Question 1

Bacterial resistance to beta-lactams may be mediated by

Accepted Answer

A) enzymatic destruction of the antibiotics. 
B) altered antibiotic targets. 
C) decreased intracellular uptake of the drug. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) enzymatic destruction of the antibiotics. 
B) altered antibiotic targets. 
C) decreased intracellular uptake of the drug. 
D) All of the above are correct. D

Question 2

Antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial growth but generally do not kill the organism are known as

Accepted Answer

A) bactericidal. 
B) antibiotic. 
C) bacteriostatic. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) bactericidal. 
B) antibiotic. 
C) bacteriostatic. 
D) All of the above are correct. C

Question 3

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Vancomycin

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition A

Question 4

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Tetracycline

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Question 5

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Polymyxin B

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Question 6

The mechanism of acquired, high-level resistance to vancomycin involves

Accepted Answer

A) enzymatic destruction of the antibiotics. 
B) altered antibiotic targets. 
C) decreased intracellular uptake of the drug. 
D) the production of altered cell wall precursors that do not bind the antibiotic with sufficient avidity. 
A) enzymatic destruction of the antibiotics. 
B) altered antibiotic targets. 
C) decreased intracellular uptake of the drug. 
D) the production of altered cell wall precursors that do not bind the antibiotic with sufficient avidity.

Question 7

Antibiotic resistance that results from altered cellular physiology and structure caused by changes in a microorganism's usual genetic makeup is known as

Accepted Answer

A) intrinsic resistance. 
B) inherent resistance. 
C) acquired resistance. 
D) environmentally mediated resistance. 
A) intrinsic resistance. 
B) inherent resistance. 
C) acquired resistance. 
D) environmentally mediated resistance.

Question 8

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Gentamicin

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Question 9

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Rifampin

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Question 10

Antimicrobial resistance resulting from the normal genetic, structural, or physiologic state of a microorganism is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) intrinsic resistance. 
B) inherent resistance. 
C) microorganism mediated resistance. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) intrinsic resistance. 
B) inherent resistance. 
C) microorganism mediated resistance. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 11

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Penicillin

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Question 12

Mycoplasmas are organisms without cell walls.Which antimicrobials would be ineffective in treating infections involving this bacterium?

Accepted Answer

A) Tetracycline 
B) Aminoglycosides 
C) Penicillin 
D) Rifampin 
A) Tetracycline 
B) Aminoglycosides 
C) Penicillin 
D) Rifampin

Question 13

Antimicrobial agents that usually kill target organisms are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) bactericidal. 
B) antibiotic. 
C) bacteriostatic. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) bactericidal. 
B) antibiotic. 
C) bacteriostatic. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 14

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action.
-Ciprofloxacin

Accepted Answer

A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition 
A) Cell wall synthesis inhibition 
B) Cell membrane function inhibition 
C) Protein synthesis inhibition 
D) DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition

Exam 11: Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Bacterial resistance to beta-lactams may be mediated by

Antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial growth but generally do not kill the organism are known as

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Vancomycin

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Tetracycline

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Polymyxin B

The mechanism of acquired, high-level resistance to vancomycin involves

Antibiotic resistance that results from altered cellular physiology and structure caused by changes in a microorganism's usual genetic makeup is known as

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Gentamicin

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Rifampin

Antimicrobial resistance resulting from the normal genetic, structural, or physiologic state of a microorganism is referred to as

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Penicillin

Mycoplasmas are organisms without cell walls.Which antimicrobials would be ineffective in treating infections involving this bacterium?

Antimicrobial agents that usually kill target organisms are said to be

Match the antimicrobial agent with its mode of action. -Ciprofloxacin

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics Metabolism and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria, Corynebacterium, and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothirix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Nonculturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Wall-Deficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections

Laboratory Methods in Basic Mycology

Laboratory Methods in Basic Virology

Bloodstream Infections

Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Meningitis and Other Infections of the Central Nervous Systems

Infections of the Eyes, Ears, and Sinuses

Infections of the Urinary Tract

Genital Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections

Normally Sterile Body Fluids, Bone and Bone Marrow, and Solid Tissues

Laboratory Physical Design, Management, and Organization

Quality in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory

Infection Control

Sentinel Laboratory Response to Bioterrorism New

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