Question 1

IgA is

Accepted Answer

A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. 
A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. C

Question 2

Nosocomial infections are those that

Accepted Answer

A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly. 
C) are contracted in the hospital environment. 
D) develop quickly but last longer. 
A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly. 
C) are contracted in the hospital environment. 
D) develop quickly but last longer. C

Question 3

IgE is

Accepted Answer

A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. 
A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. B

Question 4

The complement system serves to

Accepted Answer

A) increase blood flow to the area of infection and can also effectively wall off the infection through the production of barrier substances. 
B) attract and enhance the activities of phagocytes. 
C) provide substances secreted by one type of cell that have substantial effects on the antiinfective activities of other cells. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) increase blood flow to the area of infection and can also effectively wall off the infection through the production of barrier substances. 
B) attract and enhance the activities of phagocytes. 
C) provide substances secreted by one type of cell that have substantial effects on the antiinfective activities of other cells. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 5

Which immune system cells destroy infected or malignant host cells?

Accepted Answer

A) B lymphocytes 
B) T lymphocytes 
C) Natural killer cells 
D) Neutrophils 
A) B lymphocytes 
B) T lymphocytes 
C) Natural killer cells 
D) Neutrophils

Question 6

The persistent survival of microorganisms on a surface of the human body is called

Accepted Answer

A) infection. 
B) colonization. 
C) nosocomial infection. 
D) a reservoir. 
A) infection. 
B) colonization. 
C) nosocomial infection. 
D) a reservoir.

Question 7

Which immune system cells primarily function as antibody producers and originate from stem cells?

Accepted Answer

A) B lymphocytes 
B) T lymphocytes 
C) Natural killer cells 
D) Neutrophils 
A) B lymphocytes 
B) T lymphocytes 
C) Natural killer cells 
D) Neutrophils

Question 8

The first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered is

Accepted Answer

A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE. 
A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE.

Question 9

Chronic infections are those that

Accepted Answer

A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly. 
C) are contracted in the hospital environment. 
D) develop quickly but last longer. 
A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly. 
C) are contracted in the hospital environment. 
D) develop quickly but last longer.

Question 10

The antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes is

Accepted Answer

A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE. 
A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE.

Question 11

Infectious processes that develop quickly are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) chronic infections. 
B) latent infections. 
C) acute infections. 
D) nosocomial infections. 
A) chronic infections. 
B) latent infections. 
C) acute infections. 
D) nosocomial infections.

Question 12

Latent infections are those that

Accepted Answer

A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly and end sooner. 
C) exist as a silent phase in which the agent is causing no notable effect. 
D) develop quickly but last longer. 
A) develop and progress slowly. 
B) develop quickly and end sooner. 
C) exist as a silent phase in which the agent is causing no notable effect. 
D) develop quickly but last longer.

Question 13

IgG is

Accepted Answer

A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. 
A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant.

Question 14

Specific proteins produced by cells of the immune system in response to the presence of foreign molecules that circulate in the serum and are present in secretions such as saliva are called

Accepted Answer

A) antigens. 
B) immunoglobulins. 
C) cytokines. 
D) phagogens. 
A) antigens. 
B) immunoglobulins. 
C) cytokines. 
D) phagogens.

Question 15

Infectious processes that develop and progress slowly are known as

Accepted Answer

A) chronic infections. 
B) latent infections. 
C) acute infections. 
D) nosocomial infections. 
A) chronic infections. 
B) latent infections. 
C) acute infections. 
D) nosocomial infections.

Question 16

The antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections is

Accepted Answer

A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE. 
A) IgG. 
B) IgA. 
C) IgM. 
D) IgE.

Question 17

Cells that live a day or less circulating in blood and tissues and are usually the first cells on the scene of bacterial invasion are called

Accepted Answer

A) monocytes. 
B) polymorphonuclear neutrophils. 
C) lymphocytes. 
D) macrophages. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) monocytes. 
B) polymorphonuclear neutrophils. 
C) lymphocytes. 
D) macrophages. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 18

IgM is

Accepted Answer

A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant. 
A) the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered. 
B) the antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections. 
C) the antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes. 
D) the second antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered and the most abundant.

Question 19

Cells that ingest and destroy bacteria and other foreign particles are called

Accepted Answer

A) phagocytes. 
B) polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C) neutrophils. 
D) macrophages. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) phagocytes. 
B) polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
C) neutrophils. 
D) macrophages. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 20

Proper handwashing and hygiene by hospital staff is essential in preventing what type of infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Chronic infections 
B) Latent infections 
C) Acute infections 
D) Nosocomial infections 
A) Chronic infections 
B) Latent infections 
C) Acute infections 
D) Nosocomial infections

Exam 3: Host-Microorganism Interactions

IgA is

Nosocomial infections are those that

IgE is

The complement system serves to

Which immune system cells destroy infected or malignant host cells?

The persistent survival of microorganisms on a surface of the human body is called

Which immune system cells primarily function as antibody producers and originate from stem cells?

The first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially encountered is

Chronic infections are those that

The antibody that is secreted in various body fluids and primarily protects those body surfaces lined with mucous membranes is

Infectious processes that develop quickly are referred to as

Latent infections are those that

IgG is

Specific proteins produced by cells of the immune system in response to the presence of foreign molecules that circulate in the serum and are present in secretions such as saliva are called

Infectious processes that develop and progress slowly are known as

The antibody that is associated with various parasitic infections is

Cells that live a day or less circulating in blood and tissues and are usually the first cells on the scene of bacterial invasion are called

IgM is

Cells that ingest and destroy bacteria and other foreign particles are called

Proper handwashing and hygiene by hospital staff is essential in preventing what type of infections?

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics Metabolism and Structure

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria, Corynebacterium, and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothirix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Nonculturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Wall-Deficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections

Laboratory Methods in Basic Mycology

Laboratory Methods in Basic Virology

Bloodstream Infections

Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Meningitis and Other Infections of the Central Nervous Systems

Infections of the Eyes, Ears, and Sinuses

Infections of the Urinary Tract

Genital Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections

Normally Sterile Body Fluids, Bone and Bone Marrow, and Solid Tissues

Laboratory Physical Design, Management, and Organization

Quality in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory