Question 1

Humanity's naive self-love, according to Freud, has undergone which bitter blow?

Accepted Answer

A) The Bible damned humanity, Copernicus removed humanity from the center of the universe, and psychoanalysis has shown that humanity is not even in charge of its own mind. 
B) Greek rationalism denied humanity a relationship with the divine, scholasticism denied the autonomy of human reason, and Newton embedded humanity in a mechanical uncaring world. 
C) Christianity has taught humanity to hate itself, Copernicus removed humanity from the center of God's attention, and Darwin denied the existence of God. 
D) Scholasticism denied the autonomy of human reason, Darwin denied humanity's separation from the animal world, and Nietzsche denied the usefulness of human reason. 
E) Copernicus removed humanity from the center of the universe, Darwin denied humanity's separation from the animal world, and psychoanalysis has shown that humanity is not even in charge of its own mind. 
A) The Bible damned humanity, Copernicus removed humanity from the center of the universe, and psychoanalysis has shown that humanity is not even in charge of its own mind. 
B) Greek rationalism denied humanity a relationship with the divine, scholasticism denied the autonomy of human reason, and Newton embedded humanity in a mechanical uncaring world. 
C) Christianity has taught humanity to hate itself, Copernicus removed humanity from the center of God's attention, and Darwin denied the existence of God. 
D) Scholasticism denied the autonomy of human reason, Darwin denied humanity's separation from the animal world, and Nietzsche denied the usefulness of human reason. 
E) Copernicus removed humanity from the center of the universe, Darwin denied humanity's separation from the animal world, and psychoanalysis has shown that humanity is not even in charge of its own mind. E

Question 2

Bergson may be best associated with

Accepted Answer

A) studying the id. 
B) positivism and the ability of science to provide explanations. 
C) being the first artist of the surrealist movement. 
D) the theory that intuition can grasp ultimate reality. 
E) the study of popular culture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 
A) studying the id. 
B) positivism and the ability of science to provide explanations. 
C) being the first artist of the surrealist movement. 
D) the theory that intuition can grasp ultimate reality. 
E) the study of popular culture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. D

Question 3

Modernism in the arts sought to replace classical and realist models with

Accepted Answer

A) a purely scientific approach to creativity. 
B) intense introspection freed from predetermined form. 
C) the unassuming culture of the new urban working class. 
D) the simple essentials behind the complexity of modern society. 
E) a celebration of the power of modern technology. 
A) a purely scientific approach to creativity. 
B) intense introspection freed from predetermined form. 
C) the unassuming culture of the new urban working class. 
D) the simple essentials behind the complexity of modern society. 
E) a celebration of the power of modern technology. B

Question 4

According to Weber, reason in the West brought

Accepted Answer

A) achievements in science that helped to master nature. 
B) the possibility of self-liberation. 
C) a means of self-enslavement. 
D) the despiritualization of life. 
E) all of the above 
A) achievements in science that helped to master nature. 
B) the possibility of self-liberation. 
C) a means of self-enslavement. 
D) the despiritualization of life. 
E) all of the above

Question 5

Which artist's work, which included  The Starry Night,  expressed his tumultuous temperament?

Accepted Answer

A) Van Gogh 
B) Picasso 
C) Kandinsky 
D) Mondrian 
E) Matisse 
A) Van Gogh 
B) Picasso 
C) Kandinsky 
D) Mondrian 
E) Matisse

Question 6

The questioning of rationality in so many fields at the turn of the twentieth century undermined liberalism by

Accepted Answer

A) showing that inalienable human rights are simply a historically based creation of the human mind. 
B) concluding that a society cannot function as liberals assumed because people are not rational. 
C) arguing that the most basic ideas of human rights and popular sovereignty are simply tools cynically used by elites. 
D) offering people more emotion, irrational ideologies. 
E) all of the above ​ 
A) showing that inalienable human rights are simply a historically based creation of the human mind. 
B) concluding that a society cannot function as liberals assumed because people are not rational. 
C) arguing that the most basic ideas of human rights and popular sovereignty are simply tools cynically used by elites. 
D) offering people more emotion, irrational ideologies. 
E) all of the above ​

Question 7

Nietzsche's attack on the values and ideologies of his day included his indictment of all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) bourgeois society. 
B) the faith in progress. 
C) Christian values. 
D) parliamentary government, universal suffrage, and social reform. 
E) individual potential. 
A) bourgeois society. 
B) the faith in progress. 
C) Christian values. 
D) parliamentary government, universal suffrage, and social reform. 
E) individual potential.

Question 8

Which seems NOT to have been true in the early twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A) As the West enjoyed unprecedented prosperity and representative government, it began to doubt its values. 
B) As the West dominated the world, it began to seriously question its assumptions about knowledge and the universe. 
C) The sense of doubt and frustration was most clearly articulated by average citizens. 
D) The fascination with the irrational contributed to dramatically irrational events such as World War I. 
E) A spiritual crisis would shatter Europe's social and political order. 
A) As the West enjoyed unprecedented prosperity and representative government, it began to doubt its values. 
B) As the West dominated the world, it began to seriously question its assumptions about knowledge and the universe. 
C) The sense of doubt and frustration was most clearly articulated by average citizens. 
D) The fascination with the irrational contributed to dramatically irrational events such as World War I. 
E) A spiritual crisis would shatter Europe's social and political order.

Question 9

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 irrationalism

Accepted Answer

Irrationalism is a philosophical concept

Question 10

Modern physics challenged Newtonian physics in all the following ways EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) time and space are no longer considered independent or absolute. 
B) the law of cause and effect does not always apply. 
C) the very act of scientific investigation alters what is being examined. 
D) all forces in nature have been proven to be a single force expressed through mathematics. 
E) at best, science can determine probability not certainty. 
A) time and space are no longer considered independent or absolute. 
B) the law of cause and effect does not always apply. 
C) the very act of scientific investigation alters what is being examined. 
D) all forces in nature have been proven to be a single force expressed through mathematics. 
E) at best, science can determine probability not certainty.

Question 11

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What critiques of modern society were posited by Nietzsche, Dostoevsky, Bergson, and Sorel?

Accepted Answer

Nietzsche, Dostoevsky, Bergson, and Sore

Question 12

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Compare and contrast Freud's ideas with the goals, values, and attitudes of the Enlightenment tradition.

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud and the Enlightenment trad

Question 13

Modernism in the arts sought to do all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) denying objectivity. 
B) enabling the audience of whatever kind to participate in the creative process. 
C) rearranging reality. 
D) conveying how the artist transforms what he encounters. 
E) denying the inner reality of the artist. 
A) denying objectivity. 
B) enabling the audience of whatever kind to participate in the creative process. 
C) rearranging reality. 
D) conveying how the artist transforms what he encounters. 
E) denying the inner reality of the artist.

Question 14

The thinker whose theories led to greater concern for the emotional needs of children is

Accepted Answer

A) Pareto. 
B) Durkheim. 
C) Freud. 
D) Le Bon. 
E) Weber. 
A) Pareto. 
B) Durkheim. 
C) Freud. 
D) Le Bon. 
E) Weber.

Question 15

Which of the following cited Pareto as a source of inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Kasier William II 
B) Tsar Nicholas II 
C) Lenin 
D) Kerensky 
E) Mussolini 
A) Kasier William II 
B) Tsar Nicholas II 
C) Lenin 
D) Kerensky 
E) Mussolini

Question 16

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 the Underground Man

Accepted Answer

The Underground Man refers to the protag

Question 17

Who discovered X-rays?

Accepted Answer

A) Albert Einstein 
B) Werner Heisenberg 
C) Max Planck 
D) Wilhelm Roentgen 
E) Marie Sklodowska Curie 
A) Albert Einstein 
B) Werner Heisenberg 
C) Max Planck 
D) Wilhelm Roentgen 
E) Marie Sklodowska Curie

Question 18

In Civilization and Its Discontents Freud states that

Accepted Answer

A) there is a relentless struggle between human instincts and the demands made by civilization. 
B) civilization demands that the psychic energy people instinctually direct toward pleasure be diverted to other purposes. 
C) through the family, school, church, and the police, society enforces its demands on people psychic energy. 
D) people are guaranteed misery either from not satisfying their need for pleasure or from the guilt of satisfying it. 
E) all of the above 
A) there is a relentless struggle between human instincts and the demands made by civilization. 
B) civilization demands that the psychic energy people instinctually direct toward pleasure be diverted to other purposes. 
C) through the family, school, church, and the police, society enforces its demands on people psychic energy. 
D) people are guaranteed misery either from not satisfying their need for pleasure or from the guilt of satisfying it. 
E) all of the above

Question 19

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What did Max Weber mean by "the disenchantment of the world," and what problems did he associate with secular rationality?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber, a prominent sociologist, used

Question 20

Nietzsche declared that

Accepted Answer

A) the world is absurd and godless. 
B) life is filled with cruelty, injustice, uncertainty, and powerlessness. 
C) the true forces of life are instinctual desires. 
D) happiness comes from the attainment of power. 
E) all of the above 
A) the world is absurd and godless. 
B) life is filled with cruelty, injustice, uncertainty, and powerlessness. 
C) the true forces of life are instinctual desires. 
D) happiness comes from the attainment of power. 
E) all of the above

Exam 27: Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

Humanity's naive self-love, according to Freud, has undergone which bitter blow?

Bergson may be best associated with

Modernism in the arts sought to replace classical and realist models with

According to Weber, reason in the West brought

Which artist's work, which included The Starry Night, expressed his tumultuous temperament?

The questioning of rationality in so many fields at the turn of the twentieth century undermined liberalism by

Nietzsche's attack on the values and ideologies of his day included his indictment of all of the following EXCEPT

Which seems NOT to have been true in the early twentieth century?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? irrationalism

Modern physics challenged Newtonian physics in all the following ways EXCEPT

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What critiques of modern society were posited by Nietzsche, Dostoevsky, Bergson, and Sorel?

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Compare and contrast Freud's ideas with the goals, values, and attitudes of the Enlightenment tradition.

Modernism in the arts sought to do all the following EXCEPT

The thinker whose theories led to greater concern for the emotional needs of children is

Which of the following cited Pareto as a source of inspiration?

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? the Underground Man

Who discovered X-rays?

In Civilization and Its Discontents Freud states that

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What did Max Weber mean by "the disenchantment of the world," and what problems did he associate with secular rationality?

Nietzsche declared that

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

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