Question 1

Free amine groups are excreted as the ammonium ion, NH4+, and thus help to lower blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The amino acid ___ is metabolized in the kidney to produce ___ molecules of ammonia.

Accepted Answer

glutamine, 2

Question 3

Which of the following can cause metabolic acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  shock 
B)  overproduction of mineralcorticoids 
C)  slow, shallow breathing 
D)  renal failure 
E)  central nervous system depression 
A)  shock 
B)  overproduction of mineralcorticoids 
C)  slow, shallow breathing 
D)  renal failure 
E)  central nervous system depression A, D

Question 4

The most common disorder of acid-base chemistry in the human body is metabolic alkalosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The strongest non-covalent interactions are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  van der Waals interactions 
B)  London dispersion forces 
C)  hydrogen bonds 
D)  dipole-dipole interactions 
E)  ionic interactions 
A)  van der Waals interactions 
B)  London dispersion forces 
C)  hydrogen bonds 
D)  dipole-dipole interactions 
E)  ionic interactions

Question 6

The 104.5° bond angle in the water molecule is the result of the ______ of electron orbitals around oxygen.

Accepted Answer

tetrahedra

Question 7

What would be the resulting pH if one drop (0.05 ml) of 1.0 M HCl was added to one liter of pure water (assume pH 7.0)?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.7 
B)  4.3 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0 (there would be no significant change) 
E)  9.7 
A)  2.7 
B)  4.3 
C)  5.0 
D)  7.0 (there would be no significant change) 
E)  9.7

Question 8

In an aqueous solution, if the [OH-] is 3.0 * -5 M, what is the [H+]?

Accepted Answer

A)  7.0 *10 -9 
B)  7.0 * 10-2 
C)  3.3 * 10-3 
D)  3.3 * 10-10 
E)  none of the above 
A)  7.0 *10 -9 
B)  7.0 * 10-2 
C)  3.3 * 10-3 
D)  3.3 * 10-10 
E)  none of the above

Question 9

Metabolic alkalosis most commonly results from ___ or ___.

Accepted Answer

excessive vomiting,

Question 10

Considering the energetics of transferring nonpolar molecules from water to a nonpolar solvent, the factor T $\Delta$ S is generally _____, causing $\Delta$ G to be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive; negative 
B)  negative; negative. 
C)  positive; positive 
D)  positive; positive. 
E)  negligible; either positive or negative 
A)  positive; negative 
B)  negative; negative. 
C)  positive; positive 
D)  positive; positive. 
E)  negligible; either positive or negative

Question 11

A molecule that has both a polar and nonpolar region is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  micelleic 
B)  amphiphilic 
C)  endergonic 
D)  a membrane 
E)  none of the above 
A)  micelleic 
B)  amphiphilic 
C)  endergonic 
D)  a membrane 
E)  none of the above

Question 12

Considering a 0.1 M formic acid buffer, what is the concentration of formic acid present in a solution of pH 4.25 if the pK of formic acid is 3.75?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.024 M 
B)  0.033 M 
C)  0.067 M 
D)  0.076 M 
E)  none of the above 
A)  0.024 M 
B)  0.033 M 
C)  0.067 M 
D)  0.076 M 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

At any given moment, a single water molecule participates in _____ strong hydrogen bond(s). The role played by the water molecule is best characterized as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  two ; one H-bond donor, one H-bond acceptor 
B)  two ; two H-bond donor 
C)  two ; two H-bond acceptor 
D)  one; H-bond donor 
E)  one; H-bond acceptor 
A)  two ; one H-bond donor, one H-bond acceptor 
B)  two ; two H-bond donor 
C)  two ; two H-bond acceptor 
D)  one; H-bond donor 
E)  one; H-bond acceptor

Question 14

Which of the following shows the buffer that is found in the blood stream?

Accepted Answer

A)  H3PO4   H2PO42-  + H+ 
B)  H2PO4-   HPO42-  + H+ 
C)  HPO42-   PO43-  + H+ 
D)  H2CO3   HCO3-  + H+ 
E)  HCO3-    CO32-  + H+ 
A)  H3PO4   H2PO42-  + H+ 
B)  H2PO4-   HPO42-  + H+ 
C)  HPO42-   PO43-  + H+ 
D)  H2CO3   HCO3-  + H+ 
E)  HCO3-    CO32-  + H+

Question 15

Which of the following shows the intracellular buffer?

Accepted Answer

A)  H3PO4   H2PO42-  + H+ 
B)  H2PO4-   HPO42-  + H+ 
C)  HPO42-   PO43-  + H+ 
D)  H2CO3   HCO3-  + H+ 
E)  HCO3-    CO32-  + H+ 
A)  H3PO4   H2PO42-  + H+ 
B)  H2PO4-   HPO42-  + H+ 
C)  HPO42-   PO43-  + H+ 
D)  H2CO3   HCO3-  + H+ 
E)  HCO3-    CO32-  + H+

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the hydrophobic effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lipid membrane of cells and organelles 
B)  protein folding that places hydrophobic amino acids in the interior of the protein 
C)  the separation of salad dressing 
D)  oil sheens seen on the ocean following an oil spill 
E)  all of the above 
A)  the lipid membrane of cells and organelles 
B)  protein folding that places hydrophobic amino acids in the interior of the protein 
C)  the separation of salad dressing 
D)  oil sheens seen on the ocean following an oil spill 
E)  all of the above

Question 17

Which of the following could be used to formulate 100 mls of a 0.10 M acetate buffer (pK=4.76) at pH 5 if you start with 64 mls of 0.10 M sodium acetate?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.6 mls of 1 M HCl 
B)  3.6 mls of 1 M NaOH 
C)  34 mls of 0.10 M HCl 
D)  34 mls of 0.10 M NaOH 
E)  34 mls of 0.10 M acetic acid 
A)  3.6 mls of 1 M HCl 
B)  3.6 mls of 1 M NaOH 
C)  34 mls of 0.10 M HCl 
D)  34 mls of 0.10 M NaOH 
E)  34 mls of 0.10 M acetic acid

Question 18

If the pK values for phosphoric acid are 2.15, 6.82 and 12.38, at what pH would one observe equal amounts of H2PO4- and HPO42-?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.15 
B)  4.49 
C)  6.82 
D)  9.60 
E)  12.38 
A)  2.15 
B)  4.49 
C)  6.82 
D)  9.60 
E)  12.38

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine, a base found in nucleic acids 
B)  glucose, a monosaccharide 
C)  serine, an amino acid 
D)  palmitic acid, a fatty acid 
E)  none of the above 
A)  adenine, a base found in nucleic acids 
B)  glucose, a monosaccharide 
C)  serine, an amino acid 
D)  palmitic acid, a fatty acid 
E)  none of the above

Question 20

Hydrogen bonds are approximately _____% of the bond strength of covalent C-C or C-H bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  5 
C)  20 
D)  50 
E)  95 
A)  1 
B)  5 
C)  20 
D)  50 
E)  95

Exam 2: Aqueous Chemistry

Free amine groups are excreted as the ammonium ion, NH4+, and thus help to lower blood pH.

The amino acid ___ is metabolized in the kidney to produce ___ molecules of ammonia.

Which of the following can cause metabolic acidosis?

The most common disorder of acid-base chemistry in the human body is metabolic alkalosis.

The strongest non-covalent interactions are _____.

The 104.5° bond angle in the water molecule is the result of the ______ of electron orbitals around oxygen.

What would be the resulting pH if one drop (0.05 ml) of 1.0 M HCl was added to one liter of pure water (assume pH 7.0)?

In an aqueous solution, if the [OH-] is 3.0 * -5 M, what is the [H+]?

Metabolic alkalosis most commonly results from ___ or ___.

Considering the energetics of transferring nonpolar molecules from water to a nonpolar solvent, the factor T Δ\DeltaΔ S is generally _____, causing Δ\DeltaΔ G to be _____.

A molecule that has both a polar and nonpolar region is called _____________.

Considering a 0.1 M formic acid buffer, what is the concentration of formic acid present in a solution of pH 4.25 if the pK of formic acid is 3.75?

At any given moment, a single water molecule participates in _____ strong hydrogen bond(s). The role played by the water molecule is best characterized as _____.

Which of the following shows the buffer that is found in the blood stream?

Which of the following shows the intracellular buffer?

Which of the following is an example of the hydrophobic effect?

Which of the following could be used to formulate 100 mls of a 0.10 M acetate buffer (pK=4.76) at pH 5 if you start with 64 mls of 0.10 M sodium acetate?

If the pK values for phosphoric acid are 2.15, 6.82 and 12.38, at what pH would one observe equal amounts of H2PO4- and HPO42-?

Which of the following is an example of an amphipathic molecule?

Hydrogen bonds are approximately _____% of the bond strength of covalent C-C or C-H bonds.

The Chemical Basis of Life

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Protein Function

How Enzymes Work

Enzyme Kinetics and Inhibition

Lipids and Membranes

Membrane Transport

Signaling

Carbohydrates

Metabolism and Bioenergetics

Glucose Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Nitrogen Metabolism

Regulation of Mammalian Fuel Metabolism

DNA Replication and Repair

Transcription and RNA

Protein Synthesis

Filters

Free amine groups are excreted as the ammonium ion, NH₄⁺, and thus help to lower blood pH.

The amino acid _ is metabolized in the kidney to produce _ molecules of ammonia.

In an aqueous solution, if the [OH^-] is 3.0 * ^-5 M, what is the [H⁺]?

Metabolic alkalosis most commonly results from _ or _.

Considering the energetics of transferring nonpolar molecules from water to a nonpolar solvent, the factor T $\Delta$ S is generally _, causing $\Delta$ G to be _.

At any given moment, a single water molecule participates in _ strong hydrogen bond(s). The role played by the water molecule is best characterized as _.

If the pK values for phosphoric acid are 2.15, 6.82 and 12.38, at what pH would one observe equal amounts of H₂PO₄^- and HPO₄^2-?