.999 J/nucleon 
E)  None of the above.

Question 5

Which type of nuclear process requires an extremely high temperature (millions of degrees)

Accepted Answer

A)  beta decay 
B)  fission reaction 
C)  fusion reaction 
D)  alpha decay 
E)  positron emission 
A)  beta decay 
B)  fission reaction 
C)  fusion reaction 
D)  alpha decay 
E)  positron emission

Question 6

Cobalt-60 is a beta emitter with a half-life of 5.3 years. Approximately what fraction of the cobalt-60 atoms in a particular sample will remain after 32 years

Accepted Answer

A)  1/6 
B)  1/8 
C)  1/16 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/64 
A)  1/6 
B)  1/8 
C)  1/16 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/64

Question 7

Determine the decay rate for a radioisotope sample with an activity of 12 microcuries. [1 curie = 3.7 * 1010 disintegrations/s]

Accepted Answer

A)  4.2 * 105/s 
B)  4.4 * 105/s 
C)  4.6 * 105/s 
D)  4.8 * 105/s 
E)  None of the above 
A)  4.2 * 105/s 
B)  4.4 * 105/s 
C)  4.6 * 105/s 
D)  4.8 * 105/s 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds. If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5,370 yr)

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  1 * 10-10 
C)  5.7 * 10-5 
D)  1.0 * 10-3 
E)  5.7 * 10-1 
A)  0 
B)  1 * 10-10 
C)  5.7 * 10-5 
D)  1.0 * 10-3 
E)  5.7 * 10-1

Question 9

As opposed to chemical reaction, nuclear reactions have a significant (measureable) mass change relative to the mass of the reacting species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced: ${ }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{15}^{30} \mathrm{P}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Sulfur-35 decays by beta emission. The decay product is

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{15}^{35} \mathrm{P}$ 
B)  ${ }_{16}^{34} \mathrm{~S}$ 
C)  ${ }_{30}^{31} \mathrm{Si}$ 
D)  ${ }_{17}^{34} \mathrm{Cl}$ 
E)  ${ }_{17}^{35} \mathrm{Cl}$ 
A)  ${ }_{15}^{35} \mathrm{P}$ 
B)  ${ }_{16}^{34} \mathrm{~S}$ 
C)  ${ }_{30}^{31} \mathrm{Si}$ 
D)  ${ }_{17}^{34} \mathrm{Cl}$ 
E)  ${ }_{17}^{35} \mathrm{Cl}$

Question 12

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called beta emission (or beta decay). ${ }_{26}^{59} \mathrm{Fe} \longrightarrow{ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The alpha particles emitted by radon-222 have an energy of 8.8 * 10-13 J. If a 200. g Pb brick absorbs 1.0 * 1010 alpha particles from radon decay, what dose in rads will the brick absorb

Accepted Answer

A)  3.6 rad 
B)  4.0 rad 
C)  4.4 rad 
D)  4.8 rad 
E)  None of the above 
A)  3.6 rad 
B)  4.0 rad 
C)  4.4 rad 
D)  4.8 rad 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

What would the atom ratio of 206Pb to 238U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 * 109 years old? t1/2(238U) = 4.5 * 109 yr.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.14 
B)  0.16 
C)  0.22 
D)  0.86 
E)  1.16 
A)  0.14 
B)  0.16 
C)  0.22 
D)  0.86 
E)  1.16

Question 15

Complete and balance the nuclear equation ${ }_{5}^{10} \mathrm{~B}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{7}^{13} \mathrm{~N}+$ ___________

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{-1}^{1} e$ 
B)  ${ }_{1}^{0} n$ 
C)  ${ }_{0}^{1} e$ 
D)  ${ }_{0}^{1} n$ 
E)  None of the above 
A)  ${ }_{-1}^{1} e$ 
B)  ${ }_{1}^{0} n$ 
C)  ${ }_{0}^{1} e$ 
D)  ${ }_{0}^{1} n$ 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

Decay of lutetium-167 by electron capture yields

Accepted Answer

A)  ytterbium-167. 
B)  lutetium-166. 
C)  thulium-163. 
D)  tantalum-171. 
E)  hafnium-167. 
A)  ytterbium-167. 
B)  lutetium-166. 
C)  thulium-163. 
D)  tantalum-171. 
E)  hafnium-167.

Question 17

What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after five half-lives

Accepted Answer

A)  zero 
B)  1/6 
C)  1/16 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/64 
A)  zero 
B)  1/6 
C)  1/16 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/64

Question 18

Complete and balance the equation $^{234}_{~~90}\mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }_{-1}^{~~~0} \beta+?$

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{92}^{234} U$ 
B)  ${ }_{91}^{234} \mathrm{~Pa}$ 
C)  ${ }_{93}^{234} N p$ 
D)  ${ }_{90}^{233} \mathrm{Th}$ 
E)  None of the above 
A)  ${ }_{92}^{234} U$ 
B)  ${ }_{91}^{234} \mathrm{~Pa}$ 
C)  ${ }_{93}^{234} N p$ 
D)  ${ }_{90}^{233} \mathrm{Th}$ 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Present-day plant life has a carbon-14 decay rate of 16 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per gram of carbon. If a contemporary wooden chair were somehow preserved for the next 3,900 years, what 14C decay rate should be expected from the wood used to make the chair (t1/2 = 5,730 yr)

Accepted Answer

A)  26 dpm 
B)  12 dpm 
C)  11 dpm 
D)  10 dpm 
E)  8 dpm 
A)  26 dpm 
B)  12 dpm 
C)  11 dpm 
D)  10 dpm 
E)  8 dpm

Question 20

Complete and balance the equation ${ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \rightarrow{ }_{38}^{90} \mathrm{Sr}+?+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .$

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{54}^{141} \mathrm{Xe}$ 
B)  ${ }_{52}^{143} \mathrm{Te}$ 
C)  ${ }_{54}^{143} X e$ 
D)  ${ }_{54}^{141} \mathrm{Te}$ 
E)  None of the above 
A)  ${ }_{54}^{141} \mathrm{Xe}$ 
B)  ${ }_{52}^{143} \mathrm{Te}$ 
C)  ${ }_{54}^{143} X e$ 
D)  ${ }_{54}^{141} \mathrm{Te}$ 
E)  None of the above

Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

The energy equivalent of a mass defect of - 0.1620 amu is which of the following

If 24% of a certain radioisotope decays in 6.5 years, what is the half-life of this isotope

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

Which type of nuclear process requires an extremely high temperature (millions of degrees)

Cobalt-60 is a beta emitter with a half-life of 5.3 years. Approximately what fraction of the cobalt-60 atoms in a particular sample will remain after 32 years

Determine the decay rate for a radioisotope sample with an activity of 12 microcuries. [1 curie = 3.7 * 1010 disintegrations/s]

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds. If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5,370 yr)

As opposed to chemical reaction, nuclear reactions have a significant (measureable) mass change relative to the mass of the reacting species.

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced: 1327Al+24He→1530P+01n{ }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{15}^{30} \mathrm{P}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}1327​Al+24​He→1530​P+01​n

Sulfur-35 decays by beta emission. The decay product is

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called beta emission (or beta decay). 2659Fe⟶2759Co+−10β{ }_{26}^{59} \mathrm{Fe} \longrightarrow{ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta2659​Fe⟶2759​Co+−10​β

The alpha particles emitted by radon-222 have an energy of 8.8 * 10-13 J. If a 200. g Pb brick absorbs 1.0 * 1010 alpha particles from radon decay, what dose in rads will the brick absorb

What would the atom ratio of 206Pb to 238U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 * 109 years old? t1/2(238U) = 4.5 * 109 yr.

Complete and balance the nuclear equation 510 B+24He→713 N+{ }_{5}^{10} \mathrm{~B}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{7}^{13} \mathrm{~N}+510​ B+24​He→713​ N+ ___________

Decay of lutetium-167 by electron capture yields

What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after five half-lives

Complete and balance the equation 90234Th→−1 0β+?^{234}_{~~90}\mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }_{-1}^{~~~0} \beta+? 90234​Th→−1 0​β+?

Present-day plant life has a carbon-14 decay rate of 16 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per gram of carbon. If a contemporary wooden chair were somehow preserved for the next 3,900 years, what 14C decay rate should be expected from the wood used to make the chair (t1/2 = 5,730 yr)

Complete and balance the equation 92235U+01n→3890Sr+?+301n.{ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \rightarrow{ }_{38}^{90} \mathrm{Sr}+?+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .92235​U+01​n→3890​Sr+?+301​n.

Chemistry: The Study of Change

Atoms Molecules and Ions

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Gases

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Transition Metals Chemistry and Coordination Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Filters

Determine the decay rate for a radioisotope sample with an activity of 12 microcuries. [1 curie = 3.7 * 10¹⁰ disintegrations/s]

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds. If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years, what fraction of the initial ¹⁴C atoms is still there? (t_1/2 = 5,370 yr)

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced: ${ }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{15}^{30} \mathrm{P}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}$

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called beta emission (or beta decay). ${ }_{26}^{59} \mathrm{Fe} \longrightarrow{ }_{27}^{59} \mathrm{Co}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$

The alpha particles emitted by radon-222 have an energy of 8.8 * 10^-13 J. If a 200. g Pb brick absorbs 1.0 * 10¹⁰ alpha particles from radon decay, what dose in rads will the brick absorb

What would the atom ratio of ²⁰⁶Pb to ²³⁸U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 * 10⁹ years old? t_1/2(²³⁸U) = 4.5 * 10⁹ yr.

Complete and balance the nuclear equation ${ }_{5}^{10} \mathrm{~B}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \rightarrow{ }_{7}^{13} \mathrm{~N}+$ ___________

Complete and balance the equation $^{234}_{90}\mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }_{-1}^{~0} \beta+?$

Present-day plant life has a carbon-14 decay rate of 16 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per gram of carbon. If a contemporary wooden chair were somehow preserved for the next 3,900 years, what ¹⁴C decay rate should be expected from the wood used to make the chair (t_1/2 = 5,730 yr)

Complete and balance the equation ${ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \rightarrow{ }_{38}^{90} \mathrm{Sr}+?+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .$