Question 1

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

Accepted Answer

A)  pest-resistant plants. 
B)  plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C)  plants with increased nutritional value. 
D)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct. 
A)  pest-resistant plants. 
B)  plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C)  plants with increased nutritional value. 
D)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct.

Question 2

Common vectors used for cloning genes are

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  plasmids. 
E)  viruses AND plasmids. 
A)  bacteria. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  plasmids. 
E)  viruses AND plasmids.

Question 3

Which of the following about DNA microarray technology is NOT True?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B)  It involves attaching nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C)  It relies on visual detection of the labeled probes after hybridization. 
D)  It uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E)  It involves the use of fluorescently labeled singe-stranded cDNA. 
A)  It may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B)  It involves attaching nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C)  It relies on visual detection of the labeled probes after hybridization. 
D)  It uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E)  It involves the use of fluorescently labeled singe-stranded cDNA.

Question 4

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA library. 
B)  book of genes. 
C)  recombinant gene. 
D)  restructured genome. 
E)  genetic set. 
A)  DNA library. 
B)  book of genes. 
C)  recombinant gene. 
D)  restructured genome. 
E)  genetic set.

Question 5

The agarose used in electrophoresis

Accepted Answer

A)  interacts electrically with the DNA. 
B)  chemically binds to the DNA. 
C)  separates DNA fragments by size. 
D)  selectively sorts recombinant DNA from host DNA. 
E)  denatures DNA/RNA. 
A)  interacts electrically with the DNA. 
B)  chemically binds to the DNA. 
C)  separates DNA fragments by size. 
D)  selectively sorts recombinant DNA from host DNA. 
E)  denatures DNA/RNA.

Question 6

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

Accepted Answer

A)  density. 
B)  shape. 
C)  size. 
D)  nucleobase sequence. 
E)  type of 5C sugar. 
A)  density. 
B)  shape. 
C)  size. 
D)  nucleobase sequence. 
E)  type of 5C sugar.

Question 7

How are target cells identified using the FISH technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using an electron microscope. 
B)  Using DNA microarrays. 
C)  Using DNA sequencing. 
D)  Using a fluorescence microscope. 
E)  By detecting UV levels. 
A)  Using an electron microscope. 
B)  Using DNA microarrays. 
C)  Using DNA sequencing. 
D)  Using a fluorescence microscope. 
E)  By detecting UV levels.

Question 8

All of the following are True about DNA probes EXCEPT they

Accepted Answer

A)  may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B)  are usually tagged dsRNA. 
C)  may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
D)  may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
E)  may be tagged with a fluorescent dye. 
A)  may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B)  are usually tagged dsRNA. 
C)  may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
D)  may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
E)  may be tagged with a fluorescent dye.

Question 9

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A)  Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B)  It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C)  Due to the presence of introns/exons, and splicing of RNA after transcription, the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D)  The amount of "junk DNA" present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain. 
E)  Due to the presence of introns/exons, and pre-transcriptional modification, the protein profile varies considerably among people, so it would be better to determine that. 
A)  Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B)  It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C)  Due to the presence of introns/exons, and splicing of RNA after transcription, the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D)  The amount of "junk DNA" present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain. 
E)  Due to the presence of introns/exons, and pre-transcriptional modification, the protein profile varies considerably among people, so it would be better to determine that.

Question 10

Identify the correct sequence in which the steps below occur during a single PCR cycle.
1) Complementary base pairing between primers and target DNA.
2) Addition of DNA nucleotides by Taq DNA polymerase.
3) Heat separation of strands of target DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  3; 1; 2 
B)  1; 2; 3 
C)  1; 3; 2 
D)  2; 3; 1 
E)  2; 1; 3 
A)  3; 1; 2 
B)  1; 2; 3 
C)  1; 3; 2 
D)  2; 3; 1 
E)  2; 1; 3

Question 11

If PCR is carried out on a sample using primers specific for HPV 16 and no DNA is amplified, can a person assume that they are HPV-free?

Accepted Answer

A)  No. The person likely does not have HPV16 but they may have another HPV strain. 
B)  Yes. If there is no HPV16 present, there definitely won't be any other strain of HPV present either. 
C)  Yes. Primers specific for HPV 16 would also detect all other strains of HPV, so a negative test indicates the person is free of any HPV. 
D)  No. The negative result simply indicates that HPV is not a DNA virus but is in fact an RNA virus. 
E)  No. The negative result simply indicates that HPV is not a DNA virus but is in fact a bacterium which has a different type of DNA. 
A)  No. The person likely does not have HPV16 but they may have another HPV strain. 
B)  Yes. If there is no HPV16 present, there definitely won't be any other strain of HPV present either. 
C)  Yes. Primers specific for HPV 16 would also detect all other strains of HPV, so a negative test indicates the person is free of any HPV. 
D)  No. The negative result simply indicates that HPV is not a DNA virus but is in fact an RNA virus. 
E)  No. The negative result simply indicates that HPV is not a DNA virus but is in fact a bacterium which has a different type of DNA.

Question 12

Identify the statement about digestion of DNA by restriction enzymes that is NOT True.

Accepted Answer

A)  It produces sticky ends. 
B)  It produces blunt ends. 
C)  One strand of the DNA molecule is cut. 
D)  It generates restriction fragments. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  It produces sticky ends. 
B)  It produces blunt ends. 
C)  One strand of the DNA molecule is cut. 
D)  It generates restriction fragments. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT True about an ideal vector?

Accepted Answer

A)  A vector may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B)  A vector has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C)  A vector contains an RNA primer. 
D)  A vector contains an origin of replication. 
E)  A vector contains a selectable marker. 
A)  A vector may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B)  A vector has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C)  A vector contains an RNA primer. 
D)  A vector contains an origin of replication. 
E)  A vector contains a selectable marker.

Question 14

Host cells containing recombinant DNA can be selected on the basis of the properties of the

Accepted Answer

A)  vector. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  enzymes. 
D)  virus. 
E)  introns. 
A)  vector. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  enzymes. 
D)  virus. 
E)  introns.

Question 15

The Ti plasmid is naturally found in

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia. 
B)  Agrobacterium. 
C)  Pseudomonas. 
D)  Staphylococcus. 
E)  E. coli AND Staphylococcus. 
A)  Escherichia. 
B)  Agrobacterium. 
C)  Pseudomonas. 
D)  Staphylococcus. 
E)  E. coli AND Staphylococcus.

Question 16

When using lacZ containing vectors, colonies containing intact vector turn white.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The gene for human insulin has been successfully cloned in

Accepted Answer

A)  S. aureus. 
B)  E. coli. 
C)  rhinovirus. 
D)  human cells. 
E)  pig cells. 
A)  S. aureus. 
B)  E. coli. 
C)  rhinovirus. 
D)  human cells. 
E)  pig cells.

Question 18

It is useful to have a reference sequence when assembling DNA sequence data in high through-put methods because assembly will be quicker if two sequences can be compared.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During PCR, which primer anneals to template DNA at its 3' end?

Accepted Answer

A)  The forward primer only. 
B)  The reverse primer only. 
C)  Either the forward primer or the reverse primer. 
D)  Both the forward primer and the reverse primer. 
E)  Primers don't bind to template DNA. 
A)  The forward primer only. 
B)  The reverse primer only. 
C)  Either the forward primer or the reverse primer. 
D)  Both the forward primer and the reverse primer. 
E)  Primers don't bind to template DNA.

Exam 9: Biotechnology

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

Common vectors used for cloning genes are

Which of the following about DNA microarray technology is NOT True?

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

The agarose used in electrophoresis

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

How are target cells identified using the FISH technique?

All of the following are True about DNA probes EXCEPT they

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think. Why not?

Identify the correct sequence in which the steps below occur during a single PCR cycle. 1) Complementary base pairing between primers and target DNA. 2) Addition of DNA nucleotides by Taq DNA polymerase. 3) Heat separation of strands of target DNA.

If PCR is carried out on a sample using primers specific for HPV 16 and no DNA is amplified, can a person assume that they are HPV-free?

Identify the statement about digestion of DNA by restriction enzymes that is NOT True.

Which of the following is NOT True about an ideal vector?

Host cells containing recombinant DNA can be selected on the basis of the properties of the

The Ti plasmid is naturally found in

When using lacZ containing vectors, colonies containing intact vector turn white.

The gene for human insulin has been successfully cloned in

It is useful to have a reference sequence when assembling DNA sequence data in high through-put methods because assembly will be quicker if two sequences can be compared.

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

During PCR, which primer anneals to template DNA at its 3' end?

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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