Exam 26: Pediatric Airway Disorders and Pulmonary Infections

A child presents to the emergency department with fever,tachypnea,nasal flaring,and shallow breathing.The physical exam of the chest reveals the presence of crackles,increased tactile fremitus,and dullness to percussion.What should the therapist suspect the diagnosis is?

The therapist is evaluating a child in the emergency department who displays the following signs: inability to cry,ineffective cough,high-pitched inspiratory sound,and cyanosis.What should the therapist suspect?

Which of the following lateral neck radiographic presentations is characteristic of laryngotracheobronchitis?

In the ER,a chest radiograph reveals dilation of the segmental and subsegmental bronchi.The patient complains of expectorating copious amounts of thick mucus and frequent lung infections over the last year.Which of the following conditions does this child likely have?

A therapist has been asked to evaluate a child suspected of having foreign body aspiration.Which of the following clinical conditions would guide the therapist to the diagnosis?

An 11-month-old child has been treated with bronchodilators for persistent wheezing without a positive clinical response.Which of the following conditions should the therapist suspect?

A 10-month-old child has been brought into the emergency room (ER)by her parents,who state that after few days with low-grade fever,malaise,and rhinorrhea,their child presented with a "barking" cough and increased work of breathing.What condition is this child likely exhibiting?

Diagnosis of TB in children requires which of the following special considerations?

Why does a respiratory syncytial viral infection have little adverse effect on an older child but is often life threatening to a younger child?

As the therapist auscultates over an infant's larynx,he hears a very low-pitched sound.On the basis of this finding,what impression is he likely to have regarding the nature of the upper airway obstruction?

A 3-year-old child has the following clinical presentations in the ER: Profound nasal congestion and productive cough Chest auscultation revealing diffuse coarse,"sticky" crackles (sounding like Velcro) Chest radiograph revealing lung hyperinflation with flattened hemidiaphragms What pulmonary condition does this infant likely have?

Relative to an adult's larynx,where is an infant's larynx situated?

The therapist has been asked to evaluate the chest radiograph of a 3-month-old boy with atelectasis.Which pulmonary lobe has the greatest tendency to collapse in young infants?

Why does an infant's respiratory distress from choanal atresia seem to lessen when the infant cries?

Which of the following clinical interventions are used to treat complications of sickle cell anemia? I.Supplemental oxygen II.Bronchodilators III.Diuretics IV.Red blood cell transfusions

A 3-year-old child has been diagnosed with epiglottitis and was intubated due to severe respiratory distress.After 24 hours of antibiotics the therapist is considering extubation.What will be an acceptable leak before considering extubation?

A 4-year-old child is brought into the emergency room (ER)by her parents,who state that an abrupt high fever developed along with a severe sore throat,dysphagia with drooling,and cough.In the ER the girl exhibits stridor,muffled voice without hoarseness,air hunger,and cyanosis.She also has suprasternal,substernal,and intercostal retractions,with nasal flaring,bradypnea,and dyspnea.The child is sitting upright with her chin thrust forward and her neck hyperextended in a tripod position.What condition is she likely exhibiting?

Tracheomalacia is a condition of dynamic tracheal collapse.Which of the following injurious events can be associated with this condition?

Which of the following medications should be administered to a 4-year-old child who develops postextubation stridor?

Which of the following agents has been shown to significantly reduce bronchiolitis scores?