Question 1

Which of the following has a pyknotic nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) pronormoblast 
B) basophilic normoblast 
C) polychromatophilic normoblast 
D) orthochromic normoblast 
A) pronormoblast 
B) basophilic normoblast 
C) polychromatophilic normoblast 
D) orthochromic normoblast D

Question 2

Programmed cell death is called

Accepted Answer

A) necrosis. 
B) apoptosis. 
C) hemolysis. 
D) phagocytosis. 
A) necrosis. 
B) apoptosis. 
C) hemolysis. 
D) phagocytosis. B

Question 3

When compared with mature erythrocytes,reticulocytes

Accepted Answer

A) are larger and bluer on Wright stain from remnant ribonucleic acid (RN
A) . 
B) are larger and have more vacuoles on Wright stain from remnant deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A) . 
C) stain pinker with new methylene blue. 
D) still have a nucleus. 
A) are larger and bluer on Wright stain from remnant ribonucleic acid (RN
A) . 
B) are larger and have more vacuoles on Wright stain from remnant deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A) . 
C) stain pinker with new methylene blue. 
D) still have a nucleus. A

Question 4

What mechanism is responsible for the destruction of the majority of normal senescent erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) intravascular hemolysis 
B) rupture by complement 
C) phagocytosis by peripheral neutrophils 
D) phagocytosis by splenic macrophages 
A) intravascular hemolysis 
B) rupture by complement 
C) phagocytosis by peripheral neutrophils 
D) phagocytosis by splenic macrophages

Question 5

Where is erythropoietin synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A) bone marrow 
B) kidney 
C) lymph nodes 
D) spleen 
A) bone marrow 
B) kidney 
C) lymph nodes 
D) spleen

Question 6

Erythropoietin increases the number of red cells by all of the following mechanisms except

Accepted Answer

A) prolonging cell life span. 
B) shortening cell division times. 
C) allowing earlier cell egress from the bone marrow. 
D) increasing the rate of hemoglobin synthesis. 
A) prolonging cell life span. 
B) shortening cell division times. 
C) allowing earlier cell egress from the bone marrow. 
D) increasing the rate of hemoglobin synthesis.

Question 7

Depletion of serum haptoglobin indicates

Accepted Answer

A) decreased erythropoiesis. 
B) extravascular hemolysis. 
C) intravascular hemolysis. 
D) increased phagocytosis of macrophages. 
A) decreased erythropoiesis. 
B) extravascular hemolysis. 
C) intravascular hemolysis. 
D) increased phagocytosis of macrophages.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly describes a normal mature erythrocyte?

Accepted Answer

A) a 7- to 8-mm biconcave disc that lives 120 days 
B) a 7- to 8-mm spheroid that lives 120 days 
C) a 12- to 15-mm spheroid that lives 80 days 
D) a 12- to 15-mm biconcave disc that lives 80 days 
A) a 7- to 8-mm biconcave disc that lives 120 days 
B) a 7- to 8-mm spheroid that lives 120 days 
C) a 12- to 15-mm spheroid that lives 80 days 
D) a 12- to 15-mm biconcave disc that lives 80 days

Question 9

The breakdown products of heme go through several biochemical degradations to form

Accepted Answer

A) bilirubin. 
B) protoporphyrin. 
C) amino acids. 
D) haptoglobin. 
A) bilirubin. 
B) protoporphyrin. 
C) amino acids. 
D) haptoglobin.

Question 10

What stimulates production of erythropoietin?

Accepted Answer

A) decreased red cell number in the bone marrow 
B) increased peripheral red cell number 
C) decreased iron stores 
D) decreased oxygen level in tissue 
A) decreased red cell number in the bone marrow 
B) increased peripheral red cell number 
C) decreased iron stores 
D) decreased oxygen level in tissue

Question 11

Abnormal concentrations of cations inside erythrocytes cause

Accepted Answer

A) spherocytosis. 
B) senescence. 
C) prolongation of survival. 
D) sickling. 
A) spherocytosis. 
B) senescence. 
C) prolongation of survival. 
D) sickling.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of red cell precursors as they mature?

Accepted Answer

A) The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio increases. 
B) The cells become larger. 
C) The cytoplasm becomes less basophilic. 
D) The nucleoli become more prominent. 
A) The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio increases. 
B) The cells become larger. 
C) The cytoplasm becomes less basophilic. 
D) The nucleoli become more prominent.

Question 13

Why do men typically have higher erythrocyte counts than women?

Accepted Answer

A) They weigh more and have more blood vessels. 
B) They do not lose as much blood each month. 
C) Testosterone stimulates erythropoiesis. 
D) They have more oxygen in their blood. 
A) They weigh more and have more blood vessels. 
B) They do not lose as much blood each month. 
C) Testosterone stimulates erythropoiesis. 
D) They have more oxygen in their blood.

Question 14

What is the main site for iron storage in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

A) stem cells 
B) transferrin molecules 
C) endothelial cells 
D) macrophages 
A) stem cells 
B) transferrin molecules 
C) endothelial cells 
D) macrophages

Exam 8: Erythrocyte Production and Destruction

Which of the following has a pyknotic nucleus?

Programmed cell death is called

When compared with mature erythrocytes,reticulocytes

What mechanism is responsible for the destruction of the majority of normal senescent erythrocytes?

Where is erythropoietin synthesized?

Erythropoietin increases the number of red cells by all of the following mechanisms except

Depletion of serum haptoglobin indicates

Which of the following correctly describes a normal mature erythrocyte?

The breakdown products of heme go through several biochemical degradations to form

What stimulates production of erythropoietin?

Abnormal concentrations of cations inside erythrocytes cause

Which of the following is true of red cell precursors as they mature?

Why do men typically have higher erythrocyte counts than women?

What is the main site for iron storage in the bone marrow?

An Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology

Safety in the Hematology Laboratory

Blood Specimen Collection

Care and Use of the Microscope

Quality Assurance in Hematology and Hemostasis Testing

Cellular Structure and Function

Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Metabolism and Membrane Structure and Function

Hemoglobin Metabolism

Iron Kinetics and Laboratory Assessment

Leukocyte Development, Kinetics, and Functions

Platelet Production, Structure, and Function

Manual, Semiautomated and Point-of-Care Testing in Hematology

Automated Blood Cell Analysis

Examination of the Peripheral Blood Film and Correlation with the Complete Blood Count

Bone Marrow Examination

Body Fluid Analysis in the Hematology Laboratory

Anemias: Red Blood Cell Morphology and Approach to Diagnosis

Disorders of Iron Kinetics and Heme Metabolism

Anemias Caused by Defects of DNA Metabolism

Bone Marrow Failure

Introduction to Increased Destruction of Erythrocytes

Intrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Nonimmune Causes

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Immune Causes

Hemoglobinopathies (Structural Defects in Hemoglobin)

Thalassemias

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

Cytogenetics

Molecular Diagnostics in Hematopathology

Flow Cytometric Analysis in Hematologic Disorders

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Leukemias

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Normal Hemostasis and Coagulation

Hemorrhagic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombotic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis

Qualitative Disorders of Platelets and Vasculature

Laboratory Evaluation of Hemostasis

Antithrombotic Therapies and their Laboratory Assessment

Hemostasis and Coagulation Instrumentation

Pediatric and Geriatric Hematology and Hemostasis

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