Question 1

Which group of molds characteristically produces large, ribbonlike hyphae that are irregular in diameter and contain only occasional septa?

Accepted Answer

A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi 
A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi

Question 2

The process of reproduction in yeast that begins with cell wall expansion and mitosis and is followed by a new cell wall septum created between the two newly formed nuclei is called

Accepted Answer

A) budding. 
B) unisexual division. 
C) binary fission. 
D) outpouch germing. 
A) budding. 
B) unisexual division. 
C) binary fission. 
D) outpouch germing.

Question 3

A white fungus is growing on fungal medium with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol additives on which nail scrapings were inoculated.Which fungi is likely growing?

Accepted Answer

A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi 
A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi

Question 4

Molds that have pigmentation within the hyphae or the spores are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) hyaline molds. 
B) pauciseptate molds. 
C) dematiaceous molds. 
D) nigraceous molds. 
A) hyaline molds. 
B) pauciseptate molds. 
C) dematiaceous molds. 
D) nigraceous molds.

Question 5

Vegetative mycelium are those that serve what main purpose?

Accepted Answer

A) Nutrient absorption and water exchange 
B) Penetration of host cells 
C) Transfer of genetic material from cell to cell 
D) Give rise to fruiting bodies from which asexual spores are borne 
A) Nutrient absorption and water exchange 
B) Penetration of host cells 
C) Transfer of genetic material from cell to cell 
D) Give rise to fruiting bodies from which asexual spores are borne

Question 6

The same dermatophyte is isolated from plucked hairs, skin scrapings, and nails of an older patient.The most likely identification is

Accepted Answer

A) Trichophyton. 
B) Epidermophyton. 
C) Microsporum canis. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) Trichophyton. 
B) Epidermophyton. 
C) Microsporum canis. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 7

Optimal recovery of fungi from most types of specimens in the clinical microbiology laboratory requires

Accepted Answer

A) media with and without blood enrichment. 
B) incubation at 30° C. 
C) relative humidity in the range of 10% to 50%. 
D) 21 to 30 days of incubation time. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) media with and without blood enrichment. 
B) incubation at 30° C. 
C) relative humidity in the range of 10% to 50%. 
D) 21 to 30 days of incubation time. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 8

A KOH preparation on a sputum specimen from a patient on immune suppressive therapy shows large, broad, nonseptate hyphae.Choose the most likely agent.

Accepted Answer

A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi 
A) Dermatophytes 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Dimorphic fungi 
D) Dematiaceous fungi

Question 9

Using the Koneman and Roberts working schema for identifying clinical mold isolates, a mold that has dark-pigmented septate hyphae and multicelled conidia would likely belong to which group of fungi?

Accepted Answer

A) Alternaria 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Cladosporium 
D) Microsporum 
A) Alternaria 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) Cladosporium 
D) Microsporum

Question 10

The genus Epidermophyton is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) large spindle-shaped, rough-walled macroconidia with thick walls that contain 4 to 15 septa and small club-shaped microconidia. 
B) predominate spherical, teardrop-shaped or club-shaped microconidia and smooth, club-shaped, thin-walled macroconidia with 8 to 10 septa borne singly at the terminal ends of hyphae or on short conidiophores. 
C) numerous smooth, thin-walled, club-shaped, multiseptate macroconidia, which are rounded at the tip and are borne singly on a conidiophore or in groups of two or three, no microconidia, and numerous chlamydoconidia. 
D) spherical, teardrop-shaped microconidia and rough, club-shaped, thick-walled macroconidia with 8 to 10 septa borne on short conidiophores. 
A) large spindle-shaped, rough-walled macroconidia with thick walls that contain 4 to 15 septa and small club-shaped microconidia. 
B) predominate spherical, teardrop-shaped or club-shaped microconidia and smooth, club-shaped, thin-walled macroconidia with 8 to 10 septa borne singly at the terminal ends of hyphae or on short conidiophores. 
C) numerous smooth, thin-walled, club-shaped, multiseptate macroconidia, which are rounded at the tip and are borne singly on a conidiophore or in groups of two or three, no microconidia, and numerous chlamydoconidia. 
D) spherical, teardrop-shaped microconidia and rough, club-shaped, thick-walled macroconidia with 8 to 10 septa borne on short conidiophores.

Question 11

The fungal element that is produced when buds elongate and fail to dissociate is referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A) pseudohyphae. 
B) germ tube. 
C) ascospore. 
D) bud scar. 
A) pseudohyphae. 
B) germ tube. 
C) ascospore. 
D) bud scar.

Question 12

Immunocompromised patients, particularly those who have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and those who are receiving prolonged corticosteroid, antibiotic, or cytotoxic therapy, are at greatest risk of developing infection with

Accepted Answer

A) dermatophytes. 
B) Zygomycetes. 
C) dimorphic fungi. 
D) dematiaceous fungi. 
A) dermatophytes. 
B) Zygomycetes. 
C) dimorphic fungi. 
D) dematiaceous fungi.

Question 13

Hyphae fragmentation through the points of septation produces what type of spore?

Accepted Answer

A) Arthroconidia. 
B) Chlamydoconidia. 
C) ascospores. 
D) ascocarps. 
A) Arthroconidia. 
B) Chlamydoconidia. 
C) ascospores. 
D) ascocarps.

Question 14

Optimal recovery of fungi from specimens in the clinical microbiology laboratory requires

Accepted Answer

A) media with and without blood enrichment. 
B) incubation at 35° C. 
C) relative humidity in the range of 10% to 20%. 
D) the use of decontamination and concentration methods. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) media with and without blood enrichment. 
B) incubation at 35° C. 
C) relative humidity in the range of 10% to 20%. 
D) the use of decontamination and concentration methods. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 15

The presence of large, round or oval, multiply budding yeast cells, which resemble a "mariner's wheel," detected on direct microscopic examination usually indicates infection with

Accepted Answer

A) Coccidioides immitis. 
B) Blastomyces dermatitidis. 
C) Histoplasma capsulatum. 
D) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. 
A) Coccidioides immitis. 
B) Blastomyces dermatitidis. 
C) Histoplasma capsulatum. 
D) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

Question 16

A fungus culture is growing a mold that has rhizoids that originate between sporangiophores.The sporangia are pyriform and have a funnel-shaped area at the junction of the sporangium and the sporangiophore.This fungus should be identified as

Accepted Answer

A) Cunninghamella. 
B) Absidia. 
C) Mucor. 
D) Rhizopus. 
A) Cunninghamella. 
B) Absidia. 
C) Mucor. 
D) Rhizopus.

Question 17

Mycelium can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A) loose intertwined network of tubelike projections from which the fungus obtains the nutrients for growth. 
B) tubelike projections that are the basic structural unit of the molds. 
C) premature germ tubes. 
D) a fungal element that is produced when buds elongate and fail to dissociate. 
A) loose intertwined network of tubelike projections from which the fungus obtains the nutrients for growth. 
B) tubelike projections that are the basic structural unit of the molds. 
C) premature germ tubes. 
D) a fungal element that is produced when buds elongate and fail to dissociate.

Question 18

Using the Koneman and Roberts working schema for identifying clinical mold isolates, a mold which has hyphae that appear to be predominantly nonseptate would likely belong to which group of fungi?

Accepted Answer

A) dematiaceous fungi 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) hyaline fungi 
D) Ascomycetes 
A) dematiaceous fungi 
B) Zygomycetes 
C) hyaline fungi 
D) Ascomycetes

Question 19

One type of sexual reproduction produces rough-walled spores called ______________, which are formed by the union of two matching types of Zygomycetes.

Accepted Answer

A) sporangiophores 
B) zygospores 
C) zygoconidiaphores 
D) conidiophores 
A) sporangiophores 
B) zygospores 
C) zygoconidiaphores 
D) conidiophores

Question 20

Chlamydoconidia are produced by

Accepted Answer

A) hyphae fragmentation through the points of septation. 
B) the rounding up and enlargement of the terminal cells of the hyphae in which there is a concentration of protoplasm and nutrient material. 
C) the union of two matching types of Zygomycetes. 
D) ascocarps that are multiplied by binary fission. 
A) hyphae fragmentation through the points of septation. 
B) the rounding up and enlargement of the terminal cells of the hyphae in which there is a concentration of protoplasm and nutrient material. 
C) the union of two matching types of Zygomycetes. 
D) ascocarps that are multiplied by binary fission.

Exam 47: Laboratory Methods in Basic Mycology

Which group of molds characteristically produces large, ribbonlike hyphae that are irregular in diameter and contain only occasional septa?

The process of reproduction in yeast that begins with cell wall expansion and mitosis and is followed by a new cell wall septum created between the two newly formed nuclei is called

A white fungus is growing on fungal medium with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol additives on which nail scrapings were inoculated.Which fungi is likely growing?

Molds that have pigmentation within the hyphae or the spores are referred to as

Vegetative mycelium are those that serve what main purpose?

The same dermatophyte is isolated from plucked hairs, skin scrapings, and nails of an older patient.The most likely identification is

Optimal recovery of fungi from most types of specimens in the clinical microbiology laboratory requires

A KOH preparation on a sputum specimen from a patient on immune suppressive therapy shows large, broad, nonseptate hyphae.Choose the most likely agent.

Using the Koneman and Roberts working schema for identifying clinical mold isolates, a mold that has dark-pigmented septate hyphae and multicelled conidia would likely belong to which group of fungi?

The genus Epidermophyton is characterized by

The fungal element that is produced when buds elongate and fail to dissociate is referred to as a

Immunocompromised patients, particularly those who have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and those who are receiving prolonged corticosteroid, antibiotic, or cytotoxic therapy, are at greatest risk of developing infection with

Hyphae fragmentation through the points of septation produces what type of spore?

Optimal recovery of fungi from specimens in the clinical microbiology laboratory requires

The presence of large, round or oval, multiply budding yeast cells, which resemble a "mariner's wheel," detected on direct microscopic examination usually indicates infection with

A fungus culture is growing a mold that has rhizoids that originate between sporangiophores.The sporangia are pyriform and have a funnel-shaped area at the junction of the sporangium and the sporangiophore.This fungus should be identified as

Mycelium can be defined as

Using the Koneman and Roberts working schema for identifying clinical mold isolates, a mold which has hyphae that appear to be predominantly nonseptate would likely belong to which group of fungi?

One type of sexual reproduction produces rough-walled spores called ______________, which are formed by the union of two matching types of Zygomycetes.

Chlamydoconidia are produced by

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics Metabolism and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria, Corynebacterium, and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothirix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Nonculturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Wall-Deficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections

Laboratory Methods in Basic Virology

Bloodstream Infections

Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Meningitis and Other Infections of the Central Nervous Systems

Infections of the Eyes, Ears, and Sinuses

Infections of the Urinary Tract

Genital Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections

Normally Sterile Body Fluids, Bone and Bone Marrow, and Solid Tissues

Laboratory Physical Design, Management, and Organization

Quality in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory