Question 1

S. aureus clumping factor

Accepted Answer

A)  causes fibrinogen to clump together. 
B)  causes bacteria to clump together in plasma. 
C)  reacts with prothrombin. 
D)  produces staphylothrombin. 
E)  causes phagocytes to clump bacteria. 
A)  causes fibrinogen to clump together. 
B)  causes bacteria to clump together in plasma. 
C)  reacts with prothrombin. 
D)  produces staphylothrombin. 
E)  causes phagocytes to clump bacteria.

Question 2

Why is Rickettsia rickettsii difficult to grow in culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a double-stranded DNA virus. 
B)  It is an obligate intracellular parasite. 
C)  It is resistant to multiple antibiotics. 
D)  It is an obligate anaerobe. 
E)  It is Gram-negative. 
A)  It is a double-stranded DNA virus. 
B)  It is an obligate intracellular parasite. 
C)  It is resistant to multiple antibiotics. 
D)  It is an obligate anaerobe. 
E)  It is Gram-negative.

Question 3

Which of the following is considered a function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulation of body temperature 
B)  Prevention of fluid loss 
C)  Synthesis of vitamin D 
D)  Production of cytokines 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  Regulation of body temperature 
B)  Prevention of fluid loss 
C)  Synthesis of vitamin D 
D)  Production of cytokines 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 4

The varicella-zoster virus is a member of which virus family?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paramyxoviridae 
B)  Herpesviridae 
C)  Togaviridae 
D)  Papillomaviridae 
E)  Retroviridae 
A)  Paramyxoviridae 
B)  Herpesviridae 
C)  Togaviridae 
D)  Papillomaviridae 
E)  Retroviridae

Question 5

The oily secretion that lubricates the hair follicles of the skin is

Accepted Answer

A)  sebum. 
B)  eczema. 
C)  suder. 
D)  acnus. 
E)  mucus. 
A)  sebum. 
B)  eczema. 
C)  suder. 
D)  acnus. 
E)  mucus.

Question 6

An important diagnostic sign of measles is

Accepted Answer

A)  Koplik's spots. 
B)  giant cells. 
C)  fever. 
D)  swollen lymph nodes. 
E)  red, weepy eyes. 
A)  Koplik's spots. 
B)  giant cells. 
C)  fever. 
D)  swollen lymph nodes. 
E)  red, weepy eyes.

Question 7

The member of the normal microbiota sometimes considered responsible for tinea versicolor is

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus species. 
B)  diphtheroids. 
C)  Candida species. 
D)  Malassezia species. 
E)  Streptococcus species. 
A)  Staphylococcus species. 
B)  diphtheroids. 
C)  Candida species. 
D)  Malassezia species. 
E)  Streptococcus species.

Question 8

Why would a non-immune pregnant woman not be given the MMRV vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adjuvant of the MMRV vaccine is highly toxic and damaging to a developing fetus. 
B)  Babies of women vaccinated during pregnancy frequently develop the complication of pneumonia. 
C)  The MMRV vaccine is attenuated, and a pregnant woman is at great risk of developing a reaction to it. 
D)  This is an attenuated vaccine, so there is a slight risk that her fetus might develop congenital rubella syndrome. 
E)  The MMRV vaccine always affects stem fetal cells, causing severe and life-threatening birth defects. 
A)  The adjuvant of the MMRV vaccine is highly toxic and damaging to a developing fetus. 
B)  Babies of women vaccinated during pregnancy frequently develop the complication of pneumonia. 
C)  The MMRV vaccine is attenuated, and a pregnant woman is at great risk of developing a reaction to it. 
D)  This is an attenuated vaccine, so there is a slight risk that her fetus might develop congenital rubella syndrome. 
E)  The MMRV vaccine always affects stem fetal cells, causing severe and life-threatening birth defects.

Question 9

If an immunodeficient person is exposed to VZV and belongs to a non-immune population, how can that person be protected from developing chickenpox?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be passively immunized with zoster hyperimmune globulin. 
B)  They can be actively immunized with the MMRV vaccine. 
C)  They can be passively immunized with the MMRV vaccine. 
D)  They can not be protected at all-they will get the disease. 
E)  They can be given prophylactic antibiotics. 
A)  They can be passively immunized with zoster hyperimmune globulin. 
B)  They can be actively immunized with the MMRV vaccine. 
C)  They can be passively immunized with the MMRV vaccine. 
D)  They can not be protected at all-they will get the disease. 
E)  They can be given prophylactic antibiotics.

Question 10

The surface layer of the skin is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cutaneous. 
B)  keratin. 
C)  epidermis. 
D)  dermis. 
E)  hypodermis. 
A)  cutaneous. 
B)  keratin. 
C)  epidermis. 
D)  dermis. 
E)  hypodermis.

Question 11

Warts are caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  papillomaviruses. 
B)  parvovirus. 
C)  adenoviruses. 
D)  herpes virus. 
E)  coronavirus. 
A)  papillomaviruses. 
B)  parvovirus. 
C)  adenoviruses. 
D)  herpes virus. 
E)  coronavirus.

Question 12

You are studying for your NCLEX exams with a group of friends. Each of you presents a case study to the other students in your group. Your friend Sue gives the following information in her case study: the patient is a child, who presents with a high fever (41S1U1P1oS1S1P0C) and a rash. The parents report that three days prior to the onset of the rash, the child had a runny nose, diarrhea, and conjunctivitis, all of which they thought indicated influenza. The child has not received any of the common recommended vaccines because until recently, he had been receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia that was diagnosed at 9 months.
-The signs and symptoms of the patient suggest that he has

Accepted Answer

A)  rubella. 
B)  rubeola. 
C)  varicella. 
D)  shingles. 
E)  candidiasis. 
A)  rubella. 
B)  rubeola. 
C)  varicella. 
D)  shingles. 
E)  candidiasis.

Question 13

In addition to S. aureus, impetigo may also involve

Accepted Answer

A)  M. luteus. 
B)  S. pyogenes. 
C)  S. epidermidis. 
D)  Pseudomonas species. 
E)  Cutibacterium species. 
A)  M. luteus. 
B)  S. pyogenes. 
C)  S. epidermidis. 
D)  Pseudomonas species. 
E)  Cutibacterium species.

Question 14

Coagulase-positive S. aureus is often involved in disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A young mother brings her three-month old baby into the doctor's office where you work as an RN. The baby is miserable and the mother reports that he has developed a fever, which is why she has brought him to the doctor. She tells you that the child is particularly upset when she changes his diaper and that he seems to have diaper rash, which she attributes to the fact that her son's diaper isn't always changed promptly enough at the day-care facility he goes to daily. In fact, she has recently switched him to another facility. You remove the child's diaper and immediately see that he has a very red rash on his buttocks and genital area. There is also red, scaly skin in the area where his diaper touches his thighs. You suspect that this may be more than just a typical case of diaper rash.
-In the laboratory, rubella virus, VZV, rubeola virus and Rickettsia rickettsii must be cultivated in host cells. Candida albicans does not need to be cultured in cells-why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Candida albicans is not an obligate intracellular parasite. 
B)  This fungus is an aquatic organism that requires fresh water for culture. 
C)  Candida species are yeasts and require a medium such as bread for culture. 
D)  Candida albicans is an obligate intracellular parasite. 
E)  Yeasts are autotrophs and are thus able to grow independent of other organisms. 
A)  Candida albicans is not an obligate intracellular parasite. 
B)  This fungus is an aquatic organism that requires fresh water for culture. 
C)  Candida species are yeasts and require a medium such as bread for culture. 
D)  Candida albicans is an obligate intracellular parasite. 
E)  Yeasts are autotrophs and are thus able to grow independent of other organisms.

Question 16

The MMR vaccine is used to protect against

Accepted Answer

A)  mononucleosis, mange, rubeola. 
B)  measles, mumps, rubella. 
C)  measles, mange, rubeola. 
D)  mononucleosis, mumps, rubella. 
E)  mumps, rubella, varicella. 
A)  mononucleosis, mange, rubeola. 
B)  measles, mumps, rubella. 
C)  measles, mange, rubeola. 
D)  mononucleosis, mumps, rubella. 
E)  mumps, rubella, varicella.

Question 17

Why is it important to continue vaccinating children in the United States against measles, even though it is now a rare disease in the Western Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  A rare complication of measles is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSP
E)  that is characterized by progressive brain degeneration, and generally results in death within 2 years. 
B)  Measles that occurs during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, premature labor, and low-birth-weight babies. 
C)  Occasionally, the measles virus causes viral pneumonia, with rapid breathing, shortness of breath, and dusky skin color from lack of adequate O₂ in the blood. 
D)  Encephalitis is a rare but serious complication of measles that sometimes results in permanent brain damage, with mental disability, deafness, and epilepsy. 
E)  All of these complications are reasons that the measles vaccine should be continued in the United States. 
A)  A rare complication of measles is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSP
E)  that is characterized by progressive brain degeneration, and generally results in death within 2 years. 
B)  Measles that occurs during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, premature labor, and low-birth-weight babies. 
C)  Occasionally, the measles virus causes viral pneumonia, with rapid breathing, shortness of breath, and dusky skin color from lack of adequate O₂ in the blood. 
D)  Encephalitis is a rare but serious complication of measles that sometimes results in permanent brain damage, with mental disability, deafness, and epilepsy. 
E)  All of these complications are reasons that the measles vaccine should be continued in the United States.

Question 18

Which of the following organisms is not normally found on the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococci 
B)  Diphtheroids 
C)  Candida species 
D)  Malassezia species 
E)  Staphylococci AND diphtheroids 
A)  Staphylococci 
B)  Diphtheroids 
C)  Candida species 
D)  Malassezia species 
E)  Staphylococci AND diphtheroids

Question 19

A young mother brings her three-month old baby into the doctor's office where you work as an RN. The baby is miserable and the mother reports that he has developed a fever, which is why she has brought him to the doctor. She tells you that the child is particularly upset when she changes his diaper and that he seems to have diaper rash, which she attributes to the fact that her son's diaper isn't always changed promptly enough at the day-care facility he goes to daily. In fact, she has recently switched him to another facility. You remove the child's diaper and immediately see that he has a very red rash on his buttocks and genital area. There is also red, scaly skin in the area where his diaper touches his thighs. You suspect that this may be more than just a typical case of diaper rash.
-The mother asks you whether her child needs penicillin. You tell her

Accepted Answer

A)  yes-diaper rash is a serious infection, and should be treated promptly with this antibiotic. 
B)  yes-penicillin interrupts protein synthesis, so will kill any type of cell, including a fungus. 
C)  no-penicillin targets peptidoglycan synthesis, but C. albicans is a fungus, so has a chitin cell wall. 
D)  no-penicillin is no longer an effective antibiotic for treating any type of infection. A different antibiotic is needed. 
E)  no-killing C. albicans with an antibiotic increases the risk of endotoxic shock. 
A)  yes-diaper rash is a serious infection, and should be treated promptly with this antibiotic. 
B)  yes-penicillin interrupts protein synthesis, so will kill any type of cell, including a fungus. 
C)  no-penicillin targets peptidoglycan synthesis, but C. albicans is a fungus, so has a chitin cell wall. 
D)  no-penicillin is no longer an effective antibiotic for treating any type of infection. A different antibiotic is needed. 
E)  no-killing C. albicans with an antibiotic increases the risk of endotoxic shock.

Question 20

Many childhood diseases caused by viral infections of the upper respiratory tract can usually be diagnosed by

Accepted Answer

A)  inspection of the rash. 
B)  the type of cough. 
C)  the type of fever. 
D)  the incubation period. 
E)  the gender of the patient. 
A)  inspection of the rash. 
B)  the type of cough. 
C)  the type of fever. 
D)  the incubation period. 
E)  the gender of the patient.

Exam 22: Skin Infections

S. aureus clumping factor

Why is Rickettsia rickettsii difficult to grow in culture?

Which of the following is considered a function of the skin?

The varicella-zoster virus is a member of which virus family?

The oily secretion that lubricates the hair follicles of the skin is

An important diagnostic sign of measles is

The member of the normal microbiota sometimes considered responsible for tinea versicolor is

Why would a non-immune pregnant woman not be given the MMRV vaccine?

If an immunodeficient person is exposed to VZV and belongs to a non-immune population, how can that person be protected from developing chickenpox?

The surface layer of the skin is the

Warts are caused by

In addition to S. aureus, impetigo may also involve

Coagulase-positive S. aureus is often involved in disease.

The MMR vaccine is used to protect against

Why is it important to continue vaccinating children in the United States against measles, even though it is now a rare disease in the Western Hemisphere?

Which of the following organisms is not normally found on the skin?

Many childhood diseases caused by viral infections of the upper respiratory tract can usually be diagnosed by

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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