Question 1

_____ is a negative response such as frustration or fear, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​

Accepted Answer

A) Distress​ 
B) Inequity​ 
C) Eustress​ 
D) Valence​ 
A) Distress​ 
B) Inequity​ 
C) Eustress​ 
D) Valence​ A

Question 2

In the context of Amitai Etzioni's categories of exchange relationships, which of the following statements is true of alienated relationships?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​They have high positive intensity. 
B) They have low negative intensity.​ 
C) They have low positive intensity.​ 
D) They have high negative intensity.​ 
A) ​They have high positive intensity. 
B) They have low negative intensity.​ 
C) They have low positive intensity.​ 
D) They have high negative intensity.​ D

Question 3

Identify the seven basic strategies provided by Adam's theory for restoring equity.​

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary.Once a person establishes the existence of an inequity, she might use a number of strategies to restore equity.Adams's theory provides seven basic strategies for restoring equity: alter the person's outcomes, alter the person's inputs, alter the comparison other's outcomes, alter the comparison other's inputs, change who is used as a comparison other, rationalize the inequity, and leave the organizational situation.Each of the first four strategies could involve a wide variety of tactics.Please see the section "Social Exchange and Equity Theory" for more information.

Question 4

_____ are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other and contributes accordingly to the exchange.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​Committed involvements 
B) Alienated involvements​ 
C) Calculated involvements​ 
D) Dedicated involvements​ 
A) ​Committed involvements 
B) Alienated involvements​ 
C) Calculated involvements​ 
D) Dedicated involvements​

Question 5

According to Adams's theory of inequity, which of the following is a strategy for restoring equity?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​Rationalize the equity 
B) Alter a person's inputs​ 
C) Include a hierarchy​ 
D) Stay in the organizational situation​ 
A) ​Rationalize the equity 
B) Alter a person's inputs​ 
C) Include a hierarchy​ 
D) Stay in the organizational situation​

Question 6

Which of the following best describes eustress?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​It is the value, or importance, one places on a particular reward. 
B) It is a negative response such as frustration, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​ 
C) It is a positive response to challenges that generates energy and motivates an individual to achieve.​ 
D) It is the belief that performance is related to rewards.​ 
A) ​It is the value, or importance, one places on a particular reward. 
B) It is a negative response such as frustration, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​ 
C) It is a positive response to challenges that generates energy and motivates an individual to achieve.​ 
D) It is the belief that performance is related to rewards.​

Question 7

Expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that value individualism.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The _____ encouraged hard work on the grounds that prosperous workers were more likely to find a place in heaven.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​psychoanalytic approach 
B) Spirit of Socialism​ 
C) Protestant ethic​ 
D) sociocultural perspective​ 
A) ​psychoanalytic approach 
B) Spirit of Socialism​ 
C) Protestant ethic​ 
D) sociocultural perspective​

Question 9

Clayton Alderfer's regression hypothesis suggests that:​

Accepted Answer

A) ​as one level of need is met, a person regresses to the next lower level of need as a source of motivation. 
B) people with a high need for achievement seek performance excellence, enjoy difficult and challenging goals, persevere, and are competitive.​ 
C) people are frustrated by their inability to meet needs at the next higher needs in the hierarchy; hence, they regress to the next lower category of needs.​ 
D) the presence of motivation factors is not essential to enhancing employee motivation to excel at work.​ 
A) ​as one level of need is met, a person regresses to the next lower level of need as a source of motivation. 
B) people with a high need for achievement seek performance excellence, enjoy difficult and challenging goals, persevere, and are competitive.​ 
C) people are frustrated by their inability to meet needs at the next higher needs in the hierarchy; hence, they regress to the next lower category of needs.​ 
D) the presence of motivation factors is not essential to enhancing employee motivation to excel at work.​

Question 10

Which of the following is true of the expectancy theory of motivation?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​It takes into account the irrational choices that individuals may make. 
B) It is easy to test because of its simplicity.​ 
C) It is time-consuming, and the values for each construct change over time for an individual.​ 
D) It ignores individuals' perception of the relationship between effort and performance.​ 
A) ​It takes into account the irrational choices that individuals may make. 
B) It is easy to test because of its simplicity.​ 
C) It is time-consuming, and the values for each construct change over time for an individual.​ 
D) It ignores individuals' perception of the relationship between effort and performance.​

Question 11

In the context of external incentives, _____ considers both psychological needs and external incentives to motivate workers.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​psychodynamic theory 
B) ​industrial psychology 
C) psychological ownership​ 
D) organizational behavior​ 
A) ​psychodynamic theory 
B) ​industrial psychology 
C) psychological ownership​ 
D) organizational behavior​

Question 12

Expectancy theory attributes motivational problems to:​

Accepted Answer

A) ​disbelief in a relationship between effort and performance. 
B) a desire for the rewards offered.​ 
C) belief in a relationship between performance and rewards.​ 
D) one's own self-interest.​ 
A) ​disbelief in a relationship between effort and performance. 
B) a desire for the rewards offered.​ 
C) belief in a relationship between performance and rewards.​ 
D) one's own self-interest.​

Question 13

_____ of motivation give primary consideration to variables within an individual that lead to motivation and behavior.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​External theories 
B) Process theories​ 
C) Internal theories​ 
D) Route theories​ 
A) ​External theories 
B) Process theories​ 
C) Internal theories​ 
D) Route theories​

Question 14

Theory X assumptions have inspired employee participation programs.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Frederick Taylor, the founder of scientific management, examined labor efficiency and effectiveness.His goal was to change:​

Accepted Answer

A) ​the relationship between technology and labor efficiency. 
B) the relationship between management and labor from one of conflict to one of cooperation.​ 
C) the work conditions related to satisfaction of the need for psychological growth.​ 
D) the motivation factors that relate to job satisfaction and the hygiene factors that relate to job dissatisfaction.​ 
A) ​the relationship between technology and labor efficiency. 
B) the relationship between management and labor from one of conflict to one of cooperation.​ 
C) the work conditions related to satisfaction of the need for psychological growth.​ 
D) the motivation factors that relate to job satisfaction and the hygiene factors that relate to job dissatisfaction.​

Question 16

Managers can make the most of Maslow's need hierarchy for success in their teams by:​

Accepted Answer

A) ​recognizing that each individual has a unique set of needs and therefore gearing incentives to meet various needs. 
B) organizing each individual's needs into the categories of existence, relatedness, and growth.​ 
C) recognizing individual's needs for achievement, power, and affiliation.​ 
D) focusing on each individual's needs or the rewards or punishment meted out in the work environment.​ 
A) ​recognizing that each individual has a unique set of needs and therefore gearing incentives to meet various needs. 
B) organizing each individual's needs into the categories of existence, relatedness, and growth.​ 
C) recognizing individual's needs for achievement, power, and affiliation.​ 
D) focusing on each individual's needs or the rewards or punishment meted out in the work environment.​

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of benevolents?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​These people may be thought of as takers. 
B) These people may be thought of as givers.​ 
C) They are comfortable only with an equity ratio greater than that of their comparison other.​ 
D) They prefer equity based on the originally formed theory.​ 
A) ​These people may be thought of as takers. 
B) These people may be thought of as givers.​ 
C) They are comfortable only with an equity ratio greater than that of their comparison other.​ 
D) They prefer equity based on the originally formed theory.​

Question 18

In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, which of the following is true of evaluation systems?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​They are meant to enhance a person's belief that effort will improve performance and therefore lead to better pay. 
B) They are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other.​ 
C) They stress the role of energy recovery in overall performance.​ 
D) They consider power and exchange important in understanding human behavior.​ 
A) ​They are meant to enhance a person's belief that effort will improve performance and therefore lead to better pay. 
B) They are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other.​ 
C) They stress the role of energy recovery in overall performance.​ 
D) They consider power and exchange important in understanding human behavior.​

Question 19

There are no cultural differences with regard to Maslow's, McClelland's, and Herzberg's theories.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Eustress is a negative response such as frustration or fear which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

_____ is a negative response such as frustration or fear, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.

In the context of Amitai Etzioni's categories of exchange relationships, which of the following statements is true of alienated relationships?

Identify the seven basic strategies provided by Adam's theory for restoring equity.

_____ are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other and contributes accordingly to the exchange.

According to Adams's theory of inequity, which of the following is a strategy for restoring equity?

Which of the following best describes eustress?

Expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that value individualism.

The _____ encouraged hard work on the grounds that prosperous workers were more likely to find a place in heaven.

Clayton Alderfer's regression hypothesis suggests that:

Which of the following is true of the expectancy theory of motivation?

In the context of external incentives, _____ considers both psychological needs and external incentives to motivate workers.

Expectancy theory attributes motivational problems to:

_____ of motivation give primary consideration to variables within an individual that lead to motivation and behavior.

Theory X assumptions have inspired employee participation programs.

Frederick Taylor, the founder of scientific management, examined labor efficiency and effectiveness.His goal was to change:

Managers can make the most of Maslow's need hierarchy for success in their teams by:

Which of the following statements is true of benevolents?

In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, which of the following is true of evaluation systems?

There are no cultural differences with regard to Maslow's, McClelland's, and Herzberg's theories.

Eustress is a negative response such as frustration or fear which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions and Ethics

Learning and Performance Management

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters

Exam 5: Motivation at Work

_____ is a negative response such as frustration or fear, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​

In the context of Amitai Etzioni's categories of exchange relationships, which of the following statements is true of alienated relationships?​

Identify the seven basic strategies provided by Adam's theory for restoring equity.​

_____ are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other and contributes accordingly to the exchange.​

According to Adams's theory of inequity, which of the following is a strategy for restoring equity?​

Which of the following best describes eustress?​

Expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that value individualism.​

The _____ encouraged hard work on the grounds that prosperous workers were more likely to find a place in heaven.​

Clayton Alderfer's regression hypothesis suggests that:​

Which of the following is true of the expectancy theory of motivation?​

In the context of external incentives, _____ considers both psychological needs and external incentives to motivate workers.​

Expectancy theory attributes motivational problems to:​

_____ of motivation give primary consideration to variables within an individual that lead to motivation and behavior.​

Theory X assumptions have inspired employee participation programs.​

Frederick Taylor, the founder of scientific management, examined labor efficiency and effectiveness.His goal was to change:​

Managers can make the most of Maslow's need hierarchy for success in their teams by:​

Which of the following statements is true of benevolents?​

In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, which of the following is true of evaluation systems?​

There are no cultural differences with regard to Maslow's, McClelland's, and Herzberg's theories.​

Eustress is a negative response such as frustration or fear which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.​

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions and Ethics

Learning and Performance Management

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters

_____ is a negative response such as frustration or fear, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.

In the context of Amitai Etzioni's categories of exchange relationships, which of the following statements is true of alienated relationships?

Identify the seven basic strategies provided by Adam's theory for restoring equity.

_____ are based on the notion of social exchange in which each party in the relationship demands certain things of the other and contributes accordingly to the exchange.

According to Adams's theory of inequity, which of the following is a strategy for restoring equity?

Which of the following best describes eustress?

Expectancy theory does not hold up well in cultures that value individualism.

The _____ encouraged hard work on the grounds that prosperous workers were more likely to find a place in heaven.

Clayton Alderfer's regression hypothesis suggests that:

Which of the following is true of the expectancy theory of motivation?

In the context of external incentives, _____ considers both psychological needs and external incentives to motivate workers.

Expectancy theory attributes motivational problems to:

_____ of motivation give primary consideration to variables within an individual that lead to motivation and behavior.

Theory X assumptions have inspired employee participation programs.

Frederick Taylor, the founder of scientific management, examined labor efficiency and effectiveness.His goal was to change:

Managers can make the most of Maslow's need hierarchy for success in their teams by:

Which of the following statements is true of benevolents?

In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, which of the following is true of evaluation systems?

There are no cultural differences with regard to Maslow's, McClelland's, and Herzberg's theories.

Eustress is a negative response such as frustration or fear which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results.