Question 1

This staphylococcal species is associated with urinary tract infections in young,sexually active females.

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. intermedius 
C)  S. epidermidis 
D)  S. saprophyticus D

Question 2

A woman in her 20s goes to her physician complaining of burning upon urination,frequency,and general malaise.Her physician does a urine culture,and it grows out 25,000 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of a catalase-positive,coagulase-negative,novobiocin-resistant gram-positive cocci.What is the most likely pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  S. haemolyticus 
C)  S. intermedius 
D)  S. saprophyticus 
A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  S. haemolyticus 
C)  S. intermedius 
D)  S. saprophyticus D

Question 3

A young,healthy woman was rushed to the hospital with a high fever,hypotension,and shock.She hadn't been feeling well that day,but her condition progressively worsened throughout the day.She was feeling fine until a couple days after she started menstruating.What condition could this woman be exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scalded skin syndrome 
B)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
C)  Toxic shock syndrome 
D)  Food poisoning 
A)  Scalded skin syndrome 
B)  Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
C)  Toxic shock syndrome 
D)  Food poisoning C

Question 4

All of the following staphylococci are coagulase positive EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. saprophyticus 
C)  S. intermediacy 
D)  S. delphinium 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  S. saprophyticus 
C)  S. intermediacy 
D)  S. delphinium

Question 5

All of the following enzymes are produced by staphylococci EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipase 
B)  Hyaluronidase 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Protease 
A)  Lipase 
B)  Hyaluronidase 
C)  Amylase 
D)  Protease

Question 6

What are the effects of the b-hemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It acts on sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of red blood cells. 
B)  It kills polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C)  It kills macrophages. 
D)  It lyses red blood cells, damages platelets and macrophages, and can cause severe tissue damage. 
A)  It acts on sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of red blood cells. 
B)  It kills polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C)  It kills macrophages. 
D)  It lyses red blood cells, damages platelets and macrophages, and can cause severe tissue damage.

Question 7

What is the mechanism by which toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1)causes toxic shock syndrome (TSS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacteria release the toxin into the blood and it goes to the hypothalamus to produce an extremely high fever. 
B)  The bacteria release the toxin into the gastrointestinal system where phagocytes engulf the bacteria, leaving a pseudomembrane that irritates the colon. 
C)  The toxin is a superantigen that stimulates T-cell proliferation with production of large amounts of cytokines. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  The bacteria release the toxin into the blood and it goes to the hypothalamus to produce an extremely high fever. 
B)  The bacteria release the toxin into the gastrointestinal system where phagocytes engulf the bacteria, leaving a pseudomembrane that irritates the colon. 
C)  The toxin is a superantigen that stimulates T-cell proliferation with production of large amounts of cytokines. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 8

The two most common species of coagulase-negative staphylococci are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis 
B)  S. capitus and S. lugdunensis 
C)  S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus 
D)  S. saccharolyticus and S. epidermidis 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis 
B)  S. capitus and S. lugdunensis 
C)  S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus 
D)  S. saccharolyticus and S. epidermidis

Question 9

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are suppurative,meaning:

Accepted Answer

A)  These infections ooze lymph fluid. 
B)  The infection is filled with pus and necrotic tissues. 
C)  The acute inflammatory response gorges the area with red blood cells. 
D)  The toxins activate the coagulation system, which isolates the infection. 
A)  These infections ooze lymph fluid. 
B)  The infection is filled with pus and necrotic tissues. 
C)  The acute inflammatory response gorges the area with red blood cells. 
D)  The toxins activate the coagulation system, which isolates the infection.

Question 10

A young man goes to his physician complaining of large,raised,suppurative abscesses on his neck.The man denies having a fever or the chills.What is the name of the lesions on his neck,and what organism causes this type of lesions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis and boils 
B)  S. aureus and furuncles 
C)  S. saprophyticus and carbuncles 
D)  S. sciuri and folliculitis 
A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis and boils 
B)  S. aureus and furuncles 
C)  S. saprophyticus and carbuncles 
D)  S. sciuri and folliculitis

Question 11

Staphylococci are catalase-positive,gram-positive cocci that resemble other bacteria that are members of this family.

Accepted Answer

A)  Micrococcaceae 
B)  Streptococcus 
C)  Escherichia 
D)  Enterococcus 
A)  Micrococcaceae 
B)  Streptococcus 
C)  Escherichia 
D)  Enterococcus

Question 12

The primary reservoir for staphylococci is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ears 
B)  Mouth 
C)  Nares 
D)  Throat 
A)  Ears 
B)  Mouth 
C)  Nares 
D)  Throat

Question 13

Staphylococci resist the action of inflammatory cells by the production of toxins and enzymes,thereby establishing:

Accepted Answer

A)  A focal lesion 
B)  An infection 
C)  Toxic shock syndrome 
D)  Scalded skin syndrome 
A)  A focal lesion 
B)  An infection 
C)  Toxic shock syndrome 
D)  Scalded skin syndrome

Question 14

The development of staphylococcal infection is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Virulence of the strain 
B)  Size of the inoculum 
C)  Status of host's immune system 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Virulence of the strain 
B)  Size of the inoculum 
C)  Status of host's immune system 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

All of the following is used to describe the colonial morphology of Staphylococcus epidermidis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  b-Hemolytic 
B)  g-Hemolytic 
C)  White 
D)  Small to medium 
A)  b-Hemolytic 
B)  g-Hemolytic 
C)  White 
D)  Small to medium

Question 16

What is the function of protein A in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus?

Accepted Answer

A)  To keep the structural integrity of the cell wall and keep out antibiotics 
B)  To bind the IgG and prevent phagocytosis 
C)  To bind the IgM and inactivate natural killer cells 
D)  To block the activation of the complement cascade 
A)  To keep the structural integrity of the cell wall and keep out antibiotics 
B)  To bind the IgG and prevent phagocytosis 
C)  To bind the IgM and inactivate natural killer cells 
D)  To block the activation of the complement cascade

Question 17

How is Staphylococcus saprophyticus presumptively identified?

Accepted Answer

A)  Latex agglutination test for clumping factor 
B)  Rabbit plasma test for coagulase 
C)  Novobiocin susceptibility 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Latex agglutination test for clumping factor 
B)  Rabbit plasma test for coagulase 
C)  Novobiocin susceptibility 
D)  All of the above

Question 18

Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning is most commonly caused by these two enterotoxins.

Accepted Answer

A)  A and D 
B)  A and B 
C)  B and C 
D)  B and D 
A)  A and D 
B)  A and B 
C)  B and C 
D)  B and D

Question 19

What are the staphylococcal products that cause diarrhea and vomiting in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enterotoxins 
B)  Endotoxins 
C)  Cytolytic toxins 
D)  Cellular components, such as protein A 
A)  Enterotoxins 
B)  Endotoxins 
C)  Cytolytic toxins 
D)  Cellular components, such as protein A

Question 20

How do staphylococci spread so easily when infecting the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  They produce hyaluronidase, which hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid present in the intracellular ground substance that makes up connective tissue. 
B)  They produce lipase, which melts the fat under the skin, making it easier to spread. 
C)  The hemolysins kill the white and red blood cells; then the protease liquefies the skin protein, allowing easy penetration for the bacteria. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  They produce hyaluronidase, which hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid present in the intracellular ground substance that makes up connective tissue. 
B)  They produce lipase, which melts the fat under the skin, making it easier to spread. 
C)  The hemolysins kill the white and red blood cells; then the protease liquefies the skin protein, allowing easy penetration for the bacteria. 
D)  All of the above.

Exam 14: Staphylococci

This staphylococcal species is associated with urinary tract infections in young,sexually active females.

All of the following staphylococci are coagulase positive EXCEPT:

All of the following enzymes are produced by staphylococci EXCEPT:

What are the effects of the b-hemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus?

What is the mechanism by which toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1)causes toxic shock syndrome (TSS)?

The two most common species of coagulase-negative staphylococci are:

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are suppurative,meaning:

A young man goes to his physician complaining of large,raised,suppurative abscesses on his neck.The man denies having a fever or the chills.What is the name of the lesions on his neck,and what organism causes this type of lesions?

Staphylococci are catalase-positive,gram-positive cocci that resemble other bacteria that are members of this family.

The primary reservoir for staphylococci is:

Staphylococci resist the action of inflammatory cells by the production of toxins and enzymes,thereby establishing:

The development of staphylococcal infection is determined by:

All of the following is used to describe the colonial morphology of Staphylococcus epidermidis EXCEPT:

What is the function of protein A in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus?

How is Staphylococcus saprophyticus presumptively identified?

Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning is most commonly caused by these two enterotoxins.

What are the staphylococcal products that cause diarrhea and vomiting in humans?

How do staphylococci spread so easily when infecting the skin?

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

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Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

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Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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