Question 1

The most commonly used polymerase is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli 37 DNA polymerase 
B)  Taq DNA polymerase 
C)  Mg DNA polymerase 
D)  Dds DNA polymerase 
A)  Escherichia coli 37 DNA polymerase 
B)  Taq DNA polymerase 
C)  Mg DNA polymerase 
D)  Dds DNA polymerase

Question 2

Uses of probes include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Microbial pathogen detection 
B)  Gene expression analysis 
C)  Abnormal WBC detection 
D)  Chromosomal translocations 
A)  Microbial pathogen detection 
B)  Gene expression analysis 
C)  Abnormal WBC detection 
D)  Chromosomal translocations

Question 3

The principle of in-solution hybridization is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The hybridization between a labeled probe and target nucleic acids in a liquid solution in tubes or in microtiter wells 
B)  The hybridization between an immobilized labeled probe and target nucleic acids in a liquid solution in tubes or in microtiter wells 
C)  The hybridization between a labeled probe in solution and immobilized target nucleic acids 
D)  When two solutions are combined and hybridization occurs between the probe and the target, then the tube is centrifuged to detect the precipitated hybridized target and probes 
A)  The hybridization between a labeled probe and target nucleic acids in a liquid solution in tubes or in microtiter wells 
B)  The hybridization between an immobilized labeled probe and target nucleic acids in a liquid solution in tubes or in microtiter wells 
C)  The hybridization between a labeled probe in solution and immobilized target nucleic acids 
D)  When two solutions are combined and hybridization occurs between the probe and the target, then the tube is centrifuged to detect the precipitated hybridized target and probes

Question 4

A Scorpion primer:

Accepted Answer

A)  Extends the DNA polymerase's range 
B)  Is directed at a specific DNA target sequence 
C)  Uses a single oligonucleotide to prime a specific sequence and to detect accumulated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product 
D)  Uses several oligonucleotides to prime sequences and acts as the beacon probe to detect hybrids 
A)  Extends the DNA polymerase's range 
B)  Is directed at a specific DNA target sequence 
C)  Uses a single oligonucleotide to prime a specific sequence and to detect accumulated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product 
D)  Uses several oligonucleotides to prime sequences and acts as the beacon probe to detect hybrids

Question 5

This piece of instrumentation is an integral part of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)process.

Accepted Answer

A)  Centrifuge 
B)  Thermal cycler 
C)  Electrophoretic chamber 
D)  Chemiluminescent detector 
A)  Centrifuge 
B)  Thermal cycler 
C)  Electrophoretic chamber 
D)  Chemiluminescent detector

Question 6

In situ hybridization,first described in 1969,is where:

Accepted Answer

A)  Both RNA and DNA molecules can be detected simultaneously 
B)  Protein molecules can be detected in tissue specimens 
C)  A piece of tissue is soaked in a DNA solution, eliciting antinuclear antibodies in the tissue. 
D)  DNA or RNA can be detected directly in tissue with labeled probes. 
A)  Both RNA and DNA molecules can be detected simultaneously 
B)  Protein molecules can be detected in tissue specimens 
C)  A piece of tissue is soaked in a DNA solution, eliciting antinuclear antibodies in the tissue. 
D)  DNA or RNA can be detected directly in tissue with labeled probes.

Question 7

Multiplex PCR is good for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Simultaneously detecting two or more different targets from one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tube 
B)  Being the most sensitive method used to detect transfer RNA 
C)  Detecting PCR products at the lowest levels of any of the PCR tests 
D)  Using more than one DNA polymerase to make three to four times the amount of PCR products than standard PCR 
A)  Simultaneously detecting two or more different targets from one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tube 
B)  Being the most sensitive method used to detect transfer RNA 
C)  Detecting PCR products at the lowest levels of any of the PCR tests 
D)  Using more than one DNA polymerase to make three to four times the amount of PCR products than standard PCR

Question 8

NASBA stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleic acid sequence-based assay 
B)  Nucleic acid short-base amplification 
C)  Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification 
D)  Nucleotide amplification subsequent-base assay 
A)  Nucleic acid sequence-based assay 
B)  Nucleic acid short-base amplification 
C)  Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification 
D)  Nucleotide amplification subsequent-base assay

Question 9

The steps for performing the Southern blot test include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  After the labeled probe is hybridized to the specific target, the DNA is electrophoresed again, then dried and read. 
B)  The DNA is first digested with restriction enzymes. 
C)  Once digested, the DNA is separated and immobilized onto a solid membrane. 
D)  Labeled probe is hybridized to the specific DNA sequence. 
A)  After the labeled probe is hybridized to the specific target, the DNA is electrophoresed again, then dried and read. 
B)  The DNA is first digested with restriction enzymes. 
C)  Once digested, the DNA is separated and immobilized onto a solid membrane. 
D)  Labeled probe is hybridized to the specific DNA sequence.

Question 10

The Gen-Probe AccuProbe system uses the following technology principle:

Accepted Answer

A)  When two solutions are combined and hybridization occurs between the probe and the target, then the tube is centrifuged to detect the precipitated hybridized target and probes. 
B)  A single-stranded, chemiluminescent-labeled DNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's ribosomal RNA (rRN
A) , forming a DNA:RNA duplex. 
C)  A double-stranded, bioluminescent-labeled DNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's DNA, forming a DNA:DNA duplex. 
D)  A single-stranded, chemiluminescent-labeled RNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's ribosomal RNA (rRN
A) , forming an RNA:RNA duplex. 
A)  When two solutions are combined and hybridization occurs between the probe and the target, then the tube is centrifuged to detect the precipitated hybridized target and probes. 
B)  A single-stranded, chemiluminescent-labeled DNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's ribosomal RNA (rRN
A) , forming a DNA:RNA duplex. 
C)  A double-stranded, bioluminescent-labeled DNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's DNA, forming a DNA:DNA duplex. 
D)  A single-stranded, chemiluminescent-labeled RNA probe is designed to hybridize to the target organism's ribosomal RNA (rRN
A) , forming an RNA:RNA duplex.

Exam 11: Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

The most commonly used polymerase is:

Uses of probes include all of the following EXCEPT:

The principle of in-solution hybridization is:

A Scorpion primer:

This piece of instrumentation is an integral part of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)process.

In situ hybridization,first described in 1969,is where:

Multiplex PCR is good for:

NASBA stands for:

The steps for performing the Southern blot test include all the following EXCEPT:

The Gen-Probe AccuProbe system uses the following technology principle:

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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