Question 1

Because the ocular structures occupy only about one fifth of the orbital cavity,what fills it up?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle and skin 
B)  Fat and skin 
C)  Fat and muscle 
D)  Nerves and muscles 
A)  Muscle and skin 
B)  Fat and skin 
C)  Fat and muscle 
D)  Nerves and muscles C

Question 2

A patient who makes her own saline solution for her contact lenses is examined at her physician's office because she has a blood red,infected right eye.The doctor performs bacterial,fungal,and viral cultures,all of which are negative.What is the most probable cause of this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acanthamoeba spp. 
B)  Entamoeba spp. 
C)  Trypanosoma spp. 
D)  Leishmania spp. 
A)  Acanthamoeba spp. 
B)  Entamoeba spp. 
C)  Trypanosoma spp. 
D)  Leishmania spp. A

Question 3

Microorganisms can gain entry into orbital tissue in all the following ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Surgery 
B)  Eyelid infections 
C)  Dental caries 
D)  Carrying organisms in the nasopharynx 
A)  Surgery 
B)  Eyelid infections 
C)  Dental caries 
D)  Carrying organisms in the nasopharynx D

Question 4

The lacrimal apparatus is composed of all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lacrimal gland 
B)  Canaliculi 
C)  Tear sac 
D)  Optic nerve 
A)  Lacrimal gland 
B)  Canaliculi 
C)  Tear sac 
D)  Optic nerve

Question 5

All the following diseases are associated with uveitis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 
B)  HIV 
C)  Reiter's syndrome 
D)  Systemic lupus 
A)  Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 
B)  HIV 
C)  Reiter's syndrome 
D)  Systemic lupus

Question 6

All of the following viruses cause acute viral conjunctivitis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenovirus 
B)  Caliciviruses 
C)  Herpesviruses 
D)  Enteroviruses 
A)  Adenovirus 
B)  Caliciviruses 
C)  Herpesviruses 
D)  Enteroviruses

Question 7

What condition is considered a true ocular emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conjunctivitis 
B)  Blepharitis 
C)  Microbial keratitis 
D)  Yellowing of the sclera 
A)  Conjunctivitis 
B)  Blepharitis 
C)  Microbial keratitis 
D)  Yellowing of the sclera

Question 8

What is the vitreous humor made of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water 
B)  Collagen 
C)  Hyaluronic acid 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Water 
B)  Collagen 
C)  Hyaluronic acid 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

All the following glands are located in the eyelids EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Glands of Bleph 
B)  Glands of Moll 
C)  Glands of Zeis 
D)  Meibomian gland 
A)  Glands of Bleph 
B)  Glands of Moll 
C)  Glands of Zeis 
D)  Meibomian gland

Question 10

What is blepharitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation of the conjunctiva 
B)  Inflammation of the sclera 
C)  Inflammation of the lacrimal gland 
D)  Inflammation of the lid margins 
A)  Inflammation of the conjunctiva 
B)  Inflammation of the sclera 
C)  Inflammation of the lacrimal gland 
D)  Inflammation of the lid margins

Question 11

What are the most frequent etiologic agents of endophthalmitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  Staphylococcus saprophyticus 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Escherichia coli 
A)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
B)  Staphylococcus saprophyticus 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Escherichia coli

Question 12

All of the following factors determine whether a pathogen can cause disease in the eye EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune status of host 
B)  Health of normal florae 
C)  Integrity of underlying tissue 
D)  Host's immune system 
A)  Immune status of host 
B)  Health of normal florae 
C)  Integrity of underlying tissue 
D)  Host's immune system

Question 13

What organism causes neonatal conjunctivitis,lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV),and trachoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
B)  Streptococcus trachomatis 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Neisseria meningitidis 
A)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
B)  Streptococcus trachomatis 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Neisseria meningitidis

Question 14

A layer of tears blankets the cornea to provide all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Waste elimination 
B)  Optical clarity 
C)  Lubrication 
D)  Nutrition 
A)  Waste elimination 
B)  Optical clarity 
C)  Lubrication 
D)  Nutrition

Question 15

What is the function of the curved corneal surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  To refract light 
B)  To collect light 
C)  To focus light 
D)  All of the above 
A)  To refract light 
B)  To collect light 
C)  To focus light 
D)  All of the above

Question 16

What compromises vision and must be treated aggressively with antimicrobials or surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epithelial infection 
B)  Infection in the Bowman zone 
C)  Stromal infection 
D)  Perforation of the Descemet's membrane 
A)  Epithelial infection 
B)  Infection in the Bowman zone 
C)  Stromal infection 
D)  Perforation of the Descemet's membrane

Question 17

What worm can be pulled from the eye and is responsible for causing blindness in West Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hookworm 
B)  Pinworm 
C)  Loa loa 
D)  Whipworm 
A)  Hookworm 
B)  Pinworm 
C)  Loa loa 
D)  Whipworm

Question 18

What is the most common route of administration for ophthalmic drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Topical 
B)  Intravenous 
C)  Intramuscularly 
D)  Oral 
A)  Topical 
B)  Intravenous 
C)  Intramuscularly 
D)  Oral

Question 19

What is the leading cause of infectious blindness and ocular morbidity in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epstein-Barr virus 
B)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
C)  Human papillomavirus (HPV) 
D)  Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 
A)  Epstein-Barr virus 
B)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
C)  Human papillomavirus (HPV) 
D)  Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 20

What is the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  Light-sensitive neural tissue 
B)  Vitreous humor 
C)  Collagen fibers 
D)  Light-sensitive muscle tissue 
A)  Light-sensitive neural tissue 
B)  Vitreous humor 
C)  Collagen fibers 
D)  Light-sensitive muscle tissue

Exam 41: Ocular Infections

Because the ocular structures occupy only about one fifth of the orbital cavity,what fills it up?

A patient who makes her own saline solution for her contact lenses is examined at her physician's office because she has a blood red,infected right eye.The doctor performs bacterial,fungal,and viral cultures,all of which are negative.What is the most probable cause of this infection?

Microorganisms can gain entry into orbital tissue in all the following ways EXCEPT:

The lacrimal apparatus is composed of all the following EXCEPT:

All the following diseases are associated with uveitis EXCEPT:

All of the following viruses cause acute viral conjunctivitis EXCEPT:

What condition is considered a true ocular emergency?

What is the vitreous humor made of?

All the following glands are located in the eyelids EXCEPT:

What is blepharitis?

What are the most frequent etiologic agents of endophthalmitis?

All of the following factors determine whether a pathogen can cause disease in the eye EXCEPT:

What organism causes neonatal conjunctivitis,lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV),and trachoma?

A layer of tears blankets the cornea to provide all of the following EXCEPT:

What is the function of the curved corneal surface?

What compromises vision and must be treated aggressively with antimicrobials or surgery?

What worm can be pulled from the eye and is responsible for causing blindness in West Africa?

What is the most common route of administration for ophthalmic drugs?

What is the leading cause of infectious blindness and ocular morbidity in the United States?

What is the retina?

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

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