Question 1

The text points to which of the following as a "Copernican Revolution" in philosophy?

Accepted Answer

A) Hegel's idea of the Absolute Spirit 
B) The romantics' primacy of emotion over reason 
C) Byron's exaltation of the senses 
D) Kant's idea that the knower is the active agent in knowledge, not the object being known 
E) Coleridge's rejection of the watchmaker God of the philosophes 
A) Hegel's idea of the Absolute Spirit 
B) The romantics' primacy of emotion over reason 
C) Byron's exaltation of the senses 
D) Kant's idea that the knower is the active agent in knowledge, not the object being known 
E) Coleridge's rejection of the watchmaker God of the philosophes D

Question 2

German idealism developed in part as a response to the challenge posed by

Accepted Answer

A) industrialization. 
B) empiricism. 
C) liberalism. 
D) Napoleon. 
E) positivism. 
A) industrialization. 
B) empiricism. 
C) liberalism. 
D) Napoleon. 
E) positivism. B

Question 3

Because Hegel believed that "the state is the Divine Idea as it exists on Earth," he concluded that

Accepted Answer

A) the individual must subordinate himself to the state. 
B) the state is the pinnacle of freedom. 
C) only through the state is a person truly conscious. 
D) only through the state is a person truly moral. 
E) all of the above 
A) the individual must subordinate himself to the state. 
B) the state is the pinnacle of freedom. 
C) only through the state is a person truly conscious. 
D) only through the state is a person truly moral. 
E) all of the above E

Question 4

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What role did the French Revolution and Napoleonic period play in shaping nineteenth-century politics and culture? Use specific examples to support your assessment.

Accepted Answer

The French Revolution and Napoleonic per

Question 5

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What were the main characteristics of Romanticism, and in what ways did the Romantic Movement represent a rejection of earlier modes of thinking? Use specific examples to support your assessment.

Accepted Answer

Romanticism was a cultural and artistic

Question 6

According to the textbook, the romantics' impact on European history included all the following EXCEPT romantics

Accepted Answer

A) were among the first to see the dehumanization caused by capitalism. 
B) introduced a highly charged nonrational component into political life that, in the twentieth century, would contribute to Fascism. 
C) shed light on a part of human nature neglected by the Enlightenment. 
D) introduced a sensitivity and gentleness into society that prevented further revolution and bloodshed. 
E) legitimized the study of human emotion. 
A) were among the first to see the dehumanization caused by capitalism. 
B) introduced a highly charged nonrational component into political life that, in the twentieth century, would contribute to Fascism. 
C) shed light on a part of human nature neglected by the Enlightenment. 
D) introduced a sensitivity and gentleness into society that prevented further revolution and bloodshed. 
E) legitimized the study of human emotion.

Question 7

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 iron law of wages

Accepted Answer

The iron law of wages is a theory in eco

Question 8

One may correctly say that nineteenth-century liberals

Accepted Answer

A) were inevitably followers of de Tocqueville. 
B) never engaged in revolutions. 
C) were concerned that revolution would spread to the masses. 
D) called for universal manhood suffrage with only age qualifications as a limitation. 
E) shared de Tocqueville's recognition that the move towards democracy is inevitable. 
A) were inevitably followers of de Tocqueville. 
B) never engaged in revolutions. 
C) were concerned that revolution would spread to the masses. 
D) called for universal manhood suffrage with only age qualifications as a limitation. 
E) shared de Tocqueville's recognition that the move towards democracy is inevitable.

Question 9

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What points of similarity do you find between the arguments of Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo?

Accepted Answer

Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo were bo

Question 10

The romantic attitude toward the Middle Ages is best characterized as

Accepted Answer

A) denigration. 
B) reverence. 
C) incomprehension. 
D) bewilderment. 
E) revulsion. 
A) denigration. 
B) reverence. 
C) incomprehension. 
D) bewilderment. 
E) revulsion.

Question 11

For Hegel, the supreme embodiment of Universal Reason in the world was

Accepted Answer

A) the state. 
B) the church. 
C) extraordinary individuals like Jesus. 
D) the German volk. 
E) the Zeitgeist. 
A) the state. 
B) the church. 
C) extraordinary individuals like Jesus. 
D) the German volk. 
E) the Zeitgeist.

Question 12

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 radicals

Accepted Answer

Radicals are individuals or groups who a

Question 13

Concerning religion, the romantics

Accepted Answer

A) rejected the philosophes interpretation of God as the cosmic watchmaker. 
B) believed that Christian moral conditions elevated human behavior.​ 
C) were inspired by Christian ceremonies and architecture.​ 
D) viewed God as the spiritual force that enriches life. 
E) all of the above​ 
A) rejected the philosophes interpretation of God as the cosmic watchmaker. 
B) believed that Christian moral conditions elevated human behavior.​ 
C) were inspired by Christian ceremonies and architecture.​ 
D) viewed God as the spiritual force that enriches life. 
E) all of the above​

Question 14

Bentham and Benthamites supported all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the end of the monarchy and the House of Lords. 
B) the maintenance of clerical control over education. 
C) the passage of legislation to protect women and children in the factories. 
D) the reform of the British prison system. 
E) the extension of suffrage. 
A) the end of the monarchy and the House of Lords. 
B) the maintenance of clerical control over education. 
C) the passage of legislation to protect women and children in the factories. 
D) the reform of the British prison system. 
E) the extension of suffrage.

Question 15

Conservatives such as Burke believed all the following to be true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) human nature and social relations are too complex to be subject to social engineering. 
B) the Enlightenment and revolutionaries had reduced people to abstractions divorced from their historical environment. 
C) individuals have only limited intelligence and must rely on "the general bank and capital of nations and of the ages." 
D) beneficial institutions need not be rational or intellectually elegant. 
E) society is a complex mechanism that should be overhauled. 
A) human nature and social relations are too complex to be subject to social engineering. 
B) the Enlightenment and revolutionaries had reduced people to abstractions divorced from their historical environment. 
C) individuals have only limited intelligence and must rely on "the general bank and capital of nations and of the ages." 
D) beneficial institutions need not be rational or intellectually elegant. 
E) society is a complex mechanism that should be overhauled.

Question 16

According to the text, the central message of the romantics was that

Accepted Answer

A) the individual imagination was primary in artistic creation. 
B) faith must be upheld. 
C) imagination was important, but feelings were not. 
D) poetry should not seek to philosophize. 
E) the past, especially the Middle Ages, was fascinating. 
A) the individual imagination was primary in artistic creation. 
B) faith must be upheld. 
C) imagination was important, but feelings were not. 
D) poetry should not seek to philosophize. 
E) the past, especially the Middle Ages, was fascinating.

Question 17

Early nineteenth-century conservatives were likely to blame which of the following as the root of human malevolence?

Accepted Answer

A) irrational laws 
B) poor education 
C) human nature 
D) a bad environment 
E) oppressive governments 
A) irrational laws 
B) poor education 
C) human nature 
D) a bad environment 
E) oppressive governments

Question 18

In discussions about nations in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a nation was identified as

Accepted Answer

A) the government administering a set piece of territory. 
B) the physical land or country on which a given people lived. 
C) the people as a whole whether or not they have a government of their own. 
D) indistinguishable from a state. 
E) indistinguishable from a country. 
A) the government administering a set piece of territory. 
B) the physical land or country on which a given people lived. 
C) the people as a whole whether or not they have a government of their own. 
D) indistinguishable from a state. 
E) indistinguishable from a country.

Question 19

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why was history a very important part of the work of Hegel? In what way did Hegel's view of freedom actually limit man's freedom of action? How did his ideas contrast with the ideas of the philosophes?

Accepted Answer

History was a very important part of the

Question 20

In nineteenth-century European life, Christianity was replaced as the dominant spiritual force by

Accepted Answer

A) atheism. 
B) radicalism. 
C) romanticism. 
D) nationalism. 
E) none of the above 
A) atheism. 
B) radicalism. 
C) romanticism. 
D) nationalism. 
E) none of the above

Exam 21: Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

The text points to which of the following as a "Copernican Revolution" in philosophy?

German idealism developed in part as a response to the challenge posed by

Because Hegel believed that "the state is the Divine Idea as it exists on Earth," he concluded that

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What role did the French Revolution and Napoleonic period play in shaping nineteenth-century politics and culture? Use specific examples to support your assessment.

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What were the main characteristics of Romanticism, and in what ways did the Romantic Movement represent a rejection of earlier modes of thinking? Use specific examples to support your assessment.

According to the textbook, the romantics' impact on European history included all the following EXCEPT romantics

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? iron law of wages

One may correctly say that nineteenth-century liberals

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What points of similarity do you find between the arguments of Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo?

The romantic attitude toward the Middle Ages is best characterized as

For Hegel, the supreme embodiment of Universal Reason in the world was

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? radicals

Concerning religion, the romantics

Bentham and Benthamites supported all of the following EXCEPT

Conservatives such as Burke believed all the following to be true EXCEPT

According to the text, the central message of the romantics was that

Early nineteenth-century conservatives were likely to blame which of the following as the root of human malevolence?

In discussions about nations in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a nation was identified as

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why was history a very important part of the work of Hegel? In what way did Hegel's view of freedom actually limit man's freedom of action? How did his ideas contrast with the ideas of the philosophes?

In nineteenth-century European life, Christianity was replaced as the dominant spiritual force by

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

Filters