Question 1

What should be the least amount of time required to rewarm a hypothermic near-drowning victim who has a core temperature of 29° C in the emergency department?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 hour 
B) 2 hours 
C) 3 hours 
D) 4 hours 
A) 1 hour 
B) 2 hours 
C) 3 hours 
D) 4 hours

Question 2

A smoke inhalation victim is having his oxygenation status evaluated in the emergency room by a therapist using a pulse oximeter,which indicates an SpO₂ (oxygen saturation as determined by pulse oximetry)of 87%.How should the therapist interpret this value?

Accepted Answer

A) As accurate 
B) Falsely high 
C) Falsely low 
D) Inconsistent 
A) As accurate 
B) Falsely high 
C) Falsely low 
D) Inconsistent

Question 3

A patient with status epilepticus has been treated with benzodiazepines and phenobarbital without success.Now a pentobarbital coma is indicated.What should the therapist do at this time?

Accepted Answer

A) Place the patient on an oxygen cannula prior to the administration of pentobarbital 
B) Place an oropharyngeal airway to avoid patient's biting the tongue 
C) Prepare to intubate and start mechanical ventilation 
D) Place the patient on noninvasive mechanical ventilation 
A) Place the patient on an oxygen cannula prior to the administration of pentobarbital 
B) Place an oropharyngeal airway to avoid patient's biting the tongue 
C) Prepare to intubate and start mechanical ventilation 
D) Place the patient on noninvasive mechanical ventilation

Question 4

The therapist is instituting hyperventilation to a child with intracranial hypertension.What should be the lowest PaCO₂ before brain ischemia can occur?

Accepted Answer

A) 50 mm Hg 
B) 40 mm Hg 
C) 35 mm Hg 
D) 25 mm Hg 
A) 50 mm Hg 
B) 40 mm Hg 
C) 35 mm Hg 
D) 25 mm Hg

Question 5

A respiratory therapist working in the emergency department has received report of a patient who suffered a traumatic brain injury and whose Glasgow Coma Scale score is 8.What should the therapist anticipate doing when the patient arrives?

Accepted Answer

A) Place a cervical collar 
B) Place an intravenous catheter 
C) Obtain a head CT scan 
D) Intubate 
A) Place a cervical collar 
B) Place an intravenous catheter 
C) Obtain a head CT scan 
D) Intubate

Question 6

What are characteristics of direct thermal burns to the upper airway?
I.Edema
II.Hemorrhage
III.Ulceration
IV.Pseudomembranous casts

Accepted Answer

A) IV only 
B) I and II only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only 
A) IV only 
B) I and II only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only

Question 7

Which of the following areas is evaluated on the Glasgow Coma Scale,used for the neurologic assessment of adults,older children,and adolescents?

Accepted Answer

A) Respiratory 
B) Verbal 
C) Circulatory 
D) Olfactory 
A) Respiratory 
B) Verbal 
C) Circulatory 
D) Olfactory

Question 8

Which of the following medications is/are used to treat patients who have inhalation injury?
I.Beta-2 agonists
II.Inhaled corticosteroids
III.Racemic epinephrine
IV.N-Acetylcysteine

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) I,II,and III only 
C) I,III,and IV only 
D) II,III,and IV only 
A) I only 
B) I,II,and III only 
C) I,III,and IV only 
D) II,III,and IV only

Question 9

Why are infants and children highly vulnerable to head injury?
I.Their head is large and heavy compared with the rest of the body.
II.They lack mature judgment.
III.They are uncoordinated.
IV.They tend to move too fast.

Accepted Answer

A) I and III only 
B) II and IV only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only 
A) I and III only 
B) II and IV only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only

Question 10

Which of the following conditions results from the fracture of adjacent ribs in at least two places along the same ribs?

Accepted Answer

A) Pneumothorax 
B) Respiratory alternans 
C) Flail chest 
D) Condochondritis 
A) Pneumothorax 
B) Respiratory alternans 
C) Flail chest 
D) Condochondritis

Question 11

In the emergency room,a patient with smoke inhalation injury will tend to display which of the following clinical signs?

Accepted Answer

A) Chest radiograph demonstrating focal infiltrates 
B) Singed nasal vibrissae 
C) Inspiratory and expiratory stridor 
D) Mucoid sputum 
A) Chest radiograph demonstrating focal infiltrates 
B) Singed nasal vibrissae 
C) Inspiratory and expiratory stridor 
D) Mucoid sputum

Question 12

Which of the following medications should be considered during the hypermetabolic state of a patient who has a burn injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Catabolic agents 
B) Antiadrenergics 
C) Diuretics 
D) Inotropes 
A) Catabolic agents 
B) Antiadrenergics 
C) Diuretics 
D) Inotropes

Question 13

A child with a head injury displays bruising discolorations around the orbits,or "raccoon eyes." What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) Direct trauma to the eyes 
B) Frontal trauma 
C) Basilar skull fracture 
D) Brain herniation 
A) Direct trauma to the eyes 
B) Frontal trauma 
C) Basilar skull fracture 
D) Brain herniation

Question 14

Which of the following conditions is the most commonly associated with penetrating chest trauma?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonary contusion 
B) Hemothorax 
C) Empyema 
D) Pleural effusion 
A) Pulmonary contusion 
B) Hemothorax 
C) Empyema 
D) Pleural effusion

Question 15

What is the purpose of the "rule of nines"?

Accepted Answer

A) To categorize the degree of burn injury 
B) To triage the body to determine which area demands immediate attention 
C) To estimate the percent body surface area burned 
D) To ascertain the percent of skin grafting needed 
A) To categorize the degree of burn injury 
B) To triage the body to determine which area demands immediate attention 
C) To estimate the percent body surface area burned 
D) To ascertain the percent of skin grafting needed

Question 16

A child is admitted to the emergency department displaying an abnormal breathing pattern consisting of random,ineffective,haphazard breaths and pauses.What is the name of this breathing pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) Apneustic 
B) Ataxic 
C) Cheyne Stokes 
D) Primary alveolar hypoventilation 
A) Apneustic 
B) Ataxic 
C) Cheyne Stokes 
D) Primary alveolar hypoventilation

Question 17

A penetrating chest wall trauma that produces a ball-valve type injury of the visceral pleura frequently produces which type of condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Empyema 
B) Hydrothorax 
C) Flail chest 
D) Tension pneumothorax 
A) Empyema 
B) Hydrothorax 
C) Flail chest 
D) Tension pneumothorax

Question 18

What appears to be the advantage of using high-frequency percussive ventilation instead of conventional mechanical ventilation?
I.Less barotrauma
II.Lower oxygen concentrations
III.Lower tidal volumes (VTs)
IV.Lower inspiratory pressures

Accepted Answer

A) I and IV only 
B) II and III only 
C) I,II,and IV only 
D) II,III,and IV only 
A) I and IV only 
B) II and III only 
C) I,II,and IV only 
D) II,III,and IV only

Question 19

The presence of entrance wounds below the level of the nipples suggests which of the following types of injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Spinal cord injury 
B) Thoracic cage damage 
C) Esophageal injury 
D) Intra-abdominal injury 
A) Spinal cord injury 
B) Thoracic cage damage 
C) Esophageal injury 
D) Intra-abdominal injury

Question 20

Which of the following types of victims should be admitted to the hospital despite being stable in the emergency room after a submersion injury?
I.Patients with any degree of respiratory compromise
II.Victims who needed rescue breathing
III.Patients who experienced a loss of consciousness
IV.Victims who were combatant at the scene

Accepted Answer

A) I and III only 
B) II and IV only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only 
A) I and III only 
B) II and IV only 
C) I,II,and III only 
D) II,III,and IV only

Exam 31: Pediatric Trauma

What should be the least amount of time required to rewarm a hypothermic near-drowning victim who has a core temperature of 29° C in the emergency department?

A smoke inhalation victim is having his oxygenation status evaluated in the emergency room by a therapist using a pulse oximeter,which indicates an SpO₂ (oxygen saturation as determined by pulse oximetry)of 87%.How should the therapist interpret this value?

A patient with status epilepticus has been treated with benzodiazepines and phenobarbital without success.Now a pentobarbital coma is indicated.What should the therapist do at this time?

The therapist is instituting hyperventilation to a child with intracranial hypertension.What should be the lowest PaCO₂ before brain ischemia can occur?

A respiratory therapist working in the emergency department has received report of a patient who suffered a traumatic brain injury and whose Glasgow Coma Scale score is 8.What should the therapist anticipate doing when the patient arrives?

What are characteristics of direct thermal burns to the upper airway? I.Edema II.Hemorrhage III.Ulceration IV.Pseudomembranous casts

Which of the following areas is evaluated on the Glasgow Coma Scale,used for the neurologic assessment of adults,older children,and adolescents?

Which of the following medications is/are used to treat patients who have inhalation injury? I.Beta-2 agonists II.Inhaled corticosteroids III.Racemic epinephrine IV.N-Acetylcysteine

Why are infants and children highly vulnerable to head injury? I.Their head is large and heavy compared with the rest of the body. II.They lack mature judgment. III.They are uncoordinated. IV.They tend to move too fast.

Which of the following conditions results from the fracture of adjacent ribs in at least two places along the same ribs?

In the emergency room,a patient with smoke inhalation injury will tend to display which of the following clinical signs?

Which of the following medications should be considered during the hypermetabolic state of a patient who has a burn injury?

A child with a head injury displays bruising discolorations around the orbits,or "raccoon eyes." What does this indicate?

Which of the following conditions is the most commonly associated with penetrating chest trauma?

What is the purpose of the "rule of nines"?

A child is admitted to the emergency department displaying an abnormal breathing pattern consisting of random,ineffective,haphazard breaths and pauses.What is the name of this breathing pattern?

A penetrating chest wall trauma that produces a ball-valve type injury of the visceral pleura frequently produces which type of condition?

What appears to be the advantage of using high-frequency percussive ventilation instead of conventional mechanical ventilation? I.Less barotrauma II.Lower oxygen concentrations III.Lower tidal volumes (VTs) IV.Lower inspiratory pressures

The presence of entrance wounds below the level of the nipples suggests which of the following types of injury?

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