Exam 13: Airway Management

Which of the following conditions associated with upper airway obstruction may cause respiratory failure and require an artificial airway? I.Laryngotracheobronchitis II.Pneumonia III.Epiglottitis IV.Subglottic stenosis

A 5-year-old child is brought to the emergency department in severe respiratory distress with a diagnosis of epiglottitis.What measures must be performed to secure the child's airway?

What is considered the best predictor of a successful extubation?

The therapist is measuring the intracuff pressure of a pediatric ETT.Where should the pressure be maintained to avoid complications?

Which of the following anatomic differences between the larynx of an infant and that of an adult makes blind nasal intubation of the infant more difficult?

What are the most common causes of death in tracheotomy-dependent children?

What conditions should be met before considering decannulation? I.Original indication for tracheostomy has resolved II.Tolerance of a Passey-Muir valve most of the day III.No need for suctioning IV.Absence of fever

The therapist is trying to confirm the proper placement of an endotracheal tube of an infant.Auscultation reveals breath sounds over both the stomach and the chest wall.What should the therapist do?

What is the purpose of placing a small towel under the occiput of a 4-year-old patient who is undergoing oral intubation?

Which of the following criteria are used to define ventilatory and hypoxemic dysfunction in patients who may need intubation? I.PaO₂ < 80 mm Hg with FiO₂ > 0.60 II.PaCO₂ > 50-60 mm Hg III.pH < 7.3 IV.PaO₂/FiO₂ > 250

Which of the following conditions is considered a disadvantage of nasotracheal intubation in neonates?

A child orally intubated because of laryngotracheal stenosis has an air leak at 25 cm H₂O.What action does the therapist take now?

Which of the following conditions are considered contraindications for nasotracheal intubation? I.Bleeding diathesis II.Facial trauma III.Temporal skull fracture IV.Choanal atresia

Where should the therapist secure a 4.0-mm endotracheal tube after the intubation procedure?

Ideally,how many hours after last feeding should a therapist consider before changing a tracheostomy tube to minimize the risk of vomiting and aspiration?

How should the therapist determine the depth of insertion of an endotracheal tube marked with three rings in an infant during the intubation procedure?

Where is the tracheostomy tube usually placed in children?

Prior to 2005,why were endotracheal tubes (ETTs)without cuffs routinely recommended for children less than 8 years of age?

How should the therapist confirm proper placement of an endotracheal tube?

Where in the upper airway of an infant should the laryngoscope straight blade be placed to expose the glottis during endotracheal intubation?