Question 1

Which statement regarding peripheral insertion of central catheters is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is lower in cost 
B)  It is less invasive 
C)  It enters the circulation at the basilica vein 
D)  It enters the circulation at the right subclavian vein 
A)  It is lower in cost 
B)  It is less invasive 
C)  It enters the circulation at the basilica vein 
D)  It enters the circulation at the right subclavian vein

Question 2

Osmolality refers to milliosmoles of ions and molecules per _____

Accepted Answer

A)  liter of solution (mOsm/L) 
B)  kilogram of solvent (mOsm/kg) 
C)  kilogram of solution (mOsm/kg) 
D)  liter of solvent (mOsm/L) 
A)  liter of solution (mOsm/L) 
B)  kilogram of solvent (mOsm/kg) 
C)  kilogram of solution (mOsm/kg) 
D)  liter of solvent (mOsm/L)

Question 3

A 3-in-1 solution that contains amino acids, lipids, and dextrose is also called a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolyzed solution 
B)  total nutrient admixture 
C)  elemental suspension 
D)  isotonic solution 
A)  hydrolyzed solution 
B)  total nutrient admixture 
C)  elemental suspension 
D)  isotonic solution

Question 4

Daily fluid needs range from ____ mL per kilogram of body weight in most stable patients.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 15 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  30 to 40 
D)  35 to 45 
A)  5 to 15 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  30 to 40 
D)  35 to 45

Question 5

The do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order is most often used in patients for whom ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  death is expected and inevitable 
B)  treatment is excessively costly and not reimbursable 
C)  organ procurement is in progress 
D)  families have requested it 
A)  death is expected and inevitable 
B)  treatment is excessively costly and not reimbursable 
C)  organ procurement is in progress 
D)  families have requested it

Question 6

Why are few medications added to parenteral solutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  to avoid potential drug-nutrient interactions 
B)  because too many can destabilize the dextrose 
C)  because they are unnecessary if the solution is properly balanced 
D)  because it is not possible to do so 
A)  to avoid potential drug-nutrient interactions 
B)  because too many can destabilize the dextrose 
C)  because they are unnecessary if the solution is properly balanced 
D)  because it is not possible to do so

Question 7

Which statement is true of Terri's Law?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows hospitals to withdraw life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family. 
B)  It allowed the governor to order hospitals to withdraw life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family, but was found unconstitutional. 
C)  It allows hospitals to continue life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family. 
D)  It allowed the governor to intervene and act against a family's wishes in order to continue life-sustaining treatment, but was found unconstitutional. 
A)  It allows hospitals to withdraw life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family. 
B)  It allowed the governor to order hospitals to withdraw life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family, but was found unconstitutional. 
C)  It allows hospitals to continue life-sustaining treatment against the wishes of the family. 
D)  It allowed the governor to intervene and act against a family's wishes in order to continue life-sustaining treatment, but was found unconstitutional.

Question 8

Short Case-study  
Devon Young is a 30-year-old single male who exercises and follows a healthy diet. His physician admits Devon to the medical-surgical unit for evaluation of reported symptoms of poor appetite, constipation, nausea, and vomiting for 3 days.
-After surgery, Devon remains on ventilator support but his gut function is improving. The doctor should initiate ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a soft diet 
B)  a clear liquid diet 
C)  elemental tube feeding 
D)  PPN 
A)  a soft diet 
B)  a clear liquid diet 
C)  elemental tube feeding 
D)  PPN

Question 9

The approximate osmolarity of a 1-L solution that contains 35 g of amino acids, 200 g of dextrose, 20 g of lipids from a 20% fat emulsion, and 150 mEq and mmol of electrolytes would be __________ mOsm/L.

Accepted Answer

A)  1039.4 
B)  1339.2 
C)  1514.2 
D)  1729.4 
A)  1039.4 
B)  1339.2 
C)  1514.2 
D)  1729.4

Question 10

Osmolality is usually derived by using ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  equations that account for the nutrients and electrolytes 
B)  the weights of the nutrients and solution 
C)  an instrument called an osmometer 
D)  an instrument called a spectrometer 
A)  equations that account for the nutrients and electrolytes 
B)  the weights of the nutrients and solution 
C)  an instrument called an osmometer 
D)  an instrument called a spectrometer

Question 11

How many kcalories are provided by 3 L of a 5% dextrose solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  150 
B)  510 
C)  600 
D)  660 
A)  150 
B)  510 
C)  600 
D)  660

Question 12

Short Case Study
Elena Hayes is a 64-year-old realtor. She has been admitted to the local medical center six times in the past 3 months with severe pancreatitis. Elena has been experiencing intractable vomiting and intense pain after eating. Her insurance will not cover home nutritional support. She is being transferred to a subacute nursing facility for therapy.
-Upon admission, Elena tells her nurse that she has a lot of fear with regard to nutrition support because she experienced a "vein blowout" at a previous admission. What is the most likely cause of this incident?

Accepted Answer

A)  high glucose in the TPN 
B)  low amino acids in the TPN 
C)  low vitamin K in the PPN 
D)  high osmolarity of the PPN 
A)  high glucose in the TPN 
B)  low amino acids in the TPN 
C)  low vitamin K in the PPN 
D)  high osmolarity of the PPN

Question 13

Which condition describes a catheter-related complication of parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  refeeding syndrome 
B)  gallbladder disease 
C)  air embolism 
D)  nutrient deficiencies 
A)  refeeding syndrome 
B)  gallbladder disease 
C)  air embolism 
D)  nutrient deficiencies

Question 14

How much energy does dextrose provide?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.4 kcal/g 
B)  4.0 kcal/g 
C)  4.4 kcal/g 
D)  5.0 kcal/g 
A)  3.4 kcal/g 
B)  4.0 kcal/g 
C)  4.4 kcal/g 
D)  5.0 kcal/g

Question 15

Although the administration of 3-in-1 solutions is simpler because only one infusion pump is required, what can occur when lipid emulsions have been added?

Accepted Answer

A)  The solution is too dense to use in a central vein. 
B)  The solution causes platelet aggregation. 
C)  The solution often becomes contaminated. 
D)  The solution can form large lipid droplets. 
A)  The solution is too dense to use in a central vein. 
B)  The solution causes platelet aggregation. 
C)  The solution often becomes contaminated. 
D)  The solution can form large lipid droplets.

Question 16

Peripheral parenteral nutrition is most often used in patients who require nutrition support for less than ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 weeks 
B)  6 weeks 
C)  3 months 
D)  6 months 
A)  2 weeks 
B)  6 weeks 
C)  3 months 
D)  6 months

Question 17

One major benefit of cyclic infusion of total parenteral nutrition is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  maintenance of high insulin levels 
B)  increase in fat stores 
C)  more freedom of movement during the day 
D)  achievement of a negative nitrogen balance 
A)  maintenance of high insulin levels 
B)  increase in fat stores 
C)  more freedom of movement during the day 
D)  achievement of a negative nitrogen balance

Question 18

Which macronutrient is usually the main source of energy in parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate 
B)  protein 
C)  fat 
D)  amino acids 
A)  carbohydrate 
B)  protein 
C)  fat 
D)  amino acids

Question 19

Short Case-study  
Devon Young is a 30-year-old single male who exercises and follows a healthy diet. His physician admits Devon to the medical-surgical unit for evaluation of reported symptoms of poor appetite, constipation, nausea, and vomiting for 3 days.
-Devon will need intestinal surgery and will be receiving nothing by mouth for 15 to 20 days. How can his medical team meet his nutritional needs during this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  regular diet 
B)  elemental formula 
C)  enteral nutrition 
D)  parenteral nutrition 
A)  regular diet 
B)  elemental formula 
C)  enteral nutrition 
D)  parenteral nutrition

Question 20

Redness, swelling, and tenderness at the infusion site of a vein is described as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hematoma 
B)  phlebitis 
C)  infiltration 
D)  nerve damage 
A)  hematoma 
B)  phlebitis 
C)  infiltration 
D)  nerve damage

Exam 21: Parenteral Nutrition Support

Which statement regarding peripheral insertion of central catheters is false?

Osmolality refers to milliosmoles of ions and molecules per _____

A 3-in-1 solution that contains amino acids, lipids, and dextrose is also called a ____.

Daily fluid needs range from ____ mL per kilogram of body weight in most stable patients.

The do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order is most often used in patients for whom ____.

Why are few medications added to parenteral solutions?

Which statement is true of Terri's Law?

The approximate osmolarity of a 1-L solution that contains 35 g of amino acids, 200 g of dextrose, 20 g of lipids from a 20% fat emulsion, and 150 mEq and mmol of electrolytes would be __________ mOsm/L.

Osmolality is usually derived by using ____.

How many kcalories are provided by 3 L of a 5% dextrose solution?

Which condition describes a catheter-related complication of parenteral nutrition?

How much energy does dextrose provide?

Although the administration of 3-in-1 solutions is simpler because only one infusion pump is required, what can occur when lipid emulsions have been added?

Peripheral parenteral nutrition is most often used in patients who require nutrition support for less than ____.

One major benefit of cyclic infusion of total parenteral nutrition is ____.

Which macronutrient is usually the main source of energy in parenteral nutrition?

Redness, swelling, and tenderness at the infusion site of a vein is described as ____.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters