Question 1

The agency that published guidelines known as Universal Precautions to reduce the risk of disease transmission in laboratories is

Accepted Answer

A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) EPA. 
A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) EPA. C

Question 2

To be sterilized in an autoclave, infectious medical waste should be

Accepted Answer

A) packed tightly to avoid dangerous pressure pockets. 
B) processed for 15 to 20 minutes at 121° centigrade and 30 psi pressure. 
C) processed for 30 to 60 minutes at 132° centigrade and 15 psi pressure. 
D) processed for at least 1 hour at 121° centigrade and 15 psi pressure. 
A) packed tightly to avoid dangerous pressure pockets. 
B) processed for 15 to 20 minutes at 121° centigrade and 30 psi pressure. 
C) processed for 30 to 60 minutes at 132° centigrade and 15 psi pressure. 
D) processed for at least 1 hour at 121° centigrade and 15 psi pressure. C

Question 3

The method of choice for sterilizing items such as antibiotic solutions, chemicals, radioisotopes, and vaccines that are heat-sensitive is

Accepted Answer

A) dry, low-temperature heat. 
B) moist, low-temperature heat. 
C) filtration. 
D) chemical. 
A) dry, low-temperature heat. 
B) moist, low-temperature heat. 
C) filtration. 
D) chemical. C

Question 4

Universal precautions include

Accepted Answer

A) use of barrier devices to prevent exposure to skin and mucous membranes. 
B) hand washing. 
C) avoiding injuries with sharp objects. 
D) all of the above. 
A) use of barrier devices to prevent exposure to skin and mucous membranes. 
B) hand washing. 
C) avoiding injuries with sharp objects. 
D) all of the above.

Question 5

Biosafety Level 4 agents

Accepted Answer

A) include those that are the common agents of infectious disease. 
B) require only standard good laboratory technique. 
C) include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M.gordonae, and Brucella. 
D) require the use of maximum containment facilities. 
A) include those that are the common agents of infectious disease. 
B) require only standard good laboratory technique. 
C) include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M.gordonae, and Brucella. 
D) require the use of maximum containment facilities.

Question 6

Class I biological safety cabinets

Accepted Answer

A) sterilize the air within the cabinet as it passes over the material in the cabinet. 
B) protect the environment from contamination by biologic agents by filtering the air as it is exhausted from the cabinet. 
C) are enclosed completely and have gloves that enable the worker to manipulate the material in the cabinet. 
D) are often called laminar flow hoods. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) sterilize the air within the cabinet as it passes over the material in the cabinet. 
B) protect the environment from contamination by biologic agents by filtering the air as it is exhausted from the cabinet. 
C) are enclosed completely and have gloves that enable the worker to manipulate the material in the cabinet. 
D) are often called laminar flow hoods. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 7

A cleaning solution used on the laboratory benchtop to kill bacteria that are potentially harmful to humans would be called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) surfactant. 
B) disinfectant. 
C) biocide. 
D) antiseptic. 
A) surfactant. 
B) disinfectant. 
C) biocide. 
D) antiseptic.

Question 8

The agency that requires health care facilities to provide employees with all devices and mechanisms necessary to protect them from the hazards encountered in the laboratory is

Accepted Answer

A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) HEPA. 
A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) HEPA.

Question 9

Air flow in a microbiology laboratory

Accepted Answer

A) should be from low to higher risk areas. 
B) should be minimized as much as possible. 
C) should be optimized to prevent settling of dangerous aerosols. 
D) should be well filtered by recirculating it through numerous filters before recycled. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) should be from low to higher risk areas. 
B) should be minimized as much as possible. 
C) should be optimized to prevent settling of dangerous aerosols. 
D) should be well filtered by recirculating it through numerous filters before recycled. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 10

The autoclave sterilizes material by

Accepted Answer

A) applying dry heat at high temperatures and pressure. 
B) infusing gaseous chemicals that kill organisms. 
C) applying moist heat at high temperatures and increased pressure. 
D) cleaving protein bonds found in most biological agent cell walls. 
A) applying dry heat at high temperatures and pressure. 
B) infusing gaseous chemicals that kill organisms. 
C) applying moist heat at high temperatures and increased pressure. 
D) cleaving protein bonds found in most biological agent cell walls.

Question 11

The agency that published a guide to hazardous waste reduction is

Accepted Answer

A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) EPA. 
A) DHEC. 
B) OSHA. 
C) CDC. 
D) EPA.

Question 12

A cleaning solution used on the venipuncture site to avoid skin contamination of the blood sample is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) surfactant. 
B) disinfectant. 
C) biocide. 
D) antiseptic. 
A) surfactant. 
B) disinfectant. 
C) biocide. 
D) antiseptic.

Question 13

The most effective antiseptic agent against HBV and HIV and therefore the antiseptic of choice in laboratories where these agents are likely found is

Accepted Answer

A) 70% ethanol. 
B) a phenol compound. 
C) absolute ethanol. 
D) 10% bleach. 
A) 70% ethanol. 
B) a phenol compound. 
C) absolute ethanol. 
D) 10% bleach.

Question 14

Class III biological safety cabinets

Accepted Answer

A) sterilize the air within the cabinet as it passes over the material in the cabinet. 
B) protect the environment from contamination by biologic agents by filtering the air as it is exhausted from the cabinet. 
C) are enclosed completely and have gloves that enable the worker to manipulate the material in the cabinet. 
D) are often called laminar flow hoods. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) sterilize the air within the cabinet as it passes over the material in the cabinet. 
B) protect the environment from contamination by biologic agents by filtering the air as it is exhausted from the cabinet. 
C) are enclosed completely and have gloves that enable the worker to manipulate the material in the cabinet. 
D) are often called laminar flow hoods. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 15

Mouth pipetting

Accepted Answer

A) should be done only if necessary and with extreme care. 
B) can save valuable time and should be done whenever quick results are needed. 
C) is done only when material is not expected to pose a biological hazard. 
D) should not be done in any circumstance in the clinical laboratory. 
A) should be done only if necessary and with extreme care. 
B) can save valuable time and should be done whenever quick results are needed. 
C) is done only when material is not expected to pose a biological hazard. 
D) should not be done in any circumstance in the clinical laboratory.

Question 16

Minimal protection of specimen and personnel is accomplished with which class of biological safety cabinet?

Accepted Answer

A) Class I 
B) Class II 
C) Class III 
D) Class IV 
A) Class I 
B) Class II 
C) Class III 
D) Class IV

Question 17

Procedures such as grinding, mincing, vortexing, and preparing smears

Accepted Answer

A) are hazardous and should be done wearing gloves and gown protection. 
B) create aerosol droplets and should be performed only in an approved biosafety cabinet. 
C) should be avoided with specimens known to contain infectious agents. 
D) produce a spill hazard and should be done over an absorptive mat. 
E) All of the above are correct. 
A) are hazardous and should be done wearing gloves and gown protection. 
B) create aerosol droplets and should be performed only in an approved biosafety cabinet. 
C) should be avoided with specimens known to contain infectious agents. 
D) produce a spill hazard and should be done over an absorptive mat. 
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 18

Working with biosafety Level 3 agents

Accepted Answer

A) requires USDA credentials and a postgraduate degree in microbiology or a related field. 
B) requires laboratory design features that control air movement. 
C) requires that personnel wear protective clothing and devices and enter a decontaminating chamber before leaving. 
D) requires that workers have blood samples routinely tested to rule out infection or contamination. 
A) requires USDA credentials and a postgraduate degree in microbiology or a related field. 
B) requires laboratory design features that control air movement. 
C) requires that personnel wear protective clothing and devices and enter a decontaminating chamber before leaving. 
D) requires that workers have blood samples routinely tested to rule out infection or contamination.

Question 19

Information concerning a chemical product's health hazards, flash point, vapor pressure, and disposal procedures

Accepted Answer

A) can be found in the manufacturer's MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets). 
B) can be found on the product label. 
C) is proprietary information and is only released at the manufacturer's discretion. 
D) can be obtained through the manufacturer's technical support division, and acquiring access to that information is the responsibility of the laboratory worker. 
A) can be found in the manufacturer's MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets). 
B) can be found on the product label. 
C) is proprietary information and is only released at the manufacturer's discretion. 
D) can be obtained through the manufacturer's technical support division, and acquiring access to that information is the responsibility of the laboratory worker.

Question 20

Optimal protection of specimen, personnel, and environment is accomplished with which class of biological safety cabinet?

Accepted Answer

A) Class I 
B) Class II 
C) Class III 
D) Class IV 
A) Class I 
B) Class II 
C) Class III 
D) Class IV

Exam 4: Laboratory Safety

The agency that published guidelines known as Universal Precautions to reduce the risk of disease transmission in laboratories is

To be sterilized in an autoclave, infectious medical waste should be

The method of choice for sterilizing items such as antibiotic solutions, chemicals, radioisotopes, and vaccines that are heat-sensitive is

Universal precautions include

Biosafety Level 4 agents

Class I biological safety cabinets

A cleaning solution used on the laboratory benchtop to kill bacteria that are potentially harmful to humans would be called a/an

The agency that requires health care facilities to provide employees with all devices and mechanisms necessary to protect them from the hazards encountered in the laboratory is

Air flow in a microbiology laboratory

The autoclave sterilizes material by

The agency that published a guide to hazardous waste reduction is

A cleaning solution used on the venipuncture site to avoid skin contamination of the blood sample is called a/an

The most effective antiseptic agent against HBV and HIV and therefore the antiseptic of choice in laboratories where these agents are likely found is

Class III biological safety cabinets

Mouth pipetting

Minimal protection of specimen and personnel is accomplished with which class of biological safety cabinet?

Procedures such as grinding, mincing, vortexing, and preparing smears

Working with biosafety Level 3 agents

Information concerning a chemical product's health hazards, flash point, vapor pressure, and disposal procedures

Optimal protection of specimen, personnel, and environment is accomplished with which class of biological safety cabinet?

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics Metabolism and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria, Corynebacterium, and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothirix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Nonculturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Wall-Deficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections

Laboratory Methods in Basic Mycology

Laboratory Methods in Basic Virology

Bloodstream Infections

Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Meningitis and Other Infections of the Central Nervous Systems

Infections of the Eyes, Ears, and Sinuses

Infections of the Urinary Tract

Genital Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections

Normally Sterile Body Fluids, Bone and Bone Marrow, and Solid Tissues

Laboratory Physical Design, Management, and Organization

Quality in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory