Question 1

The existence of extensive scalded skin syndrome does not indicate that Staphylococcus is growing in all the affected areas. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A)  This condition is caused by an exotoxin produced by certain strains of this microbe, and NOT directly by the microbe itself. 
B)  This condition is caused by an endotoxin produced by certain strains of this microbe, and NOT directly by the microbe itself. 
C)  This condition isn't caused by Staphylococcus at all. 
D)  This microbe grows in the blood; endotoxins it releases are transported to the skin, where it causes the observed effect. 
E)  Scalded skin occurs when a person eats exfoliatin-contaminated food, not by an infection. 
A)  This condition is caused by an exotoxin produced by certain strains of this microbe, and NOT directly by the microbe itself. 
B)  This condition is caused by an endotoxin produced by certain strains of this microbe, and NOT directly by the microbe itself. 
C)  This condition isn't caused by Staphylococcus at all. 
D)  This microbe grows in the blood; endotoxins it releases are transported to the skin, where it causes the observed effect. 
E)  Scalded skin occurs when a person eats exfoliatin-contaminated food, not by an infection.

Question 2

Rickettsia rickettsii is an obligate intracellular pathogen. This means that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is a virus. 
B)  it needs oxygen for growth. 
C)  it cannot grow in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  it is non-motile. 
E)  it can only grow within host cells. 
A)  it is a virus. 
B)  it needs oxygen for growth. 
C)  it cannot grow in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  it is non-motile. 
E)  it can only grow within host cells.

Question 3

If an individual in the infectious stage of chickenpox comes into contact with a person who had chickenpox as a child, that second person

Accepted Answer

A)  will be unaffected by the contact. 
B)  will develop a second case of chickenpox. 
C)  will develop shingles. 
D)  will develop a second case of chickenpox OR will develop shingles. 
E)  will remain healthy if they receive zoster immune globulin. 
A)  will be unaffected by the contact. 
B)  will develop a second case of chickenpox. 
C)  will develop shingles. 
D)  will develop a second case of chickenpox OR will develop shingles. 
E)  will remain healthy if they receive zoster immune globulin.

Question 4

The most serious consequence of rubella is

Accepted Answer

A)  encephalitis. 
B)  birth defects. 
C)  meningitis. 
D)  deafness. 
E)  subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. 
A)  encephalitis. 
B)  birth defects. 
C)  meningitis. 
D)  deafness. 
E)  subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Question 5

A frequent complication of scalded skin syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A)  a bacterial secondary infection. 
B)  secondary viral infections. 
C)  dehydration. 
D)  dehydration and a secondary bacterial infection. 
E)  toxemia. 
A)  a bacterial secondary infection. 
B)  secondary viral infections. 
C)  dehydration. 
D)  dehydration and a secondary bacterial infection. 
E)  toxemia.

Question 6

Why is the immunization for rubella important for both boys and girls?

Accepted Answer

A)  As this is a sexually-transmitted disease, vaccinating girls AND boys early in their lives prevents the spread of the disease in adulthood. 
B)  We want to achieve herd immunity, and there's no reason why only girls would be infected by this virus. By vaccinating the entire population, we achieve a higher degree of herd immunity than is possible by vaccinating only girls. 
C)  Only boys get this disease, and one of the common complications of it is sterility, so they should be vaccinated against this virus. 
D)  While this disease is quite very symptomatic in girls, it is completely asymptomatic in boys. Boys can be carriers and transmit it easily to girls without realizing it. This can lead to large-scale and dangerous outbreaks in the female population. 
E)  Although boys get this disease, it doesn't cause any health problems for them, so they do not need vaccination. If girls get the disease, it almost always leads to encephalitis, so they should be protected by vaccination. 
A)  As this is a sexually-transmitted disease, vaccinating girls AND boys early in their lives prevents the spread of the disease in adulthood. 
B)  We want to achieve herd immunity, and there's no reason why only girls would be infected by this virus. By vaccinating the entire population, we achieve a higher degree of herd immunity than is possible by vaccinating only girls. 
C)  Only boys get this disease, and one of the common complications of it is sterility, so they should be vaccinated against this virus. 
D)  While this disease is quite very symptomatic in girls, it is completely asymptomatic in boys. Boys can be carriers and transmit it easily to girls without realizing it. This can lead to large-scale and dangerous outbreaks in the female population. 
E)  Although boys get this disease, it doesn't cause any health problems for them, so they do not need vaccination. If girls get the disease, it almost always leads to encephalitis, so they should be protected by vaccination.

Question 7

What is the epidemiological significance of shingles?

Accepted Answer

A)  It shows that, as a latent viral infection, there is always a possible reservoir available to reinfect new susceptible individuals. 
B)  It shows that we must always be vigilant against this deadly and highly infectious secondary infection in elderly and immunocompromised individuals. 
C)  It shows that, as a chronic viral infection, individuals infected are always infectious to others around them, even when they do not show outward symptoms. 
D)  It shows that our fight for long-term eradication of varicella zoster virus will be a long one, depending on immunizing all newly born individuals until all the people who had ever had contracted the illness have died. 
E)  It shows that, as a latent viral infection, there is always a possible reservoir available to reinfect new susceptible individuals AND it shows that our fight for long-term eradication of varicella zoster virus will be a long one, depending on immunizing all newly born individuals until all the people who had ever contracted the illness have died. 
A)  It shows that, as a latent viral infection, there is always a possible reservoir available to reinfect new susceptible individuals. 
B)  It shows that we must always be vigilant against this deadly and highly infectious secondary infection in elderly and immunocompromised individuals. 
C)  It shows that, as a chronic viral infection, individuals infected are always infectious to others around them, even when they do not show outward symptoms. 
D)  It shows that our fight for long-term eradication of varicella zoster virus will be a long one, depending on immunizing all newly born individuals until all the people who had ever had contracted the illness have died. 
E)  It shows that, as a latent viral infection, there is always a possible reservoir available to reinfect new susceptible individuals AND it shows that our fight for long-term eradication of varicella zoster virus will be a long one, depending on immunizing all newly born individuals until all the people who had ever contracted the illness have died.

Question 8

What is eschar (a sign of cutaneous anthrax)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small, red, fluid-filled vesicle 
B)  An ulcer surrounded by swelling 
C)  A large black scar 
D)  Dead tissue resembling a flat scab 
E)  Swelling with trapped gas 
A)  A small, red, fluid-filled vesicle 
B)  An ulcer surrounded by swelling 
C)  A large black scar 
D)  Dead tissue resembling a flat scab 
E)  Swelling with trapped gas

Question 9

Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Micrococcus luteus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
D)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
E)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
A)  Micrococcus luteus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
D)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
E)  Staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 10

A protein associated with a more virulent form of Staphylococcus is

Accepted Answer

A)  leukocidin. 
B)  coagulase. 
C)  mannose. 
D)  streptokinase. 
E)  catalase. 
A)  leukocidin. 
B)  coagulase. 
C)  mannose. 
D)  streptokinase. 
E)  catalase.

Question 11

Which of the following is an important function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hold muscle to bone 
B)  Manufacture blood cells 
C)  Produce antibodies 
D)  Control body temperature 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  Hold muscle to bone 
B)  Manufacture blood cells 
C)  Produce antibodies 
D)  Control body temperature 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 12

A young mother brings her three-month old baby into the doctor's office where you work as an RN. The baby is miserable and the mother reports that he has developed a fever, which is why she has brought him to the doctor. She tells you that the child is particularly upset when she changes his diaper and that he seems to have diaper rash, which she attributes to the fact that her son's diaper isn't always changed promptly enough at the day-care facility he goes to daily. In fact, she has recently switched him to another facility. You remove the child's diaper and immediately see that he has a very red rash on his buttocks and genital area. There is also red, scaly skin in the area where his diaper touches his thighs. You suspect that this may be more than just a typical case of diaper rash.
-Diaper rash (dermititis) can be caused by a number of factors. A common microbial cause is the fungus ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Malassezia furfur 
B)  Candida albicans 
C)  Microsporum gypseum 
D)  Cutibacterium acnes 
E)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
A)  Malassezia furfur 
B)  Candida albicans 
C)  Microsporum gypseum 
D)  Cutibacterium acnes 
E)  Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 13

Which of the following normal skin microbiota is a small yeast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococci 
B)  Malassezia species 
C)  Diphtheroids 
D)  Candida species 
E)  Cutibacterium species 
A)  Staphylococci 
B)  Malassezia species 
C)  Diphtheroids 
D)  Candida species 
E)  Cutibacterium species

Question 14

The skin-invading molds are collectively called dermatophytes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Skin Infections

The existence of extensive scalded skin syndrome does not indicate that Staphylococcus is growing in all the affected areas. Why not?

Rickettsia rickettsii is an obligate intracellular pathogen. This means that

If an individual in the infectious stage of chickenpox comes into contact with a person who had chickenpox as a child, that second person

The most serious consequence of rubella is

A frequent complication of scalded skin syndrome is

Why is the immunization for rubella important for both boys and girls?

What is the epidemiological significance of shingles?

What is eschar (a sign of cutaneous anthrax)?

Which of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?

A protein associated with a more virulent form of Staphylococcus is

Which of the following is an important function of the skin?

Which of the following normal skin microbiota is a small yeast?

The skin-invading molds are collectively called dermatophytes.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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