Question 1

Calcium supplements should be taken ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  with a meal to enhance absorption of calcium 
B)  with iron supplements to enhance absorption of iron 
C)  with a meal to circumvent adverse nutrient interactions 
D)  in large doses all at once 
E)  in doses of 500 mg or more 
A)  with a meal to enhance absorption of calcium 
B)  with iron supplements to enhance absorption of iron 
C)  with a meal to circumvent adverse nutrient interactions 
D)  in large doses all at once 
E)  in doses of 500 mg or more

Question 2

Of the following, which person most likely at risk for potassium depletion?

Accepted Answer

A)  an Olympic weightlifter 
B)  a teenager who eats few fruits and vegetables 
C)  an woman with heavy menstrual periods 
D)  an elderly person with dementia 
E)  a vegan 
A)  an Olympic weightlifter 
B)  a teenager who eats few fruits and vegetables 
C)  an woman with heavy menstrual periods 
D)  an elderly person with dementia 
E)  a vegan

Question 3

Which two organs control the buffer system that regulate the body's acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin and lungs 
B)  liver and kidneys 
C)  kidneys and lungs 
D)  stomach and liver 
E)  stomach and pancreas 
A)  skin and lungs 
B)  liver and kidneys 
C)  kidneys and lungs 
D)  stomach and liver 
E)  stomach and pancreas

Question 4

Fluid within blood vessels is called ________ fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fluid within blood vessels is called ________...

Question 5

What does phosphorus do in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  participates in blood clotting 
B)  helps maintain gastric acidity 
C)  acts as principal intracellular electrolyte 
D)  stabilizes protein shape 
E)  assists in energy metabolism 
A)  participates in blood clotting 
B)  helps maintain gastric acidity 
C)  acts as principal intracellular electrolyte 
D)  stabilizes protein shape 
E)  assists in energy metabolism

Question 6

What percentage of the U.S. population exceeds the recommended intake for sodium?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% 
B)  60% 
C)  70% 
D)  80% 
E)  90% 
A)  50% 
B)  60% 
C)  70% 
D)  80% 
E)  90%

Question 7

More than half of the body's magnesium is in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  bones 
B)  teeth 
C)  extracellular fluid 
D)  cells of soft tissue 
E)  muscle 
A)  bones 
B)  teeth 
C)  extracellular fluid 
D)  cells of soft tissue 
E)  muscle

Question 8

Why is crucial to control potassium distribution for the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  It assists in wound healing. 
B)  It is required to maintain homeostasis and a steady heartbeat. 
C)  It is required to maintain structural integrity of the lungs. 
D)  It is required for to maintain blood sugar balance. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  It assists in wound healing. 
B)  It is required to maintain homeostasis and a steady heartbeat. 
C)  It is required to maintain structural integrity of the lungs. 
D)  It is required for to maintain blood sugar balance. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 9

Among the following, which is a powerful vasoconstrictor?

Accepted Answer

A)  angiotensin I 
B)  angiotensin II 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  renin 
E)  magnesium 
A)  angiotensin I 
B)  angiotensin II 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  renin 
E)  magnesium

Question 10

Compare and contrast how the body maintains blood calcium from the diet and from the bones.

Accepted Answer

Calcium homeostasis involves a system of

Question 11

What does magnesium do in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  participates in blood clotting 
B)  helps maintain gastric acidity 
C)  stabilizes protein shape 
D)  assists in energy metabolism 
E)  supports immune system functioning 
A)  participates in blood clotting 
B)  helps maintain gastric acidity 
C)  stabilizes protein shape 
D)  assists in energy metabolism 
E)  supports immune system functioning

Question 12

What is the UL for phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)  1200 mg 
B)  2500 mg 
C)  3500 mg 
D)  4000 mg 
E)  4500 mg 
A)  1200 mg 
B)  2500 mg 
C)  3500 mg 
D)  4000 mg 
E)  4500 mg

Question 13

How does sodium affect hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Most sodium is consumed as salt (sodium

Question 14

How is the concentration of electrolyte charges measured?

Accepted Answer

A)  by weight 
B)  in milliequivalents 
C)  by amperes 
D)  by mass 
E)  in millijoules 
A)  by weight 
B)  in milliequivalents 
C)  by amperes 
D)  by mass 
E)  in millijoules

Question 15

Which of the following is present in highest concentration in hard water?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  potassium 
C)  manganese 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  magnesium 
A)  sodium 
B)  potassium 
C)  manganese 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  magnesium

Question 16

What is the RDA of calcium (mg/day) for college-aged adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  800 
B)  1000 
C)  1200 
D)  1300 
E)  1500 
A)  800 
B)  1000 
C)  1200 
D)  1300 
E)  1500

Question 17

For women, soy consumption may lower the risk for osteoporosis because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it prevents the kidneys from excreting calcium 
B)  of the bioavailable calcium 
C)  of its stable hydroxyapatite crystal formation 
D)  its phytochemicals mimic the actions of estrogen in the body 
E)  calcium alginate is used to process the soy bean 
A)  it prevents the kidneys from excreting calcium 
B)  of the bioavailable calcium 
C)  of its stable hydroxyapatite crystal formation 
D)  its phytochemicals mimic the actions of estrogen in the body 
E)  calcium alginate is used to process the soy bean

Question 18

Aldosterone and renin each promote ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolyte balance 
B)  sodium retention 
C)  calcium excretion 
D)  vasoconstriction 
E)  potassium retention 
A)  electrolyte balance 
B)  sodium retention 
C)  calcium excretion 
D)  vasoconstriction 
E)  potassium retention

Question 19

Ions that carry a negative charge are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anions 
B)  cations 
C)  mineralytes 
D)  valence ions 
E)  prions 
A)  anions 
B)  cations 
C)  mineralytes 
D)  valence ions 
E)  prions

Question 20

The DASH diet plan may prevent hypertension and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration 
B)  ulcerative colitis 
C)  osteoporosis 
D)  constipation 
E)  diabetes 
A)  dehydration 
B)  ulcerative colitis 
C)  osteoporosis 
D)  constipation 
E)  diabetes

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

Calcium supplements should be taken ________.

Of the following, which person most likely at risk for potassium depletion?

Which two organs control the buffer system that regulate the body's acid-base balance?

Fluid within blood vessels is called ________ fluid.

What does phosphorus do in the body?

What percentage of the U.S. population exceeds the recommended intake for sodium?

More than half of the body's magnesium is in the ______.

Why is crucial to control potassium distribution for the body?

Among the following, which is a powerful vasoconstrictor?

Compare and contrast how the body maintains blood calcium from the diet and from the bones.

What does magnesium do in the body?

What is the UL for phosphorus?

How does sodium affect hypertension?

How is the concentration of electrolyte charges measured?

Which of the following is present in highest concentration in hard water?

What is the RDA of calcium (mg/day) for college-aged adults?

For women, soy consumption may lower the risk for osteoporosis because ________.

Aldosterone and renin each promote ________.

Ions that carry a negative charge are called ________.

The DASH diet plan may prevent hypertension and ________.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters