Question 1

Which of the following forms a substrate cycle with hexokinase?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphoglucose isomerase 
B)  glucose-6-phosphatase 
C)  phosphofructokinase 
D)  phosphoglycerate kinase 
E)  fructose bisphosphatase 
A)  phosphoglucose isomerase 
B)  glucose-6-phosphatase 
C)  phosphofructokinase 
D)  phosphoglycerate kinase 
E)  fructose bisphosphatase B

Question 2

Fructose intolerance results from a deficiency of fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, resulting in cell death of liver tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is an activator of _____ and an inhibitor of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphofructokinase; hexokinase 
B)  fructose bisphosphatase; phosphofructokinase 
C)  phosphofructokinase; fructose bisphosphatase 
D)  glucose-6-phosphatase; pyruvate kinase 
E)  pyruvate kinase; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 
A)  phosphofructokinase; hexokinase 
B)  fructose bisphosphatase; phosphofructokinase 
C)  phosphofructokinase; fructose bisphosphatase 
D)  glucose-6-phosphatase; pyruvate kinase 
E)  pyruvate kinase; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase C

Question 4

In the muscle, when a residue of glucose is cleaved from glycogen and converted to pyruvate via glycolysis, what is the net ATP production?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 5

In bacterial cells, _____ is an activator of phosphofructokinase while _____ is an inhibitor.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose-6-phosphate; ATP 
B)  ADP; phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  fructose-2,6-bisphosphate; fructose-6-phosphate 
D)  AMP; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E)  citrate; ADP 
A)  glucose-6-phosphate; ATP 
B)  ADP; phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  fructose-2,6-bisphosphate; fructose-6-phosphate 
D)  AMP; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E)  citrate; ADP

Question 6

What would occur if both phosphofructokinase and fructose bisphosphatase were active simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

A)  a futile cycle 
B)  a substrate cycle 
C)  an inhibitor cycle 
D)  the alanine cycle 
E)  the Cori cycle 
A)  a futile cycle 
B)  a substrate cycle 
C)  an inhibitor cycle 
D)  the alanine cycle 
E)  the Cori cycle

Question 7

A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases the production of ___ in red blood cells thus resulting in ___ of oxidative damage

Accepted Answer

The answer of A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases the...

Question 8

In glycolysis, the net gain of ATP during the energy investment phase is _____ while the net gain of ATP during the energy payoff phase is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  -4; 6 
B)  -2; 4 
C)  -2; 2 
D)  -1; 3 
E)  0; 2 
A)  -4; 6 
B)  -2; 4 
C)  -2; 2 
D)  -1; 3 
E)  0; 2

Question 9

With a  $\Delta$ G       of -16.7 kJ/mol, the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is considered to be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  at equilibrium 
B)  substrate and product concentration dependent 
C)  freely reversible 
D)  metabolically irreversible 
E)  none of the above 
A)  at equilibrium 
B)  substrate and product concentration dependent 
C)  freely reversible 
D)  metabolically irreversible 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

The most common type of glycogen storage disease is ___ which is caused by a defect in ___.

Accepted Answer

GSD9, phos

Question 11

What residue of phosphoglycerate mutase undergoes covalent catalysis during the reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asp 
B)  His 
C)  Ser 
D)  Tyr 
E)  Cys 
A)  Asp 
B)  His 
C)  Ser 
D)  Tyr 
E)  Cys

Question 12

What is the greatest driving force for the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate 
B)  transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP 
C)  release of ATP from active site 
D)  tautomerization of enolpyruvate to pyruvate 
E)  release of pyruvate from the active site 
A)  hydrolysis of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate 
B)  transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP 
C)  release of ATP from active site 
D)  tautomerization of enolpyruvate to pyruvate 
E)  release of pyruvate from the active site

Question 13

Muscle cells are not able to supply glucose for other tissues because they do not contain which of the following enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  debranching enzyme 
B)  pyruvate carboxylase 
C)  glycogen phosphorylase 
D)  fructose bisphosphatase 
E)  glucose-6-phosphatase 
A)  debranching enzyme 
B)  pyruvate carboxylase 
C)  glycogen phosphorylase 
D)  fructose bisphosphatase 
E)  glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 14

A deficiency of pyruvate kinase in red blood cells increases the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, further reducing the delivery of oxygen by red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What coenzyme is required for the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  pyridoxal phosphate 
C)  biotin 
D)  thiamine 
E)  FADH2 
A)  NADH 
B)  pyridoxal phosphate 
C)  biotin 
D)  thiamine 
E)  FADH2

Question 16

In eukaryotes, glycolysis typically occurs in the _____, gluconeogenesis typically occurs in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria; cytosol 
B)  Golgi apparatus; mitochondria 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondria 
D)  cytosol; cytosol 
E)  lysosome; cytosol 
A)  mitochondria; cytosol 
B)  Golgi apparatus; mitochondria 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondria 
D)  cytosol; cytosol 
E)  lysosome; cytosol

Question 17

Which of the following compounds is used to produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  
  
B)  
  
C)  
  
D)  
  
E)  
  
A)  
  
B)  
  
C)  
  
D)  
  
E)

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the energetically favorable formation of UDP-glucose in the liver and muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction glucose-1-phosphate + UTP  $\rarr$ UDP-glucose + PPi is very negative. 
B)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction glucose-1-phosphate + UTP $\rarr$  UDP-glucose + PPi is very positive. 
C)   $\Delta$  phosphoglucoisomerase°' for the reaction PPi $\rarr$  2Pi is very negative. 
D)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction PPi  $\rarr$  2Pi is very positive. 
E)   $\Delta$ G°' for the overall reaction is very positive. 
A)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction glucose-1-phosphate + UTP  $\rarr$ UDP-glucose + PPi is very negative. 
B)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction glucose-1-phosphate + UTP $\rarr$  UDP-glucose + PPi is very positive. 
C)   $\Delta$  phosphoglucoisomerase°' for the reaction PPi $\rarr$  2Pi is very negative. 
D)   $\Delta$ G°' for the reaction PPi  $\rarr$  2Pi is very positive. 
E)   $\Delta$ G°' for the overall reaction is very positive.

Question 19

Which of the following correctly describes the mechanism of pyruvate carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyphosphate formed, carboxyl group transferred to biotin, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
B)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
C)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group, carboxyl group transferred to biotin 
D)  carboxyphosphate formed, ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
E)  carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group, ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin 
A)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyphosphate formed, carboxyl group transferred to biotin, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
B)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
C)  ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group, carboxyl group transferred to biotin 
D)  carboxyphosphate formed, ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group 
E)  carboxyphosphate formed, deprotonated pyruvate attacks carboxyl group, ATP and bicarbonate react, carboxyl group transferred to biotin

Question 20

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase oxidizes _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an alcohol to a ketone 
B)  a carboxylic acid to CO2 
C)  an alcohol to an aldehyde 
D)  an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid 
E)  an aldehyde to an alcohol 
A)  an alcohol to a ketone 
B)  a carboxylic acid to CO2 
C)  an alcohol to an aldehyde 
D)  an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid 
E)  an aldehyde to an alcohol

Exam 13: Glucose Metabolism

Which of the following forms a substrate cycle with hexokinase?

Fructose intolerance results from a deficiency of fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, resulting in cell death of liver tissue.

Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is an activator of _____ and an inhibitor of _____.

In the muscle, when a residue of glucose is cleaved from glycogen and converted to pyruvate via glycolysis, what is the net ATP production?

In bacterial cells, _____ is an activator of phosphofructokinase while _____ is an inhibitor.

What would occur if both phosphofructokinase and fructose bisphosphatase were active simultaneously?

A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases the production of ___ in red blood cells thus resulting in ___ of oxidative damage

In glycolysis, the net gain of ATP during the energy investment phase is _____ while the net gain of ATP during the energy payoff phase is _____.

With a Δ\DeltaΔ G of -16.7 kJ/mol, the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is considered to be _____.

The most common type of glycogen storage disease is ___ which is caused by a defect in ___.

What residue of phosphoglycerate mutase undergoes covalent catalysis during the reaction?

What is the greatest driving force for the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase?

Muscle cells are not able to supply glucose for other tissues because they do not contain which of the following enzymes?

A deficiency of pyruvate kinase in red blood cells increases the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, further reducing the delivery of oxygen by red blood cells.

What coenzyme is required for the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate?

In eukaryotes, glycolysis typically occurs in the _____, gluconeogenesis typically occurs in the _____.

Which of the following compounds is used to produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis?

Which of the following best explains the energetically favorable formation of UDP-glucose in the liver and muscle?

Which of the following correctly describes the mechanism of pyruvate carboxylase?

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase oxidizes _____.

The Chemical Basis of Life

Aqueous Chemistry

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Protein Function

How Enzymes Work

Enzyme Kinetics and Inhibition

Lipids and Membranes

Membrane Transport

Signaling

Carbohydrates

Metabolism and Bioenergetics

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Nitrogen Metabolism

Regulation of Mammalian Fuel Metabolism

DNA Replication and Repair

Transcription and RNA

Protein Synthesis

Filters

Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is an activator of _ and an inhibitor of _.

In bacterial cells, _ is an activator of phosphofructokinase while _ is an inhibitor.

A deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases the production of _ in red blood cells thus resulting in _ of oxidative damage

In glycolysis, the net gain of ATP during the energy investment phase is _ while the net gain of ATP during the energy payoff phase is _.

With a $\Delta$ G $With a \Delta G of -16.7 kJ/mol, the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is considered to be ___.$ $With a \Delta G of -16.7 kJ/mol, the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is considered to be _.$ of -16.7 kJ/mol, the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is considered to be ___.

The most common type of glycogen storage disease is _ which is caused by a defect in _.

In eukaryotes, glycolysis typically occurs in the _, gluconeogenesis typically occurs in the _.