Exam 2: Host-Parasite Interaction

A laboratory professional is testing a new antimicrobial soap.The tech washes her forearm,then does a culture of the skin.Which organisms should she expect to find growing in the culture?

The ability of an organism to produce disease in a susceptible individual is called:

This is a leukocidin that is lethal to leukocytes and produced by staphylococci.

Immunity to intracellular bacterial pathogens,such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis,is primarily cell mediated,through the activities of:

A subsequent exposure to the same antigen elicits a(n)_____,characterized by a rapid increase in IgG antibody associated with higher levels,a prolonged elevation,and a more gradual decline in antibody levels.

What mechanism allows strict anaerobes to grow in the cervices and areas between the teeth when plaque is present?

Healthy people are colonized by many different bacteria in many different sites.These bacteria are referred to as:

The effects of endotoxins consist of dramatic changes in all the following EXCEPT:

This class of antibodies is a pentamer.

All the following activities must occur for phagocytosis to take place and be effective in host defense EXCEPT:

Once infected with Borrelia recurrentis,a 2- to 15-day incubation period follows where high numbers of organisms are found in the blood.The infected individual experiences high fever,rigors,severe headache,muscle pains,and weakness.This febrile period lasts for about 3 to 7 days,but ends quickly with the induction of an immune response.However,a similar but less severe course of symptoms recurs several days to weeks later.What causes this relapse?

Interferon is a substance produced by the body that inhibits viral replication.Interferon accomplishes this task by:

The smaller the number of microorganisms necessary to cause infection in a competent host,the more _____ the microorganism.

Dissemination of a pathogen is:

The human body is constantly challenged by pathogens in the environment.It is not infected by every pathogen it encounters because the microbial florae:

A patient is brought to the emergency room with the following symptoms: body temperature of 102° F,blood pressure 90/60,a WBC of 2.0 cells/liter,and disseminated intravascular coagulation.This person has gram-negative rods growing in his blood.What is responsible for this condition?

Because infections can be encountered via the air,_____ can cause transmission of some pathogens.

These are low-molecular-weight proteins secreted by T cells.

After perforation of the colon,surgeons must guard against infection in the _____ because of leakage of the contents of the colon.

The most common bacterial characteristic that allows for evasion of phagocytosis by the host is: