Question 1

Serologic tests can help epidemiologists:

Accepted Answer

A)  Determine if people in a particular area are immune to an infectious agent. 
B)  Identify people that need to get immunizations. 
C)  Identify children that need to get immunizations. 
D)  Determine how widespread an infectious agent is in a given area. 
A)  Determine if people in a particular area are immune to an infectious agent. 
B)  Identify people that need to get immunizations. 
C)  Identify children that need to get immunizations. 
D)  Determine how widespread an infectious agent is in a given area.

Question 2

A false-negative test may be caused by all the following immune system-mediated reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Allergic reaction 
B)  No immune response 
C)  Immunodeficiency disease 
D)  Immunosuppressive 
A)  Allergic reaction 
B)  No immune response 
C)  Immunodeficiency disease 
D)  Immunosuppressive

Question 3

Heterophile antibodies are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies produced in response to one antigen 
B)  Antibodies that must be cleared through the thymus before going into circulation 
C)  Antibodies produced in response to one molecule that also react against an antigen from another species 
D)  Antibodies produced by T cells 
A)  Antibodies produced in response to one antigen 
B)  Antibodies that must be cleared through the thymus before going into circulation 
C)  Antibodies produced in response to one molecule that also react against an antigen from another species 
D)  Antibodies produced by T cells

Question 4

Prozone occurs:

Accepted Answer

A)  When the relative concentration of antibody exceeds the concentration of antigen 
B)  When the relative concentration of antigen exceeds the concentration of antigen 
C)  When there are interfering substances in the specimen 
D)  In the equivalence zone 
A)  When the relative concentration of antibody exceeds the concentration of antigen 
B)  When the relative concentration of antigen exceeds the concentration of antigen 
C)  When there are interfering substances in the specimen 
D)  In the equivalence zone

Question 5

John goes to his physician complaining of a high fever (38.2° C [102° F]),muscle aches,cough,and a headache.These symptoms came on suddenly,and his physician thinks John may have the flu.What kind of antibody is his body producing against the virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgD 
A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgD

Question 6

When a person is exposed to an antigen for a second time,what type of response is mounted?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anamnestic 
B)  Tertiary 
C)  Full blown 
D)  Allergic 
A)  Anamnestic 
B)  Tertiary 
C)  Full blown 
D)  Allergic

Question 7

What test is used to diagnose an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  ASO 
B)  EBV antibody 
C)  Heterophile antibody 
D)  Cold agglutinin 
A)  ASO 
B)  EBV antibody 
C)  Heterophile antibody 
D)  Cold agglutinin

Question 8

All of the following controls must accompany the patient specimens in a latex agglutination EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive antigen control 
B)  Negative antigen control 
C)  Latex suspension control 
D)  Positive antibody control 
A)  Positive antigen control 
B)  Negative antigen control 
C)  Latex suspension control 
D)  Positive antibody control

Question 9

What test has its results reported as the relative amount of a signal generated by the patient's serum when compared with that of a known weakly positive serum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A)  
B)  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIS
A)  
C)  Radioimmunoassay (RI
A)  
D)  Solid phase immunobead assay (SPI
A)  
A)  Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A)  
B)  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIS
A)  
C)  Radioimmunoassay (RI
A)  
D)  Solid phase immunobead assay (SPI
A)

Question 10

What is the principle of direct antigen testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  A clinical specimen is mixed with an antigen, then a labeled antibody is added. If the antigen is present, a complex will form. 
B)  It is a process by which microbial antigens are identified in patient specimens by combining specifically with antibody molecules to form stable complexes. 
C)  A fluorescent antigen is added to a specimen, then an antibody to form sandwich complexes. 
D)  Labeled antigen is added to a specimen, and the specimen is read for fluorescence. 
A)  A clinical specimen is mixed with an antigen, then a labeled antibody is added. If the antigen is present, a complex will form. 
B)  It is a process by which microbial antigens are identified in patient specimens by combining specifically with antibody molecules to form stable complexes. 
C)  A fluorescent antigen is added to a specimen, then an antibody to form sandwich complexes. 
D)  Labeled antigen is added to a specimen, and the specimen is read for fluorescence.

Question 11

What tests are performed on newborns to detect congenital infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  TORCH 
B)  TWAR 
C)  CMV 
D)  HIV 
A)  TORCH 
B)  TWAR 
C)  CMV 
D)  HIV

Question 12

What is one of the biggest uses for Western blot tests in the laboratory today?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confirming antibodies to HIV 
B)  Confirming antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
C)  Confirming antibodies to rubella 
D)  DNA sequencing from herpes 
A)  Confirming antibodies to HIV 
B)  Confirming antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
C)  Confirming antibodies to rubella 
D)  DNA sequencing from herpes

Question 13

All of the following are important pulmonary pathogens in transplant,cancer,and AIDS patients EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cryptococcus 
B)  Group A streptococcus 
C)  Pneumocystis 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
A)  Cryptococcus 
B)  Group A streptococcus 
C)  Pneumocystis 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 14

What two methods are used to diagnose histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complement fixation and immunodiffusion 
B)  Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A)  and immunodiffusion 
C)  Complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) 
D)  Agglutination and precipitation 
A)  Complement fixation and immunodiffusion 
B)  Enzyme immunoassay (EI
A)  and immunodiffusion 
C)  Complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) 
D)  Agglutination and precipitation

Question 15

When the antigen-binding sites on the antibody molecule react with specific epitopes and not with other antigens containing different epitopes,this is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Showing high sensitivity 
B)  Showing high specificity 
C)  Showing low specificity 
D)  Showing low sensitivity 
A)  Showing high sensitivity 
B)  Showing high specificity 
C)  Showing low specificity 
D)  Showing low sensitivity

Question 16

All of the following are identifiable viral agents of gastroenteritis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Norwalk 
B)  Rotavirus 
C)  Enteric adenoviruses 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
A)  Norwalk 
B)  Rotavirus 
C)  Enteric adenoviruses 
D)  Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Exam 10: Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Serologic tests can help epidemiologists:

A false-negative test may be caused by all the following immune system-mediated reasons EXCEPT:

Heterophile antibodies are:

Prozone occurs:

John goes to his physician complaining of a high fever (38.2° C [102° F]),muscle aches,cough,and a headache.These symptoms came on suddenly,and his physician thinks John may have the flu.What kind of antibody is his body producing against the virus?

When a person is exposed to an antigen for a second time,what type of response is mounted?

What test is used to diagnose an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)infection?

All of the following controls must accompany the patient specimens in a latex agglutination EXCEPT:

What test has its results reported as the relative amount of a signal generated by the patient's serum when compared with that of a known weakly positive serum?

What is the principle of direct antigen testing?

What tests are performed on newborns to detect congenital infections?

What is one of the biggest uses for Western blot tests in the laboratory today?

All of the following are important pulmonary pathogens in transplant,cancer,and AIDS patients EXCEPT:

What two methods are used to diagnose histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis?

When the antigen-binding sites on the antibody molecule react with specific epitopes and not with other antigens containing different epitopes,this is called:

All of the following are identifiable viral agents of gastroenteritis EXCEPT:

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

Filters