Question 1

An important feature of many wounds that may lead to more serious problems is that they are

Accepted Answer

A)  well aerated. 
B)  relatively anaerobic. 
C)  nutrient rich. 
D)  sterile. 
E)  nutrient rich AND sterile. 
A)  well aerated. 
B)  relatively anaerobic. 
C)  nutrient rich. 
D)  sterile. 
E)  nutrient rich AND sterile.

Question 2

The popular name for tetanus is

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophobia. 
B)  lockjaw. 
C)  whooping cough. 
D)  consumption. 
E)  spasticity. 
A)  hydrophobia. 
B)  lockjaw. 
C)  whooping cough. 
D)  consumption. 
E)  spasticity.

Question 3

The exotoxin produced by C. tetani is

Accepted Answer

A)  tetanoxin. 
B)  exotetanus. 
C)  endospasmin. 
D)  paraloxin. 
E)  tetanospasmin. 
A)  tetanoxin. 
B)  exotetanus. 
C)  endospasmin. 
D)  paraloxin. 
E)  tetanospasmin.

Question 4

You are looking after your sister's cat Singa. While playing one evening, Singa accidentally bites you instead of the toy mouse you are holding. The bite wound is very small but is in the fleshy part of your hand. You wash the wound, which is not bleeding much, and put a band aid on it. The next day, your whole hand is red, swollen, and painful, and some lymph nodes in your arm are enlarged and tender. You call your sister, who is an RN. She urges you to go to the doctor, telling you that animal bites can sometimes be infected, and that if that is the case, you will need treatment before the infection gets any worse.
-You are given a prescription for both a penicillin derivative AND a β-lactamase inhibitor. Why are you given these medications?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae produce β-lactamases. They are thus treated with β-lactamase-inhibiting medications. In addition, skin microbiota such as S. epidermidis respond to penicillins. 
B)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae respond to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus. 
C)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae are encapsulated, so respond well to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
D)  The causative organisms of cat bite infections and bartonellosis are not well characterized. For this reason, penicillin derivatives and inhibitors of these medications are given synergistically. 
E)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae respond to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Streptobacillus moniliformis. 
A)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae produce β-lactamases. They are thus treated with β-lactamase-inhibiting medications. In addition, skin microbiota such as S. epidermidis respond to penicillins. 
B)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae respond to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus. 
C)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae are encapsulated, so respond well to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
D)  The causative organisms of cat bite infections and bartonellosis are not well characterized. For this reason, penicillin derivatives and inhibitors of these medications are given synergistically. 
E)  Both P. multicoda and B. henselae respond to penicillin derivatives. In addition, some bite wounds are infected with strains of β-lactamase-producing Streptobacillus moniliformis.

Question 5

Tetanus antitoxin can cross the placenta.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why might Candida albicans become pathogenic in a person receiving antibacterial medications?

Accepted Answer

A)  This fungal organism can actually use the destroyed bacterial cells as a nutrient source and begin to multiply out of control. This can cause a pathogenic state. 
B)  This is an opportunistic pathogen not normally found in normal microbiota. As such, when the bacterial normal microbiota is eliminated by broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, this opportunist can adhere to and colonize the area left behind. 
C)  This is a usual member of the normal microbiota. However, when the bacterial members of the normal microbiota are killed by a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, this fungal cell type has little to no competition for resources and it quickly overgrows, causing disease. 
D)  This is a protozoan species and part of the normal microbiota. When the bacterial members of the normal microbiota are wiped out by a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, this protozoan cell type has little to no competition for resources and can overgrow, causing disease. 
E)  The person's immune system is severely suppressed when they are on antibiotics. This means that the Candida is able to colonize areas normally protected by phagocytes, and can thrive there, causing disease. 
A)  This fungal organism can actually use the destroyed bacterial cells as a nutrient source and begin to multiply out of control. This can cause a pathogenic state. 
B)  This is an opportunistic pathogen not normally found in normal microbiota. As such, when the bacterial normal microbiota is eliminated by broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, this opportunist can adhere to and colonize the area left behind. 
C)  This is a usual member of the normal microbiota. However, when the bacterial members of the normal microbiota are killed by a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, this fungal cell type has little to no competition for resources and it quickly overgrows, causing disease. 
D)  This is a protozoan species and part of the normal microbiota. When the bacterial members of the normal microbiota are wiped out by a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, this protozoan cell type has little to no competition for resources and can overgrow, causing disease. 
E)  The person's immune system is severely suppressed when they are on antibiotics. This means that the Candida is able to colonize areas normally protected by phagocytes, and can thrive there, causing disease.

Question 7

Bite wounds are often serious as they may lead to an infection in which two or more species of pathogens act together to produce an effect greater than the sum of effects if each pathogen were acting alone. This is referred to as a(n) ________ infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualistic 
B)  parasitic 
C)  fasciltatory 
D)  complicated 
E)  synergistic 
A)  mutualistic 
B)  parasitic 
C)  fasciltatory 
D)  complicated 
E)  synergistic

Question 8

S. pyogenes associated with invasive disease characteristically have

Accepted Answer

A)  leukocidins AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. 
B)  coagulase AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B. 
C)  coagulase AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. 
D)  leukocidins AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B. 
E)  streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B. 
A)  leukocidins AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. 
B)  coagulase AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B. 
C)  coagulase AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. 
D)  leukocidins AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B. 
E)  streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A AND streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B.

Question 9

Effective treatment of gas gangrene primarily involves

Accepted Answer

A)  use of an antitoxin. 
B)  use of myonecrosis immune globulins. 
C)  surgical removal of dead and infected tissues. 
D)  vaccination with inactivated toxin. 
E)  use of synergistic antibiotics. 
A)  use of an antitoxin. 
B)  use of myonecrosis immune globulins. 
C)  surgical removal of dead and infected tissues. 
D)  vaccination with inactivated toxin. 
E)  use of synergistic antibiotics.

Question 10

Rowley Pharmaceutical company produces a drug that promotes new blood vessel growth. Is there any application for this drug in wound treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It could be very beneficial. One of the biggest problems with wound infections is that they are anaerobic, because the blood supply to the area is usually compromised. Certain pathogenic microbes then thrive in this environment, creating very serious wound infections. 
B)  It would not be beneficial. Part of the reason abscesses lack blood flow is to keep bacteria from spreading to other areas of the body. Increasing blood flow to the area will provide a way for these bacteria to infect other organ systems. 
C)  It could be dangerous. Wounds need to cut off blood supply to prevent the patient from bleeding to death. Increasing blood vessel development in the wound site might cause the patient to bleed out. 
D)  There would be no beneficial effect. The immune response is already in place in the wound site, so increasing blood cell delivery to the area wouldn't increase or decrease the rate of wound healing. 
E)  It would be dangerous. New blood vessels would reduce the anaerobic nature of the wound but it would also always result in massive edema which may lead to permanent loss of function. 
A)  It could be very beneficial. One of the biggest problems with wound infections is that they are anaerobic, because the blood supply to the area is usually compromised. Certain pathogenic microbes then thrive in this environment, creating very serious wound infections. 
B)  It would not be beneficial. Part of the reason abscesses lack blood flow is to keep bacteria from spreading to other areas of the body. Increasing blood flow to the area will provide a way for these bacteria to infect other organ systems. 
C)  It could be dangerous. Wounds need to cut off blood supply to prevent the patient from bleeding to death. Increasing blood vessel development in the wound site might cause the patient to bleed out. 
D)  There would be no beneficial effect. The immune response is already in place in the wound site, so increasing blood cell delivery to the area wouldn't increase or decrease the rate of wound healing. 
E)  It would be dangerous. New blood vessels would reduce the anaerobic nature of the wound but it would also always result in massive edema which may lead to permanent loss of function.

An important feature of many wounds that may lead to more serious problems is that they are

The popular name for tetanus is

The exotoxin produced by C. tetani is

Tetanus antitoxin can cross the placenta.

Why might Candida albicans become pathogenic in a person receiving antibacterial medications?

Bite wounds are often serious as they may lead to an infection in which two or more species of pathogens act together to produce an effect greater than the sum of effects if each pathogen were acting alone. This is referred to as a(n) ________ infection.

S. pyogenes associated with invasive disease characteristically have

Effective treatment of gas gangrene primarily involves

Rowley Pharmaceutical company produces a drug that promotes new blood vessel growth. Is there any application for this drug in wound treatment?

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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Exam 23: Wound Infections

An important feature of many wounds that may lead to more serious problems is that they are

The popular name for tetanus is

The exotoxin produced by C. tetani is

Tetanus antitoxin can cross the placenta.

Why might Candida albicans become pathogenic in a person receiving antibacterial medications?

Bite wounds are often serious as they may lead to an infection in which two or more species of pathogens act together to produce an effect greater than the sum of effects if each pathogen were acting alone. This is referred to as a(n) ________ infection.

S. pyogenes associated with invasive disease characteristically have

Effective treatment of gas gangrene primarily involves

Rowley Pharmaceutical company produces a drug that promotes new blood vessel growth. Is there any application for this drug in wound treatment?

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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