Question 1

Secondary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

Accepted Answer

A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and widespread rash. 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests. 
A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and widespread rash. 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests. A

Question 2

A self-limiting illness and the most common clinical syndrome associated with leptospires that includes fever, headache, myalgia, and aseptic meningitis in the immune stage is called

Accepted Answer

A) icteric leptospirosis. 
B) anicteric leptospirosis. 
C) Weil's disease. 
D) syphilis. 
A) icteric leptospirosis. 
B) anicteric leptospirosis. 
C) Weil's disease. 
D) syphilis. B

Question 3

Primary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

Accepted Answer

A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests. 
A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests. B

Question 4

Compared to other spirochetes, Borrelia can be described as

Accepted Answer

A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils. 
A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils.

Question 5

A test that utilizes gelatin particles sensitized with T.pallidum subsp.pallidum antigens to detect specific antitreponemal antibodies in patient serum is called

Accepted Answer

A) RPR (rapid plasma reagin) test. 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test. 
A) RPR (rapid plasma reagin) test. 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test.

Question 6

A nontreponemal flocculation serologic test in which soluble antigen particles are coalesced to form larger particles that are visible as clumps when they are aggregated by antibody is called

Accepted Answer

A) NTF (nontreponemal flocculation). 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test. 
A) NTF (nontreponemal flocculation). 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test.

Question 7

A specific treponemal serologic test performed by overlaying whole treponemes that are fixed to a slide with serum from patients suspected of having syphilis and using fluorescein-conjugated antihuman antibody reagent to detect specific antitreponemal antibodies is called

Accepted Answer

A) RPR (rapid plasma reagin) test. 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test. 
A) RPR (rapid plasma reagin) test. 
B) FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test. 
C) VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. 
D) TP-PA (T.pallidum particle agglutination) test.

Question 8

Systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, malaise, and loss of appetite can be present along with a widespread rash can be seen in patients suffering from

Accepted Answer

A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) tertiary syphilis. 
D) terminal stage syphilis. 
A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) tertiary syphilis. 
D) terminal stage syphilis.

Question 9

Nontreponemal antibodies are those that

Accepted Answer

A) are produced against antigens of the organisms themselves. 
B) are those that are produced by infected patients against components of mammalian cells. 
C) are those that are produced by the organism that cause the systemic destruction of the disease. 
D) are also called reaginic antibodies. 
A) are produced against antigens of the organisms themselves. 
B) are those that are produced by infected patients against components of mammalian cells. 
C) are those that are produced by the organism that cause the systemic destruction of the disease. 
D) are also called reaginic antibodies.

Question 10

Compared to other spirochetes, Leptospira can be described as

Accepted Answer

A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils and hooked ends. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils. 
A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils and hooked ends. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils.

Question 11

The most severe illness associated with leptospires, with symptoms caused by liver, kidney, and/or vascular dysfunction with lethal pulmonary hemorrhage and sometimes death is called

Accepted Answer

A) icteric leptospirosis. 
B) anicteric leptospirosis. 
C) Vincent's disease. 
D) syphilis. 
A) icteric leptospirosis. 
B) anicteric leptospirosis. 
C) Vincent's disease. 
D) syphilis.

Question 12

Treponemal antibodies are those that

Accepted Answer

A) are produced against antigens of the organisms themselves. 
B) are those that are produced by infected patients against components of mammalian cells. 
C) are those that are produced by the organism that cause the systemic destruction of the disease. 
D) are also called reaginic antibodies. 
A) are produced against antigens of the organisms themselves. 
B) are those that are produced by infected patients against components of mammalian cells. 
C) are those that are produced by the organism that cause the systemic destruction of the disease. 
D) are also called reaginic antibodies.

Question 13

The most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ticks is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is called

Accepted Answer

A) Weil's disease. 
B) Lyme disease. 
C) icteric leptospirosis. 
D) Vincent's disease. 
A) Weil's disease. 
B) Lyme disease. 
C) icteric leptospirosis. 
D) Vincent's disease.

Question 14

Long, slender, helically curved, gram-negative bacilli that present with tight coils are identified as belonging to which species?

Accepted Answer

A) Treponema 
B) Leptospira 
C) Borrelia 
D) Coxiella 
A) Treponema 
B) Leptospira 
C) Borrelia 
D) Coxiella

Question 15

The most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ticks is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) Leptospira interrogans. 
B) Borrelia burgdorferi. 
C) Treponema carateum. 
D) Rickettsia rickettsii. 
A) Leptospira interrogans. 
B) Borrelia burgdorferi. 
C) Treponema carateum. 
D) Rickettsia rickettsii.

Question 16

A stage of venereal syphilis characterized by fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash is known as

Accepted Answer

A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) late syphilis. 
D) tertiary syphilis. 
A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) late syphilis. 
D) tertiary syphilis.

Question 17

Late, or tertiary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

Accepted Answer

A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash. 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests. 
A) fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash. 
B) the appearance of a chancre at the site of inoculation and dissemination of the organism. 
C) tissue destruction, central nervous disease, cardiovascular abnormalities, eye disease, and granuloma-like lesions. 
D) subclinical but not necessarily dormant, at which time diagnosis can be made only by serologic tests.

Question 18

Compared to other spirochetes, Treponema can be described as

Accepted Answer

A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils. 
A) long, more slender, with hooked ends. 
B) somewhat thicker with fewer and looser coils. 
C) long, more slender, with tight coils. 
D) somewhat thicker than treponemes with fewer and looser coils.

Question 19

Long, slender, helically curved, gram-negative bacilli that present with hooked ends are identified as belonging to which species?

Accepted Answer

A) Treponema 
B) Leptospira 
C) Borrelia 
D) Coxiella 
A) Treponema 
B) Leptospira 
C) Borrelia 
D) Coxiella

Question 20

A stage of venereal syphilis characterized by the appearance of a chancre is known as

Accepted Answer

A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) late syphilis. 
D) tertiary syphilis. 
A) primary syphilis. 
B) secondary syphilis. 
C) late syphilis. 
D) tertiary syphilis.

Exam 45: The Spirochetes

Secondary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

A self-limiting illness and the most common clinical syndrome associated with leptospires that includes fever, headache, myalgia, and aseptic meningitis in the immune stage is called

Primary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

Compared to other spirochetes, Borrelia can be described as

A test that utilizes gelatin particles sensitized with T.pallidum subsp.pallidum antigens to detect specific antitreponemal antibodies in patient serum is called

A nontreponemal flocculation serologic test in which soluble antigen particles are coalesced to form larger particles that are visible as clumps when they are aggregated by antibody is called

A specific treponemal serologic test performed by overlaying whole treponemes that are fixed to a slide with serum from patients suspected of having syphilis and using fluorescein-conjugated antihuman antibody reagent to detect specific antitreponemal antibodies is called

Systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, malaise, and loss of appetite can be present along with a widespread rash can be seen in patients suffering from

Nontreponemal antibodies are those that

Compared to other spirochetes, Leptospira can be described as

The most severe illness associated with leptospires, with symptoms caused by liver, kidney, and/or vascular dysfunction with lethal pulmonary hemorrhage and sometimes death is called

Treponemal antibodies are those that

The most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ticks is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is called

Long, slender, helically curved, gram-negative bacilli that present with tight coils are identified as belonging to which species?

The most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ticks is caused by

A stage of venereal syphilis characterized by fever, weight loss, malaise, loss of appetite, and a widespread rash is known as

Late, or tertiary syphilis includes the following symptoms:

Compared to other spirochetes, Treponema can be described as

Long, slender, helically curved, gram-negative bacilli that present with hooked ends are identified as belonging to which species?

A stage of venereal syphilis characterized by the appearance of a chancre is known as

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics Metabolism and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria, Corynebacterium, and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothirix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Nonculturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Wall-Deficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections

Laboratory Methods in Basic Mycology

Laboratory Methods in Basic Virology

Bloodstream Infections

Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Other Infections of the Oral Cavity and Neck

Meningitis and Other Infections of the Central Nervous Systems

Infections of the Eyes, Ears, and Sinuses

Infections of the Urinary Tract

Genital Tract Infections

Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections

Normally Sterile Body Fluids, Bone and Bone Marrow, and Solid Tissues

Laboratory Physical Design, Management, and Organization

Quality in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory