Question 1

What is the ideal anaerobic incubation system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaerobic chamber 
B)  Anaerobic jars 
C)  Anaerobic bags 
D)  Candle jars 
A)  Anaerobic chamber 
B)  Anaerobic jars 
C)  Anaerobic bags 
D)  Candle jars A

Question 2

What type of bacteria are those in the genus Clostridium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaerobic cocci 
B)  Spore-forming anaerobic bacilli 
C)  Spore-forming anaerobic cocci 
D)  Anaerobic bacilli 
A)  Anaerobic cocci 
B)  Spore-forming anaerobic bacilli 
C)  Spore-forming anaerobic cocci 
D)  Anaerobic bacilli B

Question 3

Bacterial growth requirements for oxygen and carbon dioxide can be divided into all the following categories EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ambient air (95% O₂ and 5% CO₂) 
B)  Microaerophilic (5% O₂ ) 
C)  Anaerobic (0% O₂) 
D)  Capnophilic (about 15% O₂ and 5% to 10% CO₂) 
A)  Ambient air (95% O₂ and 5% CO₂) 
B)  Microaerophilic (5% O₂ ) 
C)  Anaerobic (0% O₂) 
D)  Capnophilic (about 15% O₂ and 5% to 10% CO₂) A

Question 4

All of the following procedures should be performed on clinical specimens to recover anaerobic bacteria EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Specimen plating on appropriate tubed and plated media 
B)  Anaerobic incubation 
C)  Kinyoun stain 
D)  Gram stain 
A)  Specimen plating on appropriate tubed and plated media 
B)  Anaerobic incubation 
C)  Kinyoun stain 
D)  Gram stain

Question 5

All of the following reasons are cited for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on anaerobes by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  To determine the resistance mechanisms in anaerobes 
B)  To assist in the management of patients with serious illnesses 
C)  To monitor local and regional resistance patterns 
D)  To determine susceptibility of anaerobes to new antimicrobials 
A)  To determine the resistance mechanisms in anaerobes 
B)  To assist in the management of patients with serious illnesses 
C)  To monitor local and regional resistance patterns 
D)  To determine susceptibility of anaerobes to new antimicrobials

Question 6

What disease does Clostridium tetani cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism 
B)  Tetanus 
C)  Food poisoning 
D)  Myonecrosis 
A)  Botulism 
B)  Tetanus 
C)  Food poisoning 
D)  Myonecrosis

Question 7

What is an anaerobe?

Accepted Answer

A)  An organism that can live with very little oxygen 
B)  An organism that does not require oxygen to live 
C)  An organism that requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO₂ to live 
D)  An organism that requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live 
A)  An organism that can live with very little oxygen 
B)  An organism that does not require oxygen to live 
C)  An organism that requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO₂ to live 
D)  An organism that requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live

Question 8

A patient goes to the dentist with an abscess.The physician cultures the tooth.Which of the following bacteria can possibly cause this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides fragilis 
B)  Porphyromonas asaccharolytica 
C)  P. gingivalis 
D)  Mobiluncus 
A)  Bacteroides fragilis 
B)  Porphyromonas asaccharolytica 
C)  P. gingivalis 
D)  Mobiluncus

Question 9

All the following organisms are found in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides 
B)  Clostridium 
C)  Propionibacterium 
D)  Bifidobacterium 
A)  Bacteroides 
B)  Clostridium 
C)  Propionibacterium 
D)  Bifidobacterium

Question 10

What are two important factors that must be taken into consideration when transporting specimens for anaerobic culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making sure there is enough specimen in a tightly closed container 
B)  Minimum exposure to oxygen and drying out 
C)  Minimum exposure to oxygen and making sure the specimen is transported in a tightly closed screw-cap container 
D)  Drying out and proper nutrition 
A)  Making sure there is enough specimen in a tightly closed container 
B)  Minimum exposure to oxygen and drying out 
C)  Minimum exposure to oxygen and making sure the specimen is transported in a tightly closed screw-cap container 
D)  Drying out and proper nutrition

Question 11

Bacterial vaginosis is a synergistic infectious process involving all the following bacteria EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Eubacterium 
B)  Bacteroides 
C)  Gardnerella 
D)  Peptostreptococcus 
A)  Eubacterium 
B)  Bacteroides 
C)  Gardnerella 
D)  Peptostreptococcus

Question 12

The four major groups of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides fragilis 
B)  Porphyromonas 
C)  Prevotella 
D)  Mobiluncus 
A)  Bacteroides fragilis 
B)  Porphyromonas 
C)  Prevotella 
D)  Mobiluncus

Question 13

What is an obligate anaerobe?

Accepted Answer

A)  An organism that requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO₂ to live 
B)  An organism that requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live 
C)  An organism that grows only in the absence of molecular oxygen 
D)  An organism that can live with very little oxygen 
A)  An organism that requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO₂ to live 
B)  An organism that requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live 
C)  An organism that grows only in the absence of molecular oxygen 
D)  An organism that can live with very little oxygen

Question 14

What evidence indicates the presence of anaerobes in cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  A foul odor upon opening an anaerobic jar or bag 
B)  Growth on the anaerobic plates, but not on the sheep blood agar (SB
A)  plates incubated in the CO₂ incubator 
C)  Colonies on kanamycin-vancomycin laked blood agar (KVLB
A)  that fluoresce brick-red under ultraviolet light 
D)  All of the above 
A)  A foul odor upon opening an anaerobic jar or bag 
B)  Growth on the anaerobic plates, but not on the sheep blood agar (SB
A)  plates incubated in the CO₂ incubator 
C)  Colonies on kanamycin-vancomycin laked blood agar (KVLB
A)  that fluoresce brick-red under ultraviolet light 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

How is the true Gram stain reaction of an anaerobe determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  Special potency disks 
B)  Shape and colony morphology 
C)  Aerotolerance 
D)  DFA 
A)  Special potency disks 
B)  Shape and colony morphology 
C)  Aerotolerance 
D)  DFA

Question 16

Anaerobes outnumber aerobes in all of the following locations EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin 
B)  Oral cavity 
C)  Gastrointestinal (GI) tract 
D)  Genitourinary tract 
A)  Skin 
B)  Oral cavity 
C)  Gastrointestinal (GI) tract 
D)  Genitourinary tract

Question 17

What disease does Clostridium botulinum cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism 
B)  Tetanus 
C)  Food poisoning 
D)  Myonecrosis 
A)  Botulism 
B)  Tetanus 
C)  Food poisoning 
D)  Myonecrosis

Question 18

An elderly patient in a nursing home is recovering from bacterial pneumonia.The patient has been on a lengthy regiment of antibiotics to kill the organism causing the disease.A few days later,the patient is diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis.What organism is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium difficile 
B)  C. tetani 
C)  C. perfringens 
D)  C. botulinum 
A)  Clostridium difficile 
B)  C. tetani 
C)  C. perfringens 
D)  C. botulinum

Question 19

A microbiology technologist is reading an anaerobic plate from an intestinal abscess.There is growth on the Bacteroides bile esculin (BBE)plate: gray colonies with a brown color in the area around the colonies.There is also a dark precipitate in the medium in the areas of heavy growth.The technician Gram stains the colonies and observes gram-negative coccobacilli.What is the presumptive identification of this organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides vulgatus 
B)  B. fragilis 
C)  B. pneumoniae 
D)  B. denticola 
A)  Bacteroides vulgatus 
B)  B. fragilis 
C)  B. pneumoniae 
D)  B. denticola

Question 20

All of the following organisms are found on the skin EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Propionibacterium 
B)  Peptostreptococcus 
C)  Eubacterium 
D)  Clostridium 
A)  Propionibacterium 
B)  Peptostreptococcus 
C)  Eubacterium 
D)  Clostridium

Exam 22: Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

What is the ideal anaerobic incubation system?

What type of bacteria are those in the genus Clostridium?

Bacterial growth requirements for oxygen and carbon dioxide can be divided into all the following categories EXCEPT:

All of the following procedures should be performed on clinical specimens to recover anaerobic bacteria EXCEPT:

All of the following reasons are cited for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on anaerobes by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)EXCEPT:

What disease does Clostridium tetani cause?

What is an anaerobe?

A patient goes to the dentist with an abscess.The physician cultures the tooth.Which of the following bacteria can possibly cause this infection?

All the following organisms are found in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract EXCEPT:

What are two important factors that must be taken into consideration when transporting specimens for anaerobic culture?

Bacterial vaginosis is a synergistic infectious process involving all the following bacteria EXCEPT:

The four major groups of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli include all the following EXCEPT:

What is an obligate anaerobe?

What evidence indicates the presence of anaerobes in cultures?

How is the true Gram stain reaction of an anaerobe determined?

Anaerobes outnumber aerobes in all of the following locations EXCEPT:

What disease does Clostridium botulinum cause?

An elderly patient in a nursing home is recovering from bacterial pneumonia.The patient has been on a lengthy regiment of antibiotics to kill the organism causing the disease.A few days later,the patient is diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis.What organism is the most likely cause?

All of the following organisms are found on the skin EXCEPT:

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

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Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

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Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

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Medically Significant Fungi

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Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

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Urinary Tract Infections

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