Question 1

Sports drinks erode tooth enamel because they contain sugar and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are acidic 
B)  are alkaline 
C)  resist starch 
D)  offer insufficient fluoride 
E)  an organic base 
A)  are acidic 
B)  are alkaline 
C)  resist starch 
D)  offer insufficient fluoride 
E)  an organic base

Question 2

Simple carbohydrates composed of monosaccharides, disaccharides, or both are called "________."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Simple carbohydrates composed of monosaccharides, disaccharides, or...

Question 3

Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  carbon monoxide 
A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  carbon monoxide

Question 4

A chemical reaction wherein two molecules combine to form one larger product is called "_______."

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  absorption 
C)  disaccharide 
D)  condensation 
E)  polysaccharide 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  absorption 
C)  disaccharide 
D)  condensation 
E)  polysaccharide

Question 5

The action of carbohydrate (and fat) in providing energy that allows protein to be used for other purposes is called "________."

Accepted Answer

protein-sp

Question 6

Given the average minimum amount of glucose used by the brain, the Recommended Daily Allowance for carbohydrate is ________ g/day.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  45 
C)  130 
D)  250 
E)  400 
A)  10 
B)  45 
C)  130 
D)  250 
E)  400

Question 7

The glycemic effect of food depends on several things. Which is NOT one of them?

Accepted Answer

A)  how the food is ripened 
B)  the time of day the food is eaten 
C)  the combination of foods eaten 
D)  the presence of certain diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes) in the eater 
E)  how the food was grown 
A)  how the food is ripened 
B)  the time of day the food is eaten 
C)  the combination of foods eaten 
D)  the presence of certain diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes) in the eater 
E)  how the food was grown

Question 8

Which of the following is true of carbohydrate cravings and addictions?

Accepted Answer

A)  People seek carbohydrates to restore brain glucagon levels. 
B)  The addiction shares some psychological systems involved in rewards and self-control. 
C)  They are regarded as an important public health threat. 
D)  They predict other self-destructive behaviors. 
E)  They are addictive in the same way that drugs are. 
A)  People seek carbohydrates to restore brain glucagon levels. 
B)  The addiction shares some psychological systems involved in rewards and self-control. 
C)  They are regarded as an important public health threat. 
D)  They predict other self-destructive behaviors. 
E)  They are addictive in the same way that drugs are.

Question 9

Glycogen is found to only a limited extent in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  meats 
B)  plants 
C)  milk 
D)  fish 
E)  nuts 
A)  meats 
B)  plants 
C)  milk 
D)  fish 
E)  nuts

Question 10

Maltose, or malt sugar, is a disaccharide composed of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  two glucose units 
B)  one glucose and one fructose unit 
C)  one glucose and one galactose unit 
D)  one galactose and one fructose unit 
E)  two galactose units 
A)  two glucose units 
B)  one glucose and one fructose unit 
C)  one glucose and one galactose unit 
D)  one galactose and one fructose unit 
E)  two galactose units

Question 11

N ame the animal polysaccharide composed of glucose units.

Accepted Answer

A)  fiber 
B)  enzyme 
C)  dextrin 
D)  glycogen 
E)  probiotics 
A)  fiber 
B)  enzyme 
C)  dextrin 
D)  glycogen 
E)  probiotics

Question 12

The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugars to ________ kcalories per day for women and ________ kcalories per day for men.

Accepted Answer

A)  50, 100 
B)  75, 125 
C)  100, 150 
D)  150, 100 
E)  125, 50 
A)  50, 100 
B)  75, 125 
C)  100, 150 
D)  150, 100 
E)  125, 50

Question 13

Briefly describe lactose intolerance, including its symptoms and causes and any recommended dietary changes.

Accepted Answer

Normally, the intestinal cells produce e

Question 14

Which statement about nondigestible carbohydrates is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dietary fiber lingers in the small intestine. 
B)  They attract water, which softens stool for passage without straining. 
C)  Their small fat molecules contribute some energy. 
D)  They are fermented by bacteria in the GI tract. 
E)  Bacteria adds water, gas, and short-chain fatty acids. 
A)  Dietary fiber lingers in the small intestine. 
B)  They attract water, which softens stool for passage without straining. 
C)  Their small fat molecules contribute some energy. 
D)  They are fermented by bacteria in the GI tract. 
E)  Bacteria adds water, gas, and short-chain fatty acids.

Question 15

________ are acidic compounds produced by the liver during the breakdown of fat when carbohydrate is not available.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are acidic compounds produced by the...

Question 16

Which fruit has a high glycemic index?

Accepted Answer

A)  apples 
B)  watermelon 
C)  bananas 
D)  peaches 
E)  pineapple 
A)  apples 
B)  watermelon 
C)  bananas 
D)  peaches 
E)  pineapple

Question 17

Your brother would like to lose 20 lb. He is debating between a new low-carbohydrate diet or a more established low-fat diet. What advice would you give him?

Accepted Answer

For the most part, weight loss is simila

Question 18

Since the 1970s, total energy intakes increased by almost 300 kcal, all of which came from an increase in ________ kcalories.

Accepted Answer

A)  fat 
B)  protein 
C)  alcohol 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  lipoproteins 
A)  fat 
B)  protein 
C)  alcohol 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  lipoproteins

Question 19

Which statement accurately describes carbohydrate in milk and milk products?

Accepted Answer

A)  A cup of chocolate milk provides about 6 g of carbohydrate. 
B)  Most cheeses contain little, if any, carbohydrate. 
C)  Cottage cheese provides about 12 g of carbohydrate per cup. 
D)  A cup of fruit-filled yogurt yields about 3 g of carbohydrate. 
E)  A cup of nonfat milk yields almost 25 g of carbohydrate. 
A)  A cup of chocolate milk provides about 6 g of carbohydrate. 
B)  Most cheeses contain little, if any, carbohydrate. 
C)  Cottage cheese provides about 12 g of carbohydrate per cup. 
D)  A cup of fruit-filled yogurt yields about 3 g of carbohydrate. 
E)  A cup of nonfat milk yields almost 25 g of carbohydrate.

Question 20

Products that claim to be "reduced calorie" must have a minimum of ________ fewer calories than the comparison item.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  15% 
C)  25% 
D)  35% 
E)  50% 
A)  10% 
B)  15% 
C)  25% 
D)  35% 
E)  50%

Exam 4: The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

Sports drinks erode tooth enamel because they contain sugar and ________.

Simple carbohydrates composed of monosaccharides, disaccharides, or both are called "________."

Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation?

A chemical reaction wherein two molecules combine to form one larger product is called "_______."

The action of carbohydrate (and fat) in providing energy that allows protein to be used for other purposes is called "________."

Given the average minimum amount of glucose used by the brain, the Recommended Daily Allowance for carbohydrate is ________ g/day.

The glycemic effect of food depends on several things. Which is NOT one of them?

Which of the following is true of carbohydrate cravings and addictions?

Glycogen is found to only a limited extent in ________.

Maltose, or malt sugar, is a disaccharide composed of ________.

N ame the animal polysaccharide composed of glucose units.

The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugars to ________ kcalories per day for women and ________ kcalories per day for men.

Briefly describe lactose intolerance, including its symptoms and causes and any recommended dietary changes.

Which statement about nondigestible carbohydrates is FALSE?

________ are acidic compounds produced by the liver during the breakdown of fat when carbohydrate is not available.

Which fruit has a high glycemic index?

Your brother would like to lose 20 lb. He is debating between a new low-carbohydrate diet or a more established low-fat diet. What advice would you give him?

Since the 1970s, total energy intakes increased by almost 300 kcal, all of which came from an increase in ________ kcalories.

Which statement accurately describes carbohydrate in milk and milk products?

Products that claim to be "reduced calorie" must have a minimum of ________ fewer calories than the comparison item.

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugars to kcalories per day for women and kcalories per day for men.