Question 1

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 mechanization

Accepted Answer

Mechanization refers to the process of using machinery to perform tasks that were previously done by hand. This can include tasks such as farming, manufacturing, and transportation. The "who" in mechanization could be anyone who is involved in the process of using machinery, such as farmers, factory workers, or engineers. The "what" is the use of machines to automate and streamline tasks. The "where" can be anywhere that machinery is being used, such as on a farm, in a factory, or on a construction site. The "when" refers to the time period in which mechanization is taking place, which can vary depending on the industry and technology available. The "why important" is that mechanization can increase efficiency, productivity, and output, leading to economic growth and improved living standards. It can also reduce the need for manual labor and make certain tasks safer and more precise.

Question 2

Germany under Bismarck had an authoritarian government

Accepted Answer

A) with a federation of twelve states. 
B) without universal manhood suffrage. 
C) that included a parliament, the Reichstag. 
D) whose chancellor and cabinet were controlled by the aristocrats. 
E) all of the above 
A) with a federation of twelve states. 
B) without universal manhood suffrage. 
C) that included a parliament, the Reichstag. 
D) whose chancellor and cabinet were controlled by the aristocrats. 
E) all of the above C

Question 3

The southern part of Ireland gained its independence

Accepted Answer

A) when the English leadership under Gladstone was pressured by the Fenians in the 1880s. 
B) by siding with the Germans in World War I. 
C) when the rebellion in Dublin, called the Easter Rebellion, succeeded in 1916. 
D) when Lloyd George negotiated a settlement to divide Ireland after World War I. 
E) none of the above 
A) when the English leadership under Gladstone was pressured by the Fenians in the 1880s. 
B) by siding with the Germans in World War I. 
C) when the rebellion in Dublin, called the Easter Rebellion, succeeded in 1916. 
D) when Lloyd George negotiated a settlement to divide Ireland after World War I. 
E) none of the above D

Question 4

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 ennobled

Accepted Answer

Ennobled refers to the act of being gran

Question 5

Between 1850 and World War I

Accepted Answer

A) technology had little impact on the number of skilled and unskilled workers. 
B) workers experienced a rise in its standard of living, thanks to government and trade union actions and a general rise in productivity. 
C) little public sympathy existed for even the poorest and most exploited workers. 
D) the monotony and danger of early industrial jobs declined significantly as the result of the application of new technologies. 
E) all of the above 
A) technology had little impact on the number of skilled and unskilled workers. 
B) workers experienced a rise in its standard of living, thanks to government and trade union actions and a general rise in productivity. 
C) little public sympathy existed for even the poorest and most exploited workers. 
D) the monotony and danger of early industrial jobs declined significantly as the result of the application of new technologies. 
E) all of the above

Question 6

The "cult of domesticity" was everything EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the ideal that women should stay at home and not work. 
B) a continuation of the traditional role of women. 
C) a bourgeois ideal that was increasingly being adopted by the working class. 
D) a major factor in making the world of work into a man's world. 
E) a major change in Western society. 
A) the ideal that women should stay at home and not work. 
B) a continuation of the traditional role of women. 
C) a bourgeois ideal that was increasingly being adopted by the working class. 
D) a major factor in making the world of work into a man's world. 
E) a major change in Western society.

Question 7

According to the text, what was unusual about the Czechs and the Basques?

Accepted Answer

A) They successfully resisted assimilation in the newly unified states: Germany and Italy. 
B) They were two ethnic minorities whose national consciousness actually rose because of industrialization. 
C) Urbanization seriously undermined these once well-organized ethnic groups. 
D) Though their languages underwent a renaissance in the nineteenth century, their national consciousness declined. 
E) none of the above 
A) They successfully resisted assimilation in the newly unified states: Germany and Italy. 
B) They were two ethnic minorities whose national consciousness actually rose because of industrialization. 
C) Urbanization seriously undermined these once well-organized ethnic groups. 
D) Though their languages underwent a renaissance in the nineteenth century, their national consciousness declined. 
E) none of the above

Question 8

The fusion of the Industrial and Scientific Revolutions by 1900 is exemplified by

Accepted Answer

A) the increasing use of electricity and petroleum as opposed to steam. 
B) the development and wide use of synthetic materials. 
C) the development of the internal combustion and diesel engines. 
D) a revolution in medicine including the anesthetics and antiseptics. 
E) all of the above 
A) the increasing use of electricity and petroleum as opposed to steam. 
B) the development and wide use of synthetic materials. 
C) the development of the internal combustion and diesel engines. 
D) a revolution in medicine including the anesthetics and antiseptics. 
E) all of the above

Question 9

Official nationality, the ideology of Russian superiority, was created by

Accepted Answer

A) Peter the Great. 
B) Catherine the Great. 
C) the Russian officers who rebelled in 1825. 
D) Nicholas I. 
E) Alexander II. 
A) Peter the Great. 
B) Catherine the Great. 
C) the Russian officers who rebelled in 1825. 
D) Nicholas I. 
E) Alexander II.

Question 10

The "captains of industry" did NOT succeed in gaining which of the following by 1900?

Accepted Answer

A) access to noble status 
B) the fascination of the public 
C) access to politicians, some of who had nicknames as a result: the railroad senator or the oil senator 
D) control of the highest echelons of the military 
E) acquisition of astonishing wealth and power 
A) access to noble status 
B) the fascination of the public 
C) access to politicians, some of who had nicknames as a result: the railroad senator or the oil senator 
D) control of the highest echelons of the military 
E) acquisition of astonishing wealth and power

Question 11

Assembly-line production originated with

Accepted Answer

A) Henry Ford. 
B) Emil Jellinek. 
C) Gottfried Daimler. 
D) Karl Benz. 
E) Armand Peugeot. 
A) Henry Ford. 
B) Emil Jellinek. 
C) Gottfried Daimler. 
D) Karl Benz. 
E) Armand Peugeot.

Question 12

The industrial giants that appeared in the second half of the nineteenth century

Accepted Answer

A) often were alliances of boards of directors, professional managers, and financiers allied with banks. 
B) operated far-flung empires of enormous mechanized factories. 
C) usually employed unskilled, low-paid labor. 
D) financed and utilized scientific advances. 
E) all of the above 
A) often were alliances of boards of directors, professional managers, and financiers allied with banks. 
B) operated far-flung empires of enormous mechanized factories. 
C) usually employed unskilled, low-paid labor. 
D) financed and utilized scientific advances. 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 "match girls"

Accepted Answer

The term "match girls" refers to young w

Question 14

The political situation in the German Empire in 1914 included all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) both the Catholic Center Party and the socialist SPD had been strengthened by Bismarck's attacks. 
B) the government retained many features of an absolutist monarchy. 
C) the SPD was the largest party in the Reichstag. 
D) the liberal parties were trying to make the chancellor answerable to the Reichstag rather than to the emperor. 
E) the SPD offered workers an alternative way of life, including youth, sports, and cultural organizations. 
A) both the Catholic Center Party and the socialist SPD had been strengthened by Bismarck's attacks. 
B) the government retained many features of an absolutist monarchy. 
C) the SPD was the largest party in the Reichstag. 
D) the liberal parties were trying to make the chancellor answerable to the Reichstag rather than to the emperor. 
E) the SPD offered workers an alternative way of life, including youth, sports, and cultural organizations.

Question 15

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In what ways did Louis Napoleon Bonaparte attempt to satisfy various groups in society? What were his successes, and what were his failures?

Accepted Answer

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, also known as

Question 16

The Paris Commune (1871)

Accepted Answer

A) contained a wide variety of opinions. 
B) refused to agree with the Provisional Governments surrender to Prussia. 
C) ruled Paris for two months. 
D) inspired radicals in other countries. 
E) all of the above 
A) contained a wide variety of opinions. 
B) refused to agree with the Provisional Governments surrender to Prussia. 
C) ruled Paris for two months. 
D) inspired radicals in other countries. 
E) all of the above

Question 17

Which of the following did governments use to expand their authority and control their citizens during the later nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) military conscription 
B) public education 
C) broad taxation 
D) nationalism 
E) all of the above 
A) military conscription 
B) public education 
C) broad taxation 
D) nationalism 
E) all of the above

Question 18

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Judging by the evidence presented in this chapter, were labor unions important in raising worker standards of living in western Europe, or not?

Accepted Answer

Labor unions have played a crucial role

Question 19

Which country was the first to enact a comprehensive system of social legislation including insurance against illness, disability, accidents, and old age?

Accepted Answer

A) Bismarck's Germany 
B) the French Third Republic 
C) Disraeli's Britain 
D) the United States 
E) Victor Emmanuel's Italy 
A) Bismarck's Germany 
B) the French Third Republic 
C) Disraeli's Britain 
D) the United States 
E) Victor Emmanuel's Italy

Question 20

Among those who championed the cause of Alfred Dreyfus were

Accepted Answer

A) radical republicans. 
B) university students. 
C) writers including Anatole France. 
D) socialists. 
E) all of the above ​ 
A) radical republicans. 
B) university students. 
C) writers including Anatole France. 
D) socialists. 
E) all of the above ​

Exam 25: The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? mechanization

Germany under Bismarck had an authoritarian government

The southern part of Ireland gained its independence

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? ennobled

Between 1850 and World War I

The "cult of domesticity" was everything EXCEPT

According to the text, what was unusual about the Czechs and the Basques?

The fusion of the Industrial and Scientific Revolutions by 1900 is exemplified by

Official nationality, the ideology of Russian superiority, was created by

The "captains of industry" did NOT succeed in gaining which of the following by 1900?

Assembly-line production originated with

The industrial giants that appeared in the second half of the nineteenth century

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? "match girls"

The political situation in the German Empire in 1914 included all the following EXCEPT

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In what ways did Louis Napoleon Bonaparte attempt to satisfy various groups in society? What were his successes, and what were his failures?

The Paris Commune (1871)

Which of the following did governments use to expand their authority and control their citizens during the later nineteenth century?

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Judging by the evidence presented in this chapter, were labor unions important in raising worker standards of living in western Europe, or not?

Which country was the first to enact a comprehensive system of social legislation including insurance against illness, disability, accidents, and old age?

Among those who championed the cause of Alfred Dreyfus were

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

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