Question 1

What is the primary site of alcohol metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain 
B)  the stomach 
C)  the pancreas 
D)  the liver 
E)  the gallbladder 
A)  the brain 
B)  the stomach 
C)  the pancreas 
D)  the liver 
E)  the gallbladder

Question 2

What are the "powerhouses" of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNAs 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  RNAs 
D)  electron transport chains 
E)  mitochondria 
A)  DNAs 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  RNAs 
D)  electron transport chains 
E)  mitochondria

Question 3

What does the body do with the chemical energy of food that is not converted to the chemical energy of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  removes it through the kidneys 
B)  radiates it as heat 
C)  converts it to carbon dioxide that is then expelled through the lungs 
D)  converts it to electromagnetic radiation 
E)  stores it in the body's fat cells 
A)  removes it through the kidneys 
B)  radiates it as heat 
C)  converts it to carbon dioxide that is then expelled through the lungs 
D)  converts it to electromagnetic radiation 
E)  stores it in the body's fat cells

Question 4

Which of the following is a feature of ketosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  higher blood pH 
B)  acetone breath 
C)  increased appetite 
D)  increased glycolysis 
E)  synthesis of body protein 
A)  higher blood pH 
B)  acetone breath 
C)  increased appetite 
D)  increased glycolysis 
E)  synthesis of body protein

Question 5

Briefly describe these parts of a typical cell and their role in energy metabolism: nucleus, mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

The nucleus contains the chromosomes, wh

Question 6

Why is it easier for the body to convert dietary fat to stored fat than dietary carbohydrate to stored fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  The conversion of dietary fat to stored fat requires fewer steps. 
B)  The conversion of dietary fat to stored fat allows for use of more energy. 
C)  Fat enters the bloodstream more quickly. 
D)  Fat is easier to digest. 
E)  Fat takes less time to digest. 
A)  The conversion of dietary fat to stored fat requires fewer steps. 
B)  The conversion of dietary fat to stored fat allows for use of more energy. 
C)  Fat enters the bloodstream more quickly. 
D)  Fat is easier to digest. 
E)  Fat takes less time to digest.

Question 7

Which functions are most sensitive to alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  speech and vision 
B)  judgment and reasoning 
C)  voluntary muscle control 
D)  respiration and heart function 
E)  balance and coordination 
A)  speech and vision 
B)  judgment and reasoning 
C)  voluntary muscle control 
D)  respiration and heart function 
E)  balance and coordination

Question 8

The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  synthesis 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  activation 
E)  energy release 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  synthesis 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  activation 
E)  energy release

Question 9

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell releases energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
B)  ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
C)  ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
D)  ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
E)  ADP and ATP cycle back and forth repeatedly. 
A)  ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
B)  ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
C)  ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. 
D)  ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 
E)  ADP and ATP cycle back and forth repeatedly.

Question 10

The amount of pure ethanol in a typical "drink" is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 ounce 
B)  1 ounce 
C)  1.5 ounces 
D)  2 ounces 
E)  4 ounces 
A)  0.5 ounce 
B)  1 ounce 
C)  1.5 ounces 
D)  2 ounces 
E)  4 ounces

Question 11

During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides maximum amounts of the glucose needed to fuel the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  ketones 
C)  glycogen 
D)  triglycerides 
E)  vitamins and minerals. 
A)  protein 
B)  ketones 
C)  glycogen 
D)  triglycerides 
E)  vitamins and minerals.

Question 12

Which one of these statements is true of binge drinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is most common among 35-to-60-year-olds. 
B)  It is most common among 18-to-34-year-olds. 
C)  It is a pattern of drinking in which the blood alcohol level rises to no more than 0.08%. 
D)  In women, it corresponds to six or more drinks within several hours. 
E)  Is most common in adults over 65 years old. 
A)  It is most common among 35-to-60-year-olds. 
B)  It is most common among 18-to-34-year-olds. 
C)  It is a pattern of drinking in which the blood alcohol level rises to no more than 0.08%. 
D)  In women, it corresponds to six or more drinks within several hours. 
E)  Is most common in adults over 65 years old.

Question 13

What percentage of a person's ingested energy intake is required to store excess dietary fat as body fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  35 
E)  45 
A)  5 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  35 
E)  45

Question 14

Explain how chronic alcohol abuse can lead to malnutrition.

Accepted Answer

Heavy drinkers usually substitute alcoho

Question 15

From which B vitamin is CoA, or coenzyme A, derived, making it central to energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  folate 
B)  pantothenic acid 
C)  niacin 
D)  thiamin 
E)  vitamin B 12  
A)  folate 
B)  pantothenic acid 
C)  niacin 
D)  thiamin 
E)  vitamin B 12

Question 16

What is the final yield of acetyl CoA molecules from the oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  10 
D)  12 
E)  16 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  10 
D)  12 
E)  16

Question 17

In the Cori cycle, lactate is converted to glucose in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  muscles 
C)  bloodstream 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder 
A)  liver 
B)  muscles 
C)  bloodstream 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder

Question 18

During anabolism, what is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy is released. 
B)  Energy is required. 
C)  Compounds are broken down. 
D)  ADP is created. 
E)  ATP is broken down. 
A)  Energy is released. 
B)  Energy is required. 
C)  Compounds are broken down. 
D)  ADP is created. 
E)  ATP is broken down.

Question 19

In energy metabolism, glycerol can convert to -----.

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose or pyruvate. 
D)  fatty acids 
E)  triglycerides 
A)  vitamin A 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose or pyruvate. 
D)  fatty acids 
E)  triglycerides

Question 20

Which of the following is a feature of aerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not require oxygen. 
B)  Lactate is created. 
C)  Energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism. 
D)  Pyruvate is converted to glucose. 
E)  The energy created can be sustained for only a couple of minutes. 
A)  It does not require oxygen. 
B)  Lactate is created. 
C)  Energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism. 
D)  Pyruvate is converted to glucose. 
E)  The energy created can be sustained for only a couple of minutes.

Exam 7: Energy Metabolism

What is the primary site of alcohol metabolism?

What are the "powerhouses" of the cell?

What does the body do with the chemical energy of food that is not converted to the chemical energy of ATP?

Which of the following is a feature of ketosis?

Briefly describe these parts of a typical cell and their role in energy metabolism: nucleus, mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasm.

Why is it easier for the body to convert dietary fat to stored fat than dietary carbohydrate to stored fat?

Which functions are most sensitive to alcohol?

The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is known as ________.

Which metabolic reaction occurs when a cell releases energy?

The amount of pure ethanol in a typical "drink" is ____.

During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides maximum amounts of the glucose needed to fuel the body?

Which one of these statements is true of binge drinking?

What percentage of a person's ingested energy intake is required to store excess dietary fat as body fat?

Explain how chronic alcohol abuse can lead to malnutrition.

From which B vitamin is CoA, or coenzyme A, derived, making it central to energy metabolism?

What is the final yield of acetyl CoA molecules from the oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid?

In the Cori cycle, lactate is converted to glucose in the ____.

During anabolism, what is occurring?

In energy metabolism, glycerol can convert to -----.

Which of the following is a feature of aerobic metabolism?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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