Question 1

Before molecular methods are performed,the DNA must be

Accepted Answer

A) primed. 
B) flanked. 
C) elongated. 
D) amplified. 
A) primed. 
B) flanked. 
C) elongated. 
D) amplified. D

Question 2

Molecular testing is useful for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) evaluating clinical severity of anemia. 
B) finding chromosomal translocations in malignancies. 
C) detecting inherited disorders. 
D) identifying blood pathogens. 
A) evaluating clinical severity of anemia. 
B) finding chromosomal translocations in malignancies. 
C) detecting inherited disorders. 
D) identifying blood pathogens. A

Question 3

Where is messenger RNA formed?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi organelle 
C) ribosomes 
D) nucleus 
A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi organelle 
C) ribosomes 
D) nucleus D

Question 4

DNA has been isolated from appropriate cells and placed in an aqueous buffer.If molecular testing cannot be immediately performed,what should be done?

Accepted Answer

A) Reprecipitate the DNA using isopropanol alcohol and then store at 4° C. 
B) Reprecipitate the DNA using isopropanol alcohol and then store at -80° C. 
C) Store prepared DNA at 4° C. 
D) Store prepared DNA at -80° C. 
A) Reprecipitate the DNA using isopropanol alcohol and then store at 4° C. 
B) Reprecipitate the DNA using isopropanol alcohol and then store at -80° C. 
C) Store prepared DNA at 4° C. 
D) Store prepared DNA at -80° C.

Question 5

Why is the helical configuration of DNA important?

Accepted Answer

A) permits purines and pyrimidines to bond 
B) permits transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase 
C) stabilizes the molecular structure 
D) prevents occurrence of protein structural abnormalities (e.g., point mutations, translocations) 
A) permits purines and pyrimidines to bond 
B) permits transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase 
C) stabilizes the molecular structure 
D) prevents occurrence of protein structural abnormalities (e.g., point mutations, translocations)

Question 6

Why is a "no-DNA" control used when performing molecular tests using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Accepted Answer

A) to ensure that the targeted DNA is amplified 
B) to ensure that nontargeted DNA is negative 
C) to ensure that the targeted DNA containing the mutation is positive 
D) to ensure that no DNA cross-contamination of the samples, controls, or reagents occurs 
A) to ensure that the targeted DNA is amplified 
B) to ensure that nontargeted DNA is negative 
C) to ensure that the targeted DNA containing the mutation is positive 
D) to ensure that no DNA cross-contamination of the samples, controls, or reagents occurs

Question 7

How does ribonucleic acid (RNA)differ from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA does not contain nucleotides. 
B) RNA has uracil-replacing thymine. 
C) DNA is found primarily in the cytoplasm, and RNA is in the nucleus. 
D) DNA has a messenger, whereas RNA does not. 
A) RNA does not contain nucleotides. 
B) RNA has uracil-replacing thymine. 
C) DNA is found primarily in the cytoplasm, and RNA is in the nucleus. 
D) DNA has a messenger, whereas RNA does not.

Question 8

What is the preferred specimen for molecular techniques for diagnosis of inherited mutations?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA extracted from peripheral mature red cells 
B) RNA extracted from fresh serum 
C) DNA extracted from peripheral blood white cells 
D) DNA extracted from peripheral blood mature red cells 
A) RNA extracted from peripheral mature red cells 
B) RNA extracted from fresh serum 
C) DNA extracted from peripheral blood white cells 
D) DNA extracted from peripheral blood mature red cells

Question 9

Which of the following is the gold standard method for the detection of point mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Sanger DNA sequencing 
B) next-generation sequencing (NGS) 
C) pyrosequencing 
D) real-time PCR 
A) Sanger DNA sequencing 
B) next-generation sequencing (NGS) 
C) pyrosequencing 
D) real-time PCR

Question 10

Gel electrophoresis,restriction endonucleases,and hybridization techniques are methods to

Accepted Answer

A) detect DNA amplification. 
B) detect DNA extraction. 
C) measure concentration of DNA. 
D) identify BCR gene in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 
A) detect DNA amplification. 
B) detect DNA extraction. 
C) measure concentration of DNA. 
D) identify BCR gene in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Question 11

Areas of hematopathologic molecular testing include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) detection of mutation. 
B) gene rearrangement. 
C) chromosomal abnormalities. 
D) gene splicing. 
A) detection of mutation. 
B) gene rearrangement. 
C) chromosomal abnormalities. 
D) gene splicing.

Question 12

What is the cell type and tissue of choice for molecular techniques used to detect acquired DNA mutations leading to malignancy?

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral blood mature lymphocytes 
B) bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells 
C) the malignant tissue 
D) peripheral blood mature neutrophils 
A) peripheral blood mature lymphocytes 
B) bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells 
C) the malignant tissue 
D) peripheral blood mature neutrophils

Exam 31: Molecular Diagnostics in Hematopathology

Before molecular methods are performed,the DNA must be

Molecular testing is useful for all of the following except

Where is messenger RNA formed?

DNA has been isolated from appropriate cells and placed in an aqueous buffer.If molecular testing cannot be immediately performed,what should be done?

Why is the helical configuration of DNA important?

Why is a "no-DNA" control used when performing molecular tests using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

How does ribonucleic acid (RNA)differ from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

What is the preferred specimen for molecular techniques for diagnosis of inherited mutations?

Which of the following is the gold standard method for the detection of point mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms?

Gel electrophoresis,restriction endonucleases,and hybridization techniques are methods to

Areas of hematopathologic molecular testing include all of the following except

What is the cell type and tissue of choice for molecular techniques used to detect acquired DNA mutations leading to malignancy?

An Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology

Safety in the Hematology Laboratory

Blood Specimen Collection

Care and Use of the Microscope

Quality Assurance in Hematology and Hemostasis Testing

Cellular Structure and Function

Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Production and Destruction

Erythrocyte Metabolism and Membrane Structure and Function

Hemoglobin Metabolism

Iron Kinetics and Laboratory Assessment

Leukocyte Development, Kinetics, and Functions

Platelet Production, Structure, and Function

Manual, Semiautomated and Point-of-Care Testing in Hematology

Automated Blood Cell Analysis

Examination of the Peripheral Blood Film and Correlation with the Complete Blood Count

Bone Marrow Examination

Body Fluid Analysis in the Hematology Laboratory

Anemias: Red Blood Cell Morphology and Approach to Diagnosis

Disorders of Iron Kinetics and Heme Metabolism

Anemias Caused by Defects of DNA Metabolism

Bone Marrow Failure

Introduction to Increased Destruction of Erythrocytes

Intrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Nonimmune Causes

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Immune Causes

Hemoglobinopathies (Structural Defects in Hemoglobin)

Thalassemias

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

Cytogenetics

Flow Cytometric Analysis in Hematologic Disorders

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Leukemias

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Normal Hemostasis and Coagulation

Hemorrhagic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombotic Disorders and Laboratory Assessment

Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis

Qualitative Disorders of Platelets and Vasculature

Laboratory Evaluation of Hemostasis

Antithrombotic Therapies and their Laboratory Assessment

Hemostasis and Coagulation Instrumentation

Pediatric and Geriatric Hematology and Hemostasis

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