Question 1

In order to balance the equation ${ }_{26}^{36} \mathrm{Fe}+{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H} \rightarrow{ }_{25}^{54} \mathrm{Mn}+?$ an alpha particle must be added to the right side.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

How many 14C atoms are in a charcoal sample that has a decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per min? (For 14C, t1/2 = 5,730 yr.)

Accepted Answer

A)  2.9 * 107 atoms 
B)  8.0 * 10-7 atoms 
C)  1.4 * 1014 atoms 
D)  1.5 * 1013 atoms 
E)  6.02 * 1020 atoms 
A)  2.9 * 107 atoms 
B)  8.0 * 10-7 atoms 
C)  1.4 * 1014 atoms 
D)  1.5 * 1013 atoms 
E)  6.02 * 1020 atoms

Question 3

Naturally occurring uranium contains approximately 1% U-235 and 99% U-238. Of these, the isotope that undergoes fission in a nuclear reactor is U-238.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The isotope with the greatest nuclear binding energy per nucleon is

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}$ 
B)  ${ }^{4} \mathrm{He}$ 
C)  ${ }_{6}^{14} \mathrm{C}$ 
D)  ${ }_{26}^{56} \mathrm{Fe}$ 
E)  ${ }_{92}^{238} \mathrm{U}$ 
A)  ${ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}$ 
B)  ${ }^{4} \mathrm{He}$ 
C)  ${ }_{6}^{14} \mathrm{C}$ 
D)  ${ }_{26}^{56} \mathrm{Fe}$ 
E)  ${ }_{92}^{238} \mathrm{U}$

Question 5

Radium-226 decays by alpha emission. What is its decay product

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{87}^{228} \mathrm{Fr}$ 
B)  ${ }_{86}^{222} \mathrm{Rn}$ 
C)  ${ }_{90}^{230} \mathrm{Th}$ 
D)  ${ }_{89}^{226} \mathrm{Ac}$ 
E)  ${ }_{84}^{224} \mathrm{Po}$ 
A)  ${ }_{87}^{228} \mathrm{Fr}$ 
B)  ${ }_{86}^{222} \mathrm{Rn}$ 
C)  ${ }_{90}^{230} \mathrm{Th}$ 
D)  ${ }_{89}^{226} \mathrm{Ac}$ 
E)  ${ }_{84}^{224} \mathrm{Po}$

Question 6

Carbon-11 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. Its half-life is 20.3 minutes. What fraction of the initial number of carbon-11 atoms in a sample will remain after 81 minutes

Accepted Answer

A)  1/16 
B)  1/4 
C)  1/2 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/8 
A)  1/16 
B)  1/4 
C)  1/2 
D)  1/32 
E)  1/8

Question 7

The blood volume of a patient can be measured by using chromium-51, a positron emitter, administered as a solution of sodium chromate. The nuclear equation for the decay of chromium-51 is: ${ }_{24}^{51} \mathrm{Cr} \rightarrow{ }_{23}^{51} \mathrm{~V}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \mathrm{e}$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Complete and balance the equation ${ }_{92}^{236} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C} \rightarrow ?+4{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .$

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{94}^{244} \mathrm{Pu}$ 
B)  ${ }_{98}^{248} \mathrm{Cf}$ 
C)  ${ }_{94}^{248} Pu$ 
D)  ${ }_{98}^{244} \mathrm{Cf}$ 
E)  None of the above 
A)  ${ }_{94}^{244} \mathrm{Pu}$ 
B)  ${ }_{98}^{248} \mathrm{Cf}$ 
C)  ${ }_{94}^{248} Pu$ 
D)  ${ }_{98}^{244} \mathrm{Cf}$ 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

The heaviest known isotope of hydrogen is called tritium, $^3_1$H . It decays by beta emission, and has a half-life of 12.3 years. What fraction of a tritium sample will remain after 5.20 years

Accepted Answer

A)  0.0210 
B)  0.746 
C)  3.41 
D)  0.254 
E)  0.423 
A)  0.0210 
B)  0.746 
C)  3.41 
D)  0.254 
E)  0.423

Question 10

Consider the following decay series:   What is the complete element symbol for the product labeled Y

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{83}^{127} \mathrm{Bi}$ 
B)  ${ }_{82}^{128} \mathrm{~Pb}$ 
C)  ${ }_{83}^{210} \mathrm{Bi}$ 
D)  ${ }_{82}^{210} \mathrm{~Pb}$ 
E)  ${ }_{84}^{210} \mathrm{Po}$ 
A)  ${ }_{83}^{127} \mathrm{Bi}$ 
B)  ${ }_{82}^{128} \mathrm{~Pb}$ 
C)  ${ }_{83}^{210} \mathrm{Bi}$ 
D)  ${ }_{82}^{210} \mathrm{~Pb}$ 
E)  ${ }_{84}^{210} \mathrm{Po}$

Question 11

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called neutron emission. ${ }_{56}^{125} \mathrm{Ba} \longrightarrow{ }_{55}^{125} \mathrm{Cs}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \beta$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What nuclear fuel is produced in a breeder reactor

Accepted Answer

A)  plutonium-239 
B)  uranium-239 
C)  plutonium-235 
D)  uranium-235 
E)  None of the above 
A)  plutonium-239 
B)  uranium-239 
C)  plutonium-235 
D)  uranium-235 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

A sample of a radioisotope shows an activity of 999 disintegrations per minute due to beta decay. If after 1.10 years the activity is 952 disintegrations per minute, what is the half-life of this radioisotope

Accepted Answer

A)  4.38 * 10-2 yr 
B)  11.4 yr 
C)  0.25 yr 
D)  15.8 yr 
E)  9.1 yr 
A)  4.38 * 10-2 yr 
B)  11.4 yr 
C)  0.25 yr 
D)  15.8 yr 
E)  9.1 yr

Question 14

Tritium is a radioisotope of hydrogen having a half-life of 12.3 years. If you initially had 1.0 * 10-7 mole of tritium, calculate the decay rate of the sample.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.02 * 108/s 
B)  1.04 * 108/s 
C)  1.06 * 108/s 
D)  1.08 * 108/s 
E)  None of the above 
A)  1.02 * 108/s 
B)  1.04 * 108/s 
C)  1.06 * 108/s 
D)  1.08 * 108/s 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

The radioisotope potassium-40 decays to argon-40 by positron emission with a half-life of 1.3 * 109 yr. A sample of moon rock was found to contain 78 argon-40 atoms for every 22 potassium-40 atoms. The age of the rock is

Accepted Answer

A)  8.1 * 10-10 yr. 
B)  2.4 * 109 yr. 
C)  2.8 * 109 yr. 
D)  4.6 * 109 yr. 
E)  6.8 * 109 yr. 
A)  8.1 * 10-10 yr. 
B)  2.4 * 109 yr. 
C)  2.8 * 109 yr. 
D)  4.6 * 109 yr. 
E)  6.8 * 109 yr.

Question 16

When a 162Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tantalum-159 
B)  iridium-158 
C)  tantalum-158 
D)  iridium-166 
E)  None of the above 
A)  tantalum-159 
B)  iridium-158 
C)  tantalum-158 
D)  iridium-166 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

Rubidium-87 decays by beta decay with a half-life of 4.9 * 1010 yr. How many 87Rb atoms are in a moon rock sample that has a rubidium decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per hour

Accepted Answer

A)  9.0 * 1016 atoms 
B)  4.3 * 10-4 atoms 
C)  2.2 * 1018 atoms 
D)  2.5 * 1014 atoms 
E)  1.7 * 1014 atoms 
A)  9.0 * 1016 atoms 
B)  4.3 * 10-4 atoms 
C)  2.2 * 1018 atoms 
D)  2.5 * 1014 atoms 
E)  1.7 * 1014 atoms

Question 18

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years. How much strontium-90 was present initially, if after 144 years 10.0 g remain

Accepted Answer

A)  280 g 
B)  300 g 
C)  320 g 
D)  340 g 
E)  None of the above 
A)  280 g 
B)  300 g 
C)  320 g 
D)  340 g 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu) in units of joules per nucleon. [Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 * 10-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 * 10-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 * 10-28 g; NA = 6.0221367 * 1023 /mol; c = 2.99792458 * 108 m/s]

Accepted Answer

A)  2.97 * 10-10 J/nucleon 
B)  1.22 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
C)  3.04 * 10-10 J/nucleon 
D)  1.30 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
E)  1.41 * 10-12 J/nucleon
F) 1.27 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
A)  2.97 * 10-10 J/nucleon 
B)  1.22 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
C)  3.04 * 10-10 J/nucleon 
D)  1.30 * 10-12 J/nucleon 
E)  1.41 * 10-12 J/nucleon
F) 1.27 * 10-12 J/nucleon

Question 20

A balanced nuclear equation representing the beta emission of iodine-131 is which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \text{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{54}^{131} \mathrm{Xe}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$ 
B)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{51}^{127} \mathrm{Sb}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}$ 
C)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}$ 
D)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \beta$ 
E)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \mathrm{e} \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}$ 
A)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \text{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{54}^{131} \mathrm{Xe}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$ 
B)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{51}^{127} \mathrm{Sb}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}$ 
C)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}$ 
D)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I} \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \beta$ 
E)  ${ }_{53}^{131} \mathrm{I}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \mathrm{e} \longrightarrow{ }_{52}^{131} \mathrm{Te}$

Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

In order to balance the equation 2636Fe+12H→2554Mn+?{ }_{26}^{36} \mathrm{Fe}+{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H} \rightarrow{ }_{25}^{54} \mathrm{Mn}+?2636​Fe+12​H→2554​Mn+? an alpha particle must be added to the right side.

How many 14C atoms are in a charcoal sample that has a decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per min? (For 14C, t1/2 = 5,730 yr.)

Naturally occurring uranium contains approximately 1% U-235 and 99% U-238. Of these, the isotope that undergoes fission in a nuclear reactor is U-238.

The isotope with the greatest nuclear binding energy per nucleon is

Radium-226 decays by alpha emission. What is its decay product

Carbon-11 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. Its half-life is 20.3 minutes. What fraction of the initial number of carbon-11 atoms in a sample will remain after 81 minutes

Complete and balance the equation 92236U+612C→?+401n.{ }_{92}^{236} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C} \rightarrow ?+4{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .92236​U+612​C→?+401​n.

The heaviest known isotope of hydrogen is called tritium, 13^3_113​ H . It decays by beta emission, and has a half-life of 12.3 years. What fraction of a tritium sample will remain after 5.20 years

Consider the following decay series: What is the complete element symbol for the product labeled Y

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called neutron emission. 56125Ba⟶55125Cs++10β{ }_{56}^{125} \mathrm{Ba} \longrightarrow{ }_{55}^{125} \mathrm{Cs}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \beta56125​Ba⟶55125​Cs++10​β

What nuclear fuel is produced in a breeder reactor

A sample of a radioisotope shows an activity of 999 disintegrations per minute due to beta decay. If after 1.10 years the activity is 952 disintegrations per minute, what is the half-life of this radioisotope

Tritium is a radioisotope of hydrogen having a half-life of 12.3 years. If you initially had 1.0 * 10-7 mole of tritium, calculate the decay rate of the sample.

The radioisotope potassium-40 decays to argon-40 by positron emission with a half-life of 1.3 * 109 yr. A sample of moon rock was found to contain 78 argon-40 atoms for every 22 potassium-40 atoms. The age of the rock is

When a 162Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Rubidium-87 decays by beta decay with a half-life of 4.9 * 1010 yr. How many 87Rb atoms are in a moon rock sample that has a rubidium decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per hour

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years. How much strontium-90 was present initially, if after 144 years 10.0 g remain

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu) in units of joules per nucleon. [Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 * 10-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 * 10-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 * 10-28 g; NA = 6.0221367 * 1023 /mol; c = 2.99792458 * 108 m/s]

A balanced nuclear equation representing the beta emission of iodine-131 is which of the following

Chemistry: The Study of Change

Atoms Molecules and Ions

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Gases

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Transition Metals Chemistry and Coordination Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

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In order to balance the equation ${ }_{26}^{36} \mathrm{Fe}+{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H} \rightarrow{ }_{25}^{54} \mathrm{Mn}+?$ an alpha particle must be added to the right side.

How many ¹⁴C atoms are in a charcoal sample that has a decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per min? (For ¹⁴C, t_1/2 = 5,730 yr.)

Complete and balance the equation ${ }_{92}^{236} \mathrm{U}+{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C} \rightarrow ?+4{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} .$

The heaviest known isotope of hydrogen is called tritium, $^3_1$ H . It decays by beta emission, and has a half-life of 12.3 years. What fraction of a tritium sample will remain after 5.20 years

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called neutron emission. ${ }_{56}^{125} \mathrm{Ba} \longrightarrow{ }_{55}^{125} \mathrm{Cs}+{ }_{+1}^{0} \beta$

Tritium is a radioisotope of hydrogen having a half-life of 12.3 years. If you initially had 1.0 * 10^-7 mole of tritium, calculate the decay rate of the sample.

The radioisotope potassium-40 decays to argon-40 by positron emission with a half-life of 1.3 * 10⁹ yr. A sample of moon rock was found to contain 78 argon-40 atoms for every 22 potassium-40 atoms. The age of the rock is

When a ¹⁶²Re nucleus emits an alpha particle, the nuclear species that results is _____________.

Rubidium-87 decays by beta decay with a half-life of 4.9 * 10¹⁰ yr. How many ⁸⁷Rb atoms are in a moon rock sample that has a rubidium decay rate of 3,500 disintegrations per hour

Find the nuclear binding energy of uranium-234 (atomic mass = 234.040947 amu) in units of joules per nucleon. [Data: neutron mass = 1.674928 * 10^-24 g; proton mass = 1.672623 * 10^-24 g; electron mass = 9.109387 * 10^-28 g; N_A = 6.0221367 * 10²³ /mol; c = 2.99792458 * 10⁸ m/s]